【正文】 earning to tell the truth, even at the risk of punishment, is an important part of moral （道德） development, and new research suggests it can take seven or more years for kids to get there. Early 2017 Professor Craig E. Smith published a study. He and his workmates chose 48 children between four and nine years of age. They told the kids a story about a boy or girl doing something wrong, such as taking a classmate39。s toy or candy, and then either lying about the wrong doing to a parent or confessing （承認(rèn)） it. In each case, they asked the children, How would the child feel? How would the mother feel? The children39。s answers were generally divided according to age, which is in agreement with the stolen candy, lying and getting unpunished. They imagined the parent in the study would be angry with the child who confessed. However, the seventonineyearolds were more possible （可能的） to think the child would feel better confessing the crime and that the parent would have positive （積極的） feelings towards a confessor. Smith says, kids of all ages who expect that a parent would feel happy about a child39。s confession are more likely to tell the truth rather than lie. Reward the honesty even if you feel you must punish the wrong action. He adds, what parents can learn from these studies is to listen calmly without getting angry right away when their child confesses.（1）What does the underlined word denial in Paragraph I mean? A.委屈B.責(zé)備C.否認(rèn)D.拒絕（2）Paragraph 2 mainly tell us . A.kids can39。t tell right from wrongB.it takes time for kids to learn to tell the truthC.it39。s wrong to punish kids for telling the truthD.all the kids are willing to confess to a bad act（3）What did Professor Smith and his workmates find in their study? A.Older kids are more possible than younger children to confess to a bad act.B.Younger children are more possible than older kids to confess to a bad act.C.The fourtofiveyearolds would feel better confessing the crimeD.The seventonineyearolds thought parents would be angry with their confessions.（4）According to Professor Smith, what can parents learn from these studies? A.Parents should at once punish the children who lied.B.Parents should tell children the wrongness of lying.C.Parents should never get angry after their children39。s confessions.D.Parents should show positive feeling about their children39。s confessions.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文講述了孩子做錯(cuò)事該誠(chéng)實(shí)還是說(shuō)謊，最后給了父母幾點(diǎn)建議。 （1）推斷題。根據(jù)后文提到 I didn39。t do it 可知，劃?rùn)M線單詞的意思為否定，故選C。 （2）主旨題。根據(jù)第二段的意義可知，誠(chéng)實(shí)對(duì)孩子而言需要花費(fèi)時(shí)間養(yǎng)成，故選B。 （3）推斷題。根據(jù)文章提到的 However, the seventonineyearolds were more possible to think the child would feel better confessing the crime and that the parent would have positive feelings towards a confessor 可知，大一點(diǎn)的孩子會(huì)選擇承認(rèn)自己的錯(cuò)誤，故選A。 （4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章提到的 He adds, what parents can learn from these studies is to listen calmly without getting angry right away when their child confesses 可知，父母不該懲罰誠(chéng)實(shí)的孩子，故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種常考題型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。9．閱讀理解 Have you ever stayed in a hotel? Most Chinese hotels often provide guests with things like disposable （一次性的） toothbrushes, toothpaste, shampoo and slippers. Many guests like the idea because they don39。t have to bring their own. But, if you travel to Beijing, remember to bring your own things. Starting from June, some hotels in Beijing will no longer provide guests with these disposables. They want to ask people to use less disposable things. Many disposable things are made of plastic. People throw them away after only using them once. It is a waste of natural resources （資源） and is very bad for the environment. Do you know, one Chinese person makes as much as 400kg of waste a year! Most of that waste es from disposable things. In Beijing, people throw away about 19,000 tons of plastic bags and 1,320 tons of plastic lunch bowls every year! Plastic can take between 100 and 400 years to break down. So the less plastic we throw out, the better. So, wherever you travel, bring your own things and use them again and again. Back at home and school, you can also do something to make our world a better place. Try to do these things in your daily life: Use cloth shopping bags, not plastic ones. After using a plastic bag, wash it out and let it dry. Then you can use it over and over again. Do not use paper cups. At your school canteen（食堂）, use your own bowl and chopsticks instead of disposable ones.（1）Why do many hotels provide guests with some disposable things? A.Let their guests be convenient during their travelling.B.Hope their guests use less disposable things.C.Wish their guests to save money.D.Want their guests to use more disposable things.（2）Some Beijing hotels will no longer provide guests with ____. A.cheap food and drinkB.disposable thingsC.good serviceD.free TV programs（3）Which of the following is NOT true? A.Many disposable things are made of plastic.B.Throwing disposable things away is a waste of natural resources.C.Plastic is very bad for the environment.D.Plastic breaks down easily.（4）What can we do to make our world a better place at home and school? A.Use shopping bags made of plastic.B.Do not throw away paper cups.C.Use disposable plates, bowls and chopsticks.D.Do not forget to reuse daily necessities（日用品）.（5）We can tell from the story that ____. A.people don39。t like disposable things at allB.we can39。t use paper or plastic bowls at schoolC.we should use less plastic things and protect our environmentD.hotels won39。t provide disposable things because they want to save money【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）D（4）D（5）C 【解析】【分析】大意：本文講述一次性用品浪費(fèi)自然資源而且對(duì)環(huán)境有害，北京的一些酒店將不再為客人提供這些一次性用品。他們想讓人們少用一次性用品。倡導(dǎo)人們用布制購(gòu)物袋而不用塑料袋。 （1）推斷題。根據(jù)Many guests like the idea because they don39。t have to bring their ，讓他們的客人在其旅游中方便，故選A。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)some hotels in Beijing will no longer provide guests with these ，一些北京旅館將不再給顧客提供一次性用品，故選B。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Plastic can take between 100 and 400 years to break ，塑料要花費(fèi)100到400年才分解，所以不容易分解，故選D。 （4）推斷題。根據(jù)So, wherever you travel, bring your own things and use them again and ，讓我們的世界在家里和學(xué)校變得更美好，我們應(yīng)該重復(fù)使用日