【正文】 墨西哥墨西哥政府為了提高空氣質(zhì)量，在實(shí)施車輛禁令時(shí)提供免費(fèi)巴士和地鐵。他們希望城市應(yīng)該是無(wú)車區(qū)。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month.”可知，墨西哥是通過(guò)每周有一天禁止私人和聯(lián)邦車輛來(lái)禁止車輛進(jìn)入城市的。故選A。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“The city ordered some of the area39。s cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides.”可知，墨西哥政府在實(shí)施車輛禁令時(shí)提供免費(fèi)巴士和地鐵。故選B。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最中的“The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality.”可知，擁擠費(fèi)有助于改善墨西哥的空氣質(zhì)量。故選D。(4)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)最后一段中的“For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region39。s rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air.”可知，城市應(yīng)該是無(wú)車區(qū)。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Dodder is an unusual and unwanted plant that attacks other plants. Except for its flowers, the plant looks like spaghetti, a kind of noodles in the shape of long thin pieces that look like string when they are cooked. It39。s almost leafless, threadlike stems hang down on top of other plants that dodder needs to stay alive. Dodder does not produce its own food. Instead, it steals food from other plants. It feeds by sucking juices from the plant which is wrapped around, often making its host very weak or even killing it. Dodder can find other plants by their smell. When a young dodder plant starts growing, it follows the smell of plants it prefers, like tomato plants, potato plants, or other farm crops. Unlike most plants that usually grow in the direction of light or warmth, a dodder plant will grow in the direction of, for example, tomato smell—if a tomato happens to be growing nearby. However, a young dodder plant must find a host plant quickly. It no longer needs its root once it is attached to the host and wrapped around it. If it cannot catch a smell of a potential host within a few days, it will dry up and vanish even if there is plenty of water around. Once it finds a host, the young dodder plant will attach itself to it and start growing faster. At that point the dodder plant will drop its root. Dodder is thus a difficult weed to manage and a real headache for farmers. When it does get out of hand, dodder can greatly reduce a farmer39。s harvest or even destroy crops pletely. Before sowing their produce, especially farmers in warm parts of the world often check to make sure no unwanted dodder seeds have mixed with their crop seeds. This is a good way to stop dodder plants from making their way to a crop field secretly.（1）Why does the author mention spaghetti in the first paragraph? A.To analyze the content of some food.B.To introduce the topic of this passage.C.To tell the usage of the dodder plants.D.To describe the shape of dodder plants.（2）What does the underlined word “vanish” in the third paragraph mean? A.invade.B.grow.C.escape.D.disappear.（3）What can be inferred from the passage? A.Dodder doesn39。t produce its own food.B.Dodder gives off smell to attract plants.C.Dodder can affect farmers39。 ine.D.Dodder can only survive in the shade.（4）What is the purpose of the passage? A.To introduce a new variety of farm crops.B.To introduce plants that are harmful to humans.C.To introduce the special abilities of a dangerous plant.D.To introduce recent improvements in farming methods.【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）C（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了一種有特殊生長(zhǎng)習(xí)性，危害農(nóng)作物生長(zhǎng)的攀附植物——菟絲子。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Except for its flowers, the plant looks like spaghetti, a kind of noodles in the shape of long thin pieces that look like string when they are cooked.”可推斷，作者把菟絲子和意大利面條相比是用人們熟悉的東西來(lái)說(shuō)明它的形狀，故選D。(2)考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“If it cannot catch a smell of a potential host within a few days, it will dry up”可知，菟絲子如果不能很快找到可以寄生的植物，它就會(huì)變干，因此推斷即使周圍有許多水它也會(huì)消失死亡。故畫線詞“vanish”與D項(xiàng)disappear“消失”意義相近。故選D。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“When it does get out of hand, dodder can greatly reduce a farmer39。s harvest or even destroy crops pletely.”可知，當(dāng)菟絲子失去控制，也就是瘋狂的生長(zhǎng)，菟絲子可以極大減少農(nóng)民的收成，甚至完全摧毀莊稼。因此推斷菟絲子會(huì)影響農(nóng)民們的收入。故選C。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Dodder is an unusual and unwanted plant that attacks other plants.”和下文對(duì)菟絲子特殊的生長(zhǎng)習(xí)性和危害的敘述可知，文章的寫作目的是主要介紹這種特殊又有危害的植物——菟絲子。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀理解 Have you ever lost your car on a parking lot? It happens. You park and go shopping. When you get back, you have no idea where your car is. It can be discouraging. You don39。t need to install (安裝) an expensive GPS system to keep track of your car. That39。s too expensive. You would need to pay a monthly subscription fee just to use it. But is there a way to track your vehicle without spending a fortune? Yes, now there is! A Californiabased startup pany was able to make this a reality. They created a tiny device (裝置）that works with your smartphone, and it could be exactly what you39。re looking for! It39。s called TrackR Bravo. It39。s changing the way we keep track of the important things in our lives. Install the free TrackR app on your smartphone, connect the app to your device and you39。re ready to go! Simply attach TrackR to whatever you want to keep an eye on. The entire process of setting it up only takes 5 minutes or less. You can attach it to your keys, wallet and anything else you don39。t want to lose. Then use the TrackR app to find where your missing item are in seconds. Forget expensive GPS systems or tracking services. Nobody wants to pay expensive monthly subscription fees. We understand