【正文】 。B.they were afraid of losing moneyC.the city was not cleanD.they liked homes（4）The Bow Street Runners _______. A.stopped people from stealingB.stole moneyC.paid people for stealingD.stopped people riding horses【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要講述了倫敦警察的發(fā)展史，起初倫敦沒有警察，但隨著越來越多的人來到倫敦居住，小偷變得多了起來。Henry就花錢雇傭一些人來防止小偷，倫敦的警察就產生了。后來警察的數(shù)量越來越多了，報酬也越來越高了。 （1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語句but in 1700, London had no policemen at all. A few old men used to protect the city streets at night and they were not ，在1700年，倫敦根本沒有警察，少數(shù)的老人來保護城市的街道，而且題目沒有報酬。故選B。 （2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語句About 300 years ago, London was starting to get bigger and more and more people began to live ，在大約300年前，倫敦變得越來越大，越來越多的人來到倫敦居住。故選D。 （3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語句There were so many thieves who stole money in the streets that people stayed in their homes as much as ，在300年前，倫敦的街道上有很多的小偷，所以人們都盡可能的呆在自己的家里。故選B。 （3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語句In 1750,Henry Fielding started to pay a group of people to stop thieves. They were like policemen and were called “Bow Street Runners” because they worked near Bow ，在1750年，Henry Fielding開始付錢請一些人來防止小偷。他們就像今天的警察一樣，他們被叫做Bow Street Runners，因為他們在Bow Street 這個街道附近工作。故這些人是來防止小偷的。故選A。 【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文主要考查細節(jié)理解題，首先仔細閱讀文后的問題，弄清問題的大意；然后帶著問題閱讀短文，抓住關鍵信息，選擇正確答案。二、中考英語完形填空（含答案詳細解析）9．閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案. The Secret Soldier A young soldier, Robert Shurtliff, lay dying in a hospital bed. He was too 1 to speak or move. Two men stood over him. I think this young man has 2 , one man said. I39。ll take his jacket and boots, said the other. Robert gathered all of his strength to 3 , I…I39。m alive. The doctor came running over as Robert fell into a a（昏迷）. We can 4 him, he said as he examined the young soldier, Oh, my! He39。s a 5 ! It was true. The young soldier, Robert Shurtliff, was really Deborah Sampson. 6 who was she？ Deborah Sampson had grown up in Massachusetts, living as a servant. She 7 of having great adventures （冒險）. 8 the Revolutionary War broke out in 1775, women were not allowed to serve in the army. But Deborah 9 herself as a man and became a solider. She called herself Robert Shurtliff. One day, during an attack, Deborah was shot in the neck and 10 . Another soldier lifted Deborah into his horse and rode her to the 11 . A doctor treated the wound on her back and asked if 12 had any other injuries. Deborah lied and said no. She was afraid that if the doctor examined her leg, he would discover her 13 . Using a pocket knife, Deborah got the bullet（子彈）out of her own leg. She 14 to fight as a soldier. After the war ended, Deborah got married and had children. But she still longed for 15 . So she put on her soldier39。s uniform and travelled around the country telling of her life as young, brave soldier, Robert Shurtliff.1. A. busyB. weakC. surprisedD. strong2. A. got upB. lost heartC. passed awayD. got lost3. A. whisperB. cryC. shoutD. laugh4. A. acceptB. killC. supportD. save5. A. soldierB. motherC. womanD. father6. A. ThoughB. ButC. OrD. However7. A. diedB. talkedC. heardD. dreamed8. A. WhenB. WhileC. UntilD. Since9. A. workedB. dressedC. actedD. lived10. A. armB. handC. legD. stomach11. A. hospitalB. libraryC. studioD. bedroom12. A. sheB. heC. itD. they13. A. appearanceB. abilityC. beautyD. secret14. A. failedB. continuedC. agreedD. planned15. A. homeB. fashionC. peaceD. adventure【答案】 （1）B；（2）C；（3）A；（4）D；（5）C；（6）B；（7）D；（8）A；（9）B；（10）C；（11）A；（12）A；（13）D；（14）B；（15）D； 【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要記敘了一個叫Deborah?Sampson的婦人很喜歡冒險，在戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)時她女扮男裝到戰(zhàn)場上作戰(zhàn)，后來被子彈射擊后才被醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)她是個婦人，而不是男人。 （1）考查形容詞辨析。 句意：他太虛弱以至于不能講話或移動。A忙碌的，B虛弱的，C驚訝的，D強壯的. 根據(jù)下文I think this young man has …以及I39。ll take his jacket and boots，可知其他士兵是以為他過世了，準備把他的夾克和靴子拿走，可知是因為他太虛弱了以至于讓別人誤會他過世了，故選B。 （2）考查動詞辨析。句意：我覺得這位年輕的男人應該已經過世了。 A起床，B沒愛心，C過世，D迷失。根據(jù)I39。ll take his jacket and boots有其他士兵會拿走的靴子，可知是以為他過世了才帶走他的東西，故選C。 （3）考查動詞辨析。句意：Robert用盡他全身的力氣小聲地說。 A悄悄說，B哭喊，C大喊，D嘲笑。根據(jù)上文可知他身體很虛弱，且下文I…I39。m alive可知他幾乎講不出聲音來了，所以是很小聲，悄悄地說的，故選A。 （4）考查動詞辨析。 句意：我們可以救他。A接受，B殺害，C支持，D救。 根據(jù)下文as he examined the young soldier醫(yī)生給這位士兵檢查身體，且此空中的can可知是可以去救這個士兵，故選D。 （5）考查名詞辨析。句意：他是一個婦女。A士兵，B媽媽，C婦人，D爸爸。 根據(jù)下文It was true. The young soldier， Robert Shurtliff， was really Deborah Sampson. …who was she中的she可知這個士兵是個女的，故選C。 （6）考查連詞辨析。 句意：但她是誰呢？A盡管，B但是，C或者，D然而。根據(jù)下文…who was she？中的反問號可知是大家都很好奇她到底是誰，所以此處是轉折關系，轉折連詞，結合選項，故選B。 （7）考查動詞辨析。句意：她夢想著去冒險。A死了，B談話，C聽見，D夢想。 根據(jù)下午…of having great adventures （冒險）中dream of doing sth. 夢想做某事，這個婦人是一直夢想冒險，所以男扮女裝去當士兵，故選D。 （8）考查副詞辨析。句意：1775年，當革命戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)時，婦女都不允許參軍的。A在..的時候，B當..時，C知道，D自從。根據(jù)下文women were not allowed to serve in the army可知這兩句話中缺少連詞，when當……的時候，且下半句是非進行時態(tài)，故用when而不用while，故選A。 （9）考查動詞辨析。 句意：但Deborah把自己打扮成男裝，然后成為了一名士兵。A工作，B穿著，C表演，D居住。根據(jù)上文戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)時女生是不允許上戰(zhàn)場的，下文herself as a man中的herself和man，可知是把她自己打扮成一個男人，故選B。 （10）考查名詞辨析。句意：在一次射擊中，Deborah的腿和脖子被射中了。A手臂，B手，C腿，D胃。根據(jù)下文She was afraid that if the doctor examined her leg可知她的腿也是受傷的，故選C。 （11）考查名詞辨析。句意：另一名士兵把Deborah放在一匹馬上，然后載她到醫(yī)院。A醫(yī)院，B圖書館，C錄音室，D臥室。根據(jù)下文A doctor treated the wound 有醫(yī)生給她治療，可知是把她載到了醫(yī)院，故選A。 （12）考查代詞辨析。句意：一名醫(yī)生把她脖子上的傷口處理好然后問她是否還有其他的傷口。 A她，B他，C它，D他們，根據(jù)上文treated the wound on her back and asked if 中的her，她的，可知此時陳述的是用第三人稱的女的她，故選A。 （13）考查名詞辨析。 句意：她擔心如果醫(yī)生處理她腿上的傷口，那他會發(fā)現(xiàn)她的秘密的。A外貌，B能力，C美，D秘密。根據(jù)上文She was afraid 中她很擔心，是因為她擔心醫(yī)生會發(fā)現(xiàn)她女扮男裝的秘密，上文也講到了她穿了男裝上戰(zhàn)場，故選D。 （14）考查動詞辨析。句意：她繼續(xù)像一名士兵一樣作戰(zhàn)。上文講到她女扮男裝上戰(zhàn)場中槍了，搶救過來后，A失敗，B繼續(xù)，C同意，D計劃。 下文提到fight as a soldier又像個士兵一樣去打戰(zhàn)了，可知她是傷好了后又繼續(xù)上戰(zhàn)場了，故選B。 （15）考查名詞辨析。句意：但她依然想冒險。A家，B潮流，C安靜，D冒險。 上文講到她很喜歡冒險，根據(jù)此處still longed for 中的still依然可知她是依然想冒險，long for sth. 期待某事，long for adventure，期待冒險，故選D。 【點評】此題考查完形填空。在通讀全文，了解大意的基礎上開始答題。答題時要根據(jù)短文的內容和要求，結合短文的主題思想，對空缺句子作合乎邏輯的推理。要弄清空缺詞句的確切含義，并對每一個空白的四個選項進行認真分析，反復推敲?？杖痹~句與其前后句的意義銜接必須自然、合理，不可出現(xiàn)意義斷層或說東道西的情況，還要綜合運用學過的知識，從語法、詞語固定搭配、詞形變化及邏輯推理和生活常識等角度考慮，找出問題正確答案。10．完形填空 Many students have some 1 . For example, some students do not learn their school subjects 2 . Some are good at 3 and do well in many exams, 4 they are doing very badly in sports and they