【正文】 ____. The trouble ________ (start) last night when I was smoking a cigarette in bed. This is against the rules, of course. We are not supposed to smoke at all. As I was smoking, I heard footsteps ing towards the room. I did not want a teacher ________ (catch) me smoking, so I threw the cigarette away. Unfortunately, the cigarette fell into the wastepaper basket, ________caught fire. There was a curtain near the wastepaper basket which caught fire, too. Soon the whole room was ________ (burn) .The principal phoned for the fire department. The school is a long way from the town and by the time the fire department arrived, the whole school was in ________ (flame). Many of the girls are in the hospital. The principal says that the fire was all my ________and you must pay ________the damage. She will send you a bill for about a million dollars. I am very sorry about this.Much love,Susan【答案】 her；with；any longer；started；to catch；which；burning；flames；fault；for 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，Susan在寄宿學校上學，這是她寫給父母的一封信。她在信中說自己因違反學校規(guī)定在宿舍吸煙而引發(fā)了一場大火，很多女生都住進了醫(yī)院。校長說這場大火都是她的錯誤，并要她的家長賠償損失。Susan告訴父母校長會給他們寫信，讓他們來把Susan帶走。 （1）考查代詞。句意：這是她從學校寫給父母的一封信。此處要用形容詞性物主代詞，修飾parents ，故填her。 （2）考查介詞。be angry with sb 固定短語，“對某人感到很生氣”。故填with。 （3）考查固定短語。這里用any longer與前面的not構成not…any longer結構，“不再……”。故填any longer。 （4）考查時態(tài)。句子中有時間狀語last night，所以要用一般過去時。故填started。 （5）考查非謂語動詞。want sb to do sth固定短語，“想讓某人干某事”。故填to catch。 （6）考查定語從句。這是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞為 the wastepaper basket，指物，在后面的非限制性定語從句中作主語，且that不能引導非限制性定語從句，所以關系代詞要用which。故填which。 （7）考查形容詞。此處可理解為現(xiàn)在分詞作形容詞，在句中作系動詞was的表語，句意為“很快整個房間都著火了”。故填burning。 （8）考查名詞。句意：整個學校都著火了。in flames固定短語，“在火焰中”，故填flames。 （9）考查名詞。句意：這場火災都是我的責任。結合上下文分析，所以此處用fault表示“錯誤，責任”。故填 fault。 （10）考查介詞。pay for固定短語，“賠償，為......而付錢”，故填for。 【點評】本題考點涉及代詞，介詞，時態(tài)，非謂語動詞，定語從句，形容詞，名詞以及介詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。12．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Chinese highspeed railways are a very fortable way to travel. They are clean, quiet and________(efficiency). China ________ (lead) other developing countries and even some developed ones in this field since the first highspeed train came into use in 2008. The stations are ________ (main) built outside the town center, but local transport has been lengthened ________ (connect) the highspeed network. The ________ (facility) on the train are new and the staff are well trained. Even the second class chairs provide plenty of space. The passages are wide and you can move easily, not ________ (disturb) anyone. You can use your mobile phone or work on your laptop, having access ________ the Internet. There is also a restaurant car, though the kinds of food ________ (be) limited. The toilets arc large, clean and userfriendly too. The train almost doesn39。t rock. Even when the train brakes, you can hardly feel it shake. What39。s more, with a faster checkin, the highspeed trains are also ________ (little) affected by weather than planes. Seldom are ________delayed or cancelled for weather condition. Therefore, they have bee the first choice for many passengers.【答案】 efficient；has led；mainly；to connect；facilities；disturbing；to；are；less；they 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一種非常舒適的旅行方式——高速鐵路。 （1）考查形容詞。句意：它們干凈的、安靜的并且高效的。and是并列連詞，前面的clean, quiet都是形容詞，應用efficiency的形容詞形式，故填efficient。 （2）考查時態(tài)。句意：自2008年第一列高速列車投入使用以來，中國在這一領域領先于其他發(fā)展中國家，甚至一些發(fā)達國家。since“自從”，常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用；lead 是不規(guī)則動詞，過去式led,過去分詞led。故填has led。 （3）考查副詞。句意：這些車站主要建在城鎮(zhèn)中心以外。修飾過去分詞built用副詞,故填 mainly 。 （4）考查非謂語動詞。句意：但當?shù)氐慕煌ㄒ呀?jīng)延長，以連接高速鐵路網(wǎng)絡。此處用不定式作目的狀語， 故填to connect。 （5）考查名詞。句意：高鐵上的設施很新，工作人員受過良好的培訓。所填空在句子中作主語，根據(jù)謂語動詞are 可知,主語應該用復數(shù)形式，故填 facilities。 （6）考查非謂語動詞。句意：通道很寬，你可以輕松地走動，而不會打擾任何人。句子的謂語動詞是can move，故此處用非謂語動詞作狀語，disturb與邏輯主語you是主動關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語。故填disturbing 。 （7）考查介詞。句意：你可以使用手機或在筆記本電腦上工作，可以訪問互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。have access to固定短語，“有使用/進入….的權利/機會”。故填to。 （8）考查主謂一致。句意：還有一節(jié)餐車，盡管食物種類有限。句子主語的中心詞是the kinds, 謂語動詞應該用復數(shù)形式，故填 are。 （9）考查副詞。句意：高鐵也比飛機更少地受到天氣的影響。根據(jù)后面的than可知little 應該用比較級，little的比較級是less，最高級是least，故填less。 （10）考查代詞。句意：他們很少被推遲或因天氣原因被取消。否定副詞seldom置于句首，句子應該用部分倒裝，將助動詞are提前, 所填空為句子的主語, 根據(jù)下一句they have bee the first choice可知應填they指代上一句出現(xiàn)的the highspeed trains。故填they。 【點評】本題考點涉及形容詞，時態(tài)，副詞，非謂語動詞，名詞，介詞，主謂一致，代詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 13．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（不多于3個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Vegetarianism(素食主義)is being one rising trend in the UK, as more people are deciding not ________(eat) meat and animal products. Vegetarians are people who don39。t eat meat, while vegans are people who don39。t eat or use any animal products at all. These lifestyles ________(bee) more wellknown in the UK. ________ are Britons cutting out meat? Many are unhappy about the poor treatment of animals and the effects of meat and fish production ________ the environment. ________(worry) about food safety and foodborne illnesses, such as mad cow disease, have also played a part. Others choose to change their eating habits in order to bee ________ (healthy). According to the Vegetarian Society, a meatfree diet can help reduce ________ risk of certain cancers, as well as heart disease and high blood pressure. Organic farming is ________ rising trend that is appearing in the UK. Many people are rejecting genetically modified(轉基因的)food and want their food to be ________(organic) produced. Organic farmers use very few or no chemicals. Organic meat ________(produce) without the use of drugs.【答案】 to eat；are being；Why；on；Worries；healthier；the；another；organically；is produced 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，素食主義在英國逐漸增加，越來越多的英國人決定不食用肉類和動物產(chǎn)品。根據(jù)素食協(xié)會的說法，無肉飲食可以幫助降低某些癌癥、心臟病和高血壓的風險。 （1）考查非謂語動詞。句意：素食主義在英國正成為一種上升趨勢，越來越多的人決定不吃肉和動物制品。decide to do固定短語，“決定做……”。故填to eat。 （2）考查時態(tài)。句意：這種生活方式在英國越來越出名。根據(jù)語境可知，此處應使現(xiàn)在進行時，表示逐漸變化的過程。故填is being。 （3）考查疑問詞。根據(jù)下文“許多人對虐待動物以及肉類和魚類生產(chǎn)的影響感到不滿”可知，此處指“為什么英國人不吃肉？”故填Why。 （4）考查介詞。句意：許多人對虐待動物以及肉類和魚類生產(chǎn)對環(huán)境的影響感到不滿。have an effect on固定短語，“對……有影響”。故填on。 （5）考查名詞。句意：對食品安全和像瘋牛病這樣的食源性疾病的擔憂也起到了一定的作用。根據(jù)句意及謂語動詞have可知，此處應使用名詞復數(shù)。故填Worries。 （6）考查形容詞。句