【正文】
ed;of;develop / to develop;dramatically 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了大型3D打印機(jī)可用來(lái)制造船舶。 (1)考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意:造船是一個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)而枯燥的過程,即使最終從造船臺(tái)上滑下來(lái)的只是一艘用玻璃纖維等現(xiàn)代材料制造的小船,而非用木板釘成的傳統(tǒng)船只。______ is going down the slipway是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)從句,主語(yǔ)從句缺少主語(yǔ),在此表示的事物,故填what。 (2)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處表示用玻璃纖維等現(xiàn)代材料制造的小船。______(make) from modern materials such as fibreglass用來(lái)修飾craft,作定語(yǔ),craft與make是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞,故填made。 (3)考查副詞。句意:不過,現(xiàn)狀可能馬上會(huì)發(fā)生改變。根據(jù)前后文語(yǔ)境可知此處表示之前制作大約需要好幾月的實(shí)踐,而這一切隨著3D打印的使用可能要發(fā)生改變。所以表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故填however/though。 (4)考查冠詞。句意:緬因大學(xué)的研究者正在測(cè)試一條 8 米長(zhǎng)的巡邏艇,它的建造過程只花了 72 小時(shí)。in the process of…固定短語(yǔ),“在......過程中”,故填the。 (5)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:他們的秘密武器,是使用一臺(tái)大型的 3D 打印機(jī)來(lái)造船。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此句有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞was,所以u(píng)se 要使用非謂語(yǔ),再根據(jù)their trick可知使用者是人,所以人與use是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞,故填using。 (6)考查形容詞。句意:自從他們?cè)?0世紀(jì)90年代以商業(yè)形式出現(xiàn)以來(lái),他們一直被用于工廠制作小的飛機(jī)零部件和牙冠。此處修飾form名詞,要用形容詞,故填mercial。 (7)考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)since,可知主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),再根據(jù)3D打印機(jī)與employ之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),再根據(jù)主謂一致??芍钣胔ave been employed。 (8)考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意:這些打印機(jī)能夠制造出比以前更大的物體,并且打印速度更快。be capable of固定短語(yǔ),“能夠”,故填of。 (9)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。help to do/ help do固定短語(yǔ),“幫助做某事”,故填to develop/ develop。 (10)考查副詞。句意:該大學(xué)估計(jì),對(duì)于該州常見的行業(yè)——造船來(lái)說,這種大型3D打印機(jī)將大幅削減生產(chǎn)新船所需的成本和時(shí)間。此處修飾動(dòng)詞cut,要用副詞,故填dramatically。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及主語(yǔ)從句,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,副詞,冠詞,形容詞,時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)以及副詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇科技類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 11.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Chopsticks, or kuaizi in Chinese, ________ (be) a pair of small equal length sticks, usually made of wood, ________( use) for eating Asian food It is believed the first chopsticks ________ (develop) over 5,000 years ago in China. The ________(early) evidence of a pair of chopsticks made out of bronze was excavated (出土) from the Ruins of Yin near Anyang, Henan province,dating back to roughly 1,200 BC. Chopsticks play, ________important role in Chinese food culture. Chinese chopsticks are usually 9 to 10 inches long and rectangular with a blunt (鈍的) end. They are round on the eating end ________symbolizes heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes earth. This is because________(maintain) an adequate food supply is the greatest concern between heaven and earth. There is an old Chinese custom making chopsticks part of a girl39。s dowry, since the ________(pronounce) of kuaizi is similar to the words for quick and son.Chopsticks are ________(frequent) used in daily life. They have bee more than a kind of tableware and have established a set of etiquette (禮儀) and customs ________their own.【答案】 are;used;were developed;earliest;an;that/which;maintaining;pronunciation;frequently;of 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,講述了筷子在我國(guó)的歷史、作用和文化意義。 (1)考查時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)下文的is判斷為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語(yǔ)chopsticks是復(fù)數(shù),故填are。 (2)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ),use和邏輯主語(yǔ)sticks之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用去過分詞,填used。 (3)考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是主語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)over 5,000 years ago判斷為一般過去時(shí),主語(yǔ)chopsticks和develop之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),主語(yǔ)chopsticks是復(fù)數(shù),故填were developed。 (4)考查形容詞。此處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞evidence,結(jié)合句意可知此處意為“最早的證據(jù)”故用最高級(jí),故填earliest。 (5)考查冠詞。play a role in固定短語(yǔ),“在……中起作用”,又important是元音音素開頭,故填an。 (6)考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是限定性定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞,先行詞they(指物)在從句__6___symbolizes heaven中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ),故用關(guān)系代詞,填that/which。 (7)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處應(yīng)填maintain的動(dòng)名詞形式作為表語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ),故填maintaining。 (8)考查名詞。此處應(yīng)填名詞作為原因狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ),結(jié)合上下文可知此處意為“筷子的發(fā)音”,“發(fā)音”是pronunciation,故填pronunciation。 (9)考查副詞,此處應(yīng)填副詞修飾動(dòng)詞are used,故填frequently。 (10)考查介詞。of one39。s own固定短語(yǔ),“某人自己的”,故填of。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及時(shí)態(tài),非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài),形容詞,冠詞,定語(yǔ)從句,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,名詞,副詞以及介詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇文化類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。12.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Vegetarianism(素食主義)is being one rising trend in the UK, as more people are deciding not ________(eat) meat and animal products. Vegetarians are people who don39。t eat meat, while vegans are people who don39。t eat or use any animal products at all. These lifestyles ________(bee) more wellknown in the UK. ________ are Britons cutting out meat? Many are unhappy about the poor treatment of animals and the effects of meat and fish production ________ the environment. ________(worry) about food safety and foodborne illnesses, such as mad cow disease, have also played a part. Others choose to change their eating habits in order to bee ________ (healthy). According to the Vegetarian Society, a meatfree diet can help reduce ________ risk of certain cancers, as well as heart disease and high blood pressure. Organic farming is ________ rising trend that is appearing in the UK. Many people are rejecting genetically modified(轉(zhuǎn)基因的)food and want their food to be ________(organic) produced. Organic farmers use very few or no chemicals. Organic meat ________(produce) without the use of drugs.【答案】 to eat;are being;Why;on;Worries;healthier;the;another;organically;is produced 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,素食主義在英國(guó)逐漸增加,越來(lái)越多的英國(guó)人決定不食用肉類和動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品。根據(jù)素食協(xié)會(huì)的說法,無(wú)肉飲食可以幫助降低某些癌癥、心臟病和高血壓的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 (1)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:素食主義在英國(guó)正成為一種上升趨勢(shì),越來(lái)越多的人決定不吃肉和動(dòng)物制品。decide to do固定短語(yǔ),“決定做……”。故填to eat。 (2)考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:這種生活方式在英國(guó)越來(lái)越出名。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處應(yīng)使現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),表示逐漸變化的過程。故填is being。 (3)考查疑問詞。根據(jù)下文“許多人對(duì)虐待動(dòng)物以及肉類和魚類生產(chǎn)的影響感到不滿”可知,此處指“為什么英國(guó)人不吃肉?”故填Why。 (4)考查介詞。句意:許多人對(duì)虐待動(dòng)物以及肉類和魚類生產(chǎn)對(duì)環(huán)境的影響感到不滿。have an effect on固定短語(yǔ),“對(duì)……有影響”。故填on。 (5)考查名詞。句意:對(duì)食品安全和像瘋牛病這樣的食源性疾病的擔(dān)憂也起到了一定的作用。根據(jù)句意及謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞have可知,此處應(yīng)使用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填Worries。 (6)考查形容詞。句意:其他人選擇改變他們的飲食習(xí)慣是為了變得更健康。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處應(yīng)使用比較級(jí)。故填healthier。 (7)考查冠詞。句意:據(jù)素食協(xié)會(huì)稱,無(wú)肉飲食可以幫助降低某些癌癥、心臟病和高血壓的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處表特指,應(yīng)使用定冠詞。故填the。 (8)考查形容詞。句意:有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)是另一個(gè)正在英國(guó)興起的趨勢(shì)。another“另外的”。故填another。 (9)考查副詞。句意:許多人拒絕轉(zhuǎn)基因食品,希望他們的食物是有機(jī)生產(chǎn)的。此處修飾動(dòng)詞produce,應(yīng)使用副詞形式。故填organically。 (10)考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:有機(jī)肉類的生產(chǎn)不需要藥物。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),且描述的是客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填is produced。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,時(shí)態(tài),介詞,名詞,形容詞,冠詞,副詞以及語(yǔ)態(tài)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 13.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 When in 1984 I. M. Pei, then the most soughtafter architect in America, ________ (present) his plans for a 70foot glass pyramid in the 18thcentury courtyard of the Louvre, the general________(react) was anger. Because Mr. Pei was ChineseAmerican, he________ (apparent) had no under standing of the Louvre, or Paris, or France. However, these remarks did not annoy him. With quick enthusias