【正文】 故填through/across。 （10）考查虛擬語氣。that we 10 ( take) rapid and dramatic action ，urge之后的賓語從句，賓語從句中用should + 動詞原形，should可以被省略的虛擬語氣，所以填(should)take。 【點評】本題考點涉及代詞，非謂語動詞，定語從句，名詞，副詞，冠詞，介詞以及虛擬語氣等多個知識點的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。11．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。 At the beginning, written Chinese was a picturebased language. It dates back several thousand years ________ the use of animal bones and shells on which symbols ________ (carve) by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today39。s hanzi. By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols ________ (bee) a welldeveloped writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, ________ (lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters. This, ________, changed under the rule of Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty. Emperor Qinshihuang made the seven major states into one ________ (unite) country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. That writing system was of great ________ (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still municate ________ (easy) in writing. Written Chinese has also bee an important means by ________ China39。s present is connected with its past. People in modern times can read the classic ________ (work) which were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has bee an important part of Chinese culture.【答案】 to；were carved；had bee；leading；however；united；importance；easily；which；works 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了中國文字記錄的發(fā)展歷史。 （1）考查介詞。date back to固定短語，“追溯到”，故填to。 （2）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。本句中主語與謂語動詞構成被動關系，且事情發(fā)生在過去，應用一般過去時，主語為symbols復數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。故填were carved。 （3）考查時態(tài)。句意：到了商代，這些符號已經(jīng)成為一種很發(fā)達的文字系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)“by the Shang Dynasty”可知，應使用過去完成時，表示“到……為止，已經(jīng)成為”，故填had bee。 （4）考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，lead在句中做非謂語動詞，且system與lead to為主動關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，填leading。 （5）考查副詞。句意：然而，這種情況在秦朝秦始皇的統(tǒng)治下改變了。結合句意可知表示轉折，“但是”應用however，故填however。 （6）考查形容詞。修飾名詞country，應用形容詞，表示“一個統(tǒng)一的國家”。故填united。 （7）考查名詞。be of importance固定短語，“很重要的”，故填importance。 （8）考查副詞。修飾動詞municate，應用副詞，表示“容易溝通”，故填easily。 （9）考查定語從句。句意：書面漢語也成為中國的現(xiàn)在與過去聯(lián)系的重要手段。本句為“介詞+關系代詞”結構定語從句修飾先行詞means，且做介詞by的賓語，指代“手段”應用關系代詞which。故填which。 （10）考查名詞。work“作品”，可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)were可知，應使用名詞復數(shù)，故填works。 【點評】本題考點涉及介詞，時態(tài)語態(tài)，非謂語動詞，副詞，形容詞，名詞，定語從句等多個知識點的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。12．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。 More than half of former host cities for the Winter Olympics will be too hot________(deal)with such games by the end of this century. That is the prediction of a recent study. It39。s not just the Olympics that________ (be) at risk now. The world of winter sports is changing as the global climate continues warming, says Daniel Scott, ________climatechange researcher in Canada. He led a team of researchers, ________used math to predict how winter conditions will have changed by February 2050 and 2080. February is the month when the Olympic winter games are________(typical) played． Scott and his team forecast temperatures and snow cover for the 19 cities that have already hosted Winter Olympics, and two________(addition) cities: PyeongChang, South Korea，and Beijing, China, where the 2022 Winter Olympics will be held. Scott39。s team________(start) with looking at historic winter conditions, and then used puter models to predict conditions in the ( they) model predicted that by2050，the average February temperatures in past Winter Olympic host cities will rise by degrees Celsius. These temperatures can affect the quality of snow, thus________（increase)the chance of accidents.【答案】 to deal；are；a；who；typically；additional；started；Their；to；increasing 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，一項研究預測，到本世紀末，一半以上的前冬奧會主辦城市將會太熱而無法舉行這樣的比賽。 （1）考查非謂語動詞。句意：到本世紀末，一半以上的前冬奧會主辦城市將因天氣太熱而無法舉辦此類賽事。too…to…固定句式，“太.....而不能.....”，故填to deal。 （2）考查主謂一致。句意：現(xiàn)在不僅是奧運會面臨危險。本句the Olympics后面接的是定語從句，并且the Olympics在定語從句中做主語，定語從句謂語動詞應和主語保持一致，用復數(shù)，故填are。 （3）考查冠詞。句意：“隨著全球氣候持續(xù)變暖，冬季運動的世界正在發(fā)生變化，”加拿大的一個氣候變化研究員，丹尼爾斯科特說。本句中氣候變化研究員為單數(shù)，應用冠詞a修飾，表示泛指一個，故填a。 （4）考查定語從句。句意：他領導了一組研究人員，他們用數(shù)學來預測到2050年2月和2080年冬天的情況會發(fā)生怎樣的變化?？蘸鬄榉窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句，先行詞為a team of researchers，指人，在從句中做主語，應用關系代詞who，故填who。 （5）考查副詞。句意：2月是冬季奧運會舉行的典型月份。空中的詞用來修飾謂語動詞are played做狀語，應用副詞，故填typically。 （6）考查形容詞。句意：斯科特和他的團隊預測了已經(jīng)舉辦冬奧會的19個城市的氣溫和積雪，以及另外兩個城市：韓國平昌，和中國北京，2022年冬奧會將在那里舉行。此處用來修飾名詞cities作定語，應用形容詞，故填additional。 （7）考查時態(tài)。句意：斯科特的研究小組開始研究了歷史上的冬季情況，然后使用計算機模型來預測未來的情況?？罩械脑~和used做并列謂語，時態(tài)應保持一致，都用一般過去時，故填started。 （8）考查代詞。句意：他們的模型預測到2050年?？罩械脑~用來修飾名詞作定語，應用形容詞性物主代詞，故填their。 （9）考查介詞。句意：他們的模型預測到2050年。根據(jù)句意可知是“到”，故填to。 （10）考查非謂語動詞。句意：這些溫度會影響雪的質量，從而增加發(fā)生事故的機會。此處作狀語，同它的邏輯主語these temperatures之間為主動關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞，填increasing。 【點評】本題考點涉及非謂語動詞，主謂一致，冠詞，定語從句，副詞，形容詞，時態(tài)，代詞以及介詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 13．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热荩?個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。 Boat Building is a longwinded and timeconsuming business, even when ________ is going down the slipway is a small craft ________(make) from modern materials such as fibreglass. Construct a mould(模具). Build up layers of resin(樹脂) and glass fibre inside that mould. Extract the pleted structure and finish it. All told, it can take months. That, ________, may soon change. For researchers at the University of Maine are now in ________process of testing an 8metre (25foot) patrol boat that took just 72 hours to make from scratch. Their trick was to build the boat ________(use) a giant 3D printer. Since they appeared in ________(merce) form in the 1990s, generally 3D printers ________ (employ) in factories to make small things like ponents of jetengines and dental crowns(牙冠). Now, a new generation of outsize printers is arrivi