【正文】
_____ (worry) about their schoolwork and can39。t fall ________ (sleep) quickly. A lack (缺乏) of sleep can greatly affect (影響) a person39。s life. Students who don39。t get enough sleep may get poor grades. They cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports. ________ (solve) this kind of problem, scientists advise that students should have ________ (little) schoolwork and more time to sleep. There are some other ways to help people get enough sleep, such as ________ (take) a 20minute nap (午睡) during the day, trying to go to sleep earlier and so on . Good sleeping habits are also ________ (help). For example, try to go to sleep and wake up at the same time every day, even on weekends and during the day.【答案】 importance;is considered;reported;fifths;worrying/worried;asleep;To solve;less;taking;helpful 【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文是一篇與睡眠有關(guān)的短文,講述了睡眠與健康的關(guān)系,不同年齡的人需要不同的睡眠時間,中國青少年學(xué)生的睡眠現(xiàn)狀以及解決措施等。 (1)句意:每年,世界各地都有一個節(jié)日來慶祝良好健康睡眠的重要性——世界睡眠日。由前面的定冠詞the,可知此處應(yīng)填入一個名詞,important是形容詞“重要的”,與其對應(yīng)的名詞是importance“重要”,故答案填importance。 (2)句意:據(jù)說每晚8小時的睡眠時間被認為是平均睡眠時間。由題干可知主語eight hours與動詞consider之間存在被動關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用被動語態(tài),文章時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時,時間作主語謂語動詞用單數(shù),所以be動詞用is,consider的過去分詞是considered,故答案填is considered。 (3)句意:然而,去年中國青少年研究中心報道。由last year可知,動詞時態(tài)用一般過去時,report的過去式為reported,故答案填reported。 (4)句意:大約五分之四的中學(xué)生睡眠不足。這里考查分數(shù)的表達方法,在英語中一般用基數(shù)詞表示分數(shù)的分子,用序數(shù)詞表示分數(shù)的分母;當(dāng)分子大于1時,分母要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,所以五分之四的正確書寫是four fifths,故答案填fifths。 (5)句意:對于一些學(xué)生來說,他們想早點睡覺,但是他們總是擔(dān)心他們的學(xué)業(yè)。keep doing +形容詞,都表示“使…處于某種狀態(tài)”,worried,是形容詞,故答案填worrying/worried。 (6)句意:他們不能很快入睡。聯(lián)系上文語境,結(jié)合提示詞可知此處句意為“他們不能很快入睡。”“入睡”fall asleep,固定詞組,前面有情態(tài)動詞can39。t,所以這里用動詞原形,故答案填asleep。 (7)句意:為了解決這類問題。這里應(yīng)用動詞不定式表示目的,故答案填To solve。 (8)句意:科學(xué)家建議學(xué)生應(yīng)該少做功課,多睡覺。根據(jù)后面的more time to sleep可知此處應(yīng)表達的是“作更少的功課”,句中暗含比較級,little的比較級為less,故答案填less。 (9)句意:比如白天小睡20分鐘。such as意思是“比如”,as是介詞后接動詞ing形式,故答案填taking。 (10)句意:良好的睡眠習(xí)慣也很有幫助。前面有系動詞are,后接形容詞作表語,help“幫助”,動詞,與其對應(yīng)的形容詞是helpful“有幫助的、有益的”,故答案填helpful。 【點評】考查語言綜合運用能力,注意謂語的時態(tài),語態(tài),非謂語動詞,詞性,連詞搭配等多種用法。10.語法填空 From deserts and beaches to playgrounds, sand is a mon sight. But you might not know that sand is also a useful resource. Sand is the second mostused resource in the world after water, the BBC reported. However, the UN said that sand is not limitless and that we might be running out of ________. Sand is made up of very small ________(piece) of rock, soil and minerals(礦物質(zhì)). It can take tens of thousands of years to form. But now we are using sand more________(quick) than it is being formed. According to the BBC, we use about 15 billion tons of sand every year ________build houses, roads and other things. People also put sand in the________[si:] to make new islands. For example, the Palm islands are made up of three________[lɑ?d?] manmade islands in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. In 2010, they ________(take) 94 million cubic meters of sand to build. If people keep________(use) this much sand, it will run out in many places. For example, Vietnam may run out of construction sand by 2020, Live Science noted. ________[sins] people need so much sand, they are trying to mine(開采) more of it. But this is bad for the environment. Mining sand may ________beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea. Also, this may affect the habitats (棲息地) of many plants and animals.【答案】 it;pieces;quickly;to;sea;large;took;using;Since;cause 【解析】【分析】大意:本文主要介紹了沙子這種常見的景觀。 (1)句意:然而,聯(lián)合國說,沙子并不是無限的,我們有可能會用完它們。run out of“用完,用盡”的意思。這里用it來指代上文的沙子(sand是不可數(shù)名詞)。故答案為:it。 (2)句意:沙子由非常小的巖石、土壤和礦物質(zhì)組成。根據(jù)rock, soil and minerals(礦物質(zhì))可知,這是幾種成分,因此piece用復(fù)數(shù)pieces。故答案為:pieces。 (3)句意:但現(xiàn)在我們使用沙子的速度比它形成的速度要快。根據(jù)副詞修飾動詞可知,此處應(yīng)用形容詞quick的副詞形式quickly修飾動詞use“使用”。故答案為:quickly。 (4)句意:據(jù)英國廣播公司報道,我們每年用大約150億噸沙子建造房屋、道路和其他東西。根據(jù)固定搭配 use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某物,可知此處用動詞不定式to do做目的狀語。故答案為:to。 (5)句意:人們還把沙子放進海里,制造新的島嶼。由語境和音標[si:]提示可知,填:sea。故答案為:sea。 (6)句意:例如,棕櫚島由阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長國迪拜的三個大型人工島嶼組成的。由語境和音標[lɑ?d?]提示可知,填:large,three large manmade islands三個大型的人工島嶼。故答案為:large。 (7)句意:2010年,他們用9400萬立方米的沙子建造。根據(jù)時間狀語In 2010可知,本題的時態(tài)為一般過去時。動詞take的過去式為took。故答案為:took。 (8)句意:如果人們繼續(xù)使用這么多沙子,它會在很多地方用完。根據(jù)固定搭配keep doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事,可知此處應(yīng)用動名詞做賓語,動詞use的動名詞為using。故答案為:using。 (9)句意:由于人們需要這么多沙子,他們正試圖開采更多的沙子。由語境和音標 [sins] 提示可知,填:since,表自……以來、因為、由于。句首單詞首字母要大寫。故答案為:Since。 (10)句意:開采沙可能會導(dǎo)致海灘消失,在靠近大海的地方會發(fā)生更多的洪水。根據(jù)beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea海灘消失,在靠近大海的地方會發(fā)生更多的洪水,可知這些是開采沙所導(dǎo)致的后果,因此填:cause。may是情態(tài)動詞,后跟動詞原形。故答案為:cause。 【點評】考查語法填空,注意根據(jù)單詞在語境中的詞性進行必要的變形,同時熟記固定搭配和基本句型。