【正文】 sed to do in the program? A.Provide medical insurance for the poor.B.Support young people to find water resource.C.Start small businesses to help your host family.D.Help to raise the living standard of poor people.（2）What can you get from the program? A.A special experience.B.A positive attitude.C.A prize of 163。800.D.A leader position.（3）What type of writing is this text? A.An investigation.B.A report.C.A journal.D.An advertisement.【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了ICS志愿項(xiàng)目的招聘信息。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)You will contribute to sustainable development and make a real difference to the lives of people living in poverty.可知，在這個(gè)志愿項(xiàng)目里，你將為可持續(xù)發(fā)展作出貢獻(xiàn)，,真正改變貧困人口的生活，也就是說(shuō)你應(yīng)該幫助提高窮人的生活水平，故選D。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)You39。ll have a pletely unique experience.可知，通過(guò)這個(gè)志愿項(xiàng)目，你會(huì)獲得一次獨(dú)特的體驗(yàn)，故選A。 （3）考查推理判斷?？v觀全文可知,本文介紹了ICS志愿項(xiàng)目的招聘信息，因此本文是一則廣告，故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇廣告類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀理解 We talk continuously about how to make children more resilient (有恢復(fù)力的)，but whatever we39。re doing, it39。s not working. Rates of anxiety disorders and depression are rising rapidly among teenagers. What are we doing wrong? Nassim Taleb invented the word antifragile and used it to describe a small but very important class of systems that gain from shocks, challenges, and disorder. The immune (免疫的) system is one of them: it requires exposure to certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens (過(guò)敏原) in childhood in order to develop to its full ability. Children39。s social and emotional abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems. If we overprotect kids and keep them safe from unpleasant social situations and negative emotions, we deprive (剝奪) them of the challenges and opportunities for selfbuilding they need to grow strong. Such children are likely to suffer more when exposed later to other unpleasant but ordinary life events, such as teasing and social rejection. It39。s not the kids39。 fault. In the UK, as in the US, parents became much more fearful in the1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone, more and more, to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents that now occur less and less. Outdoor play and independent mobility went down。 screen time and adultmonitored activities went up. Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement, take small risks, and learn to master small dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical petence. Depriving them of free play prevents their socialemotional growth. Norwegian play researchers Ellen Sandseter and Leif Kennair warned: We may observe an increased anxiety or mental disorders in society if children are forbidden from participating in age adequate risky play. They wrote those words in 2011. Over the following few years, their prediction came true. Kids born after 1994 are suffering from much higher rates of anxiety disorders and depression than did the previous generation. Besides, there is also a rise in the rate at which teenage girls are admitted to hospital for deliberately harming themselves. What can we do to change these trends? How can we raise kids strong enough to handle the ordinary and extraordinary challenges of life? We can39。t guarantee that giving primary school children more independence today will bring down the rate of teenage suicide tomorrow. The links between childhood overprotection and teenage mental illness are suggestive but not clearcut. Yet there are good reasons to suspect that by depriving our naturally antifragile kids of the wide range of experiences they need to bee strong, we are systematically preventing their growth. We should let go173。and let them grow.（1）Why does the author mention the immune system in Paragraph 2? A.To stress its importance.B.To analyze the cause of anxiety.C.To question the latest discovery.D.To help understand a new word.（2）Parents overprotect children because . A.they are concerned about their children39。s safetyB.they want to keep children from being teasedC.parentmonitored activities are a mustD.children are not independent enough（3）According to the author, free play can . A.promote children39。s resilienceB.strengthen children39。s friendshipC.reduce children39。s risky behaviorD.develop children39。s leadership skills（4）Which of the following does the author probably agree with? A.Stop trying to perfect your child.B.It takes great courage to raise children.C.Prepare the child for the road, not the road for the child.D.While we try to teach our children all about life, our children teach us what life is all about.【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，論述的是不要過(guò)分保護(hù)孩子。作者認(rèn)為讓孩子為路做準(zhǔn)備，而不是為孩子準(zhǔn)備路。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的”Nassim Taleb invented the word’antifragile‘a(chǎn)nd used it to describe a small but very important class of systems that gain from shocks, challenges, and disorder. The immune (免疫的) system is one of them: it requires exposure to certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens (過(guò)敏原) in childhood in order to develop to its full ability.“納西姆塔勒布發(fā)明了抗脆弱這個(gè)詞，并使用它來(lái)描述一個(gè)很小但非常重要的系統(tǒng)類(lèi)別，它從沖擊、挑戰(zhàn)和混亂中獲益。免疫系統(tǒng)就是其中之一:它需要在兒童時(shí)期接觸某些種類(lèi)的細(xì)菌和潛在的過(guò)敏原，以充分發(fā)展其能力?？芍?，作者在第二段中提到免疫系統(tǒng)是為了幫助理解一個(gè)新單詞antifragile。故選D。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的”It39。s not the kids39。 fault. In the UK, as in the US, parents became much more fearful in the1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone, more and more, to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents that now occur less and less.“這不是孩子們的錯(cuò)。在英國(guó)，就像在美國(guó)一樣，父母?jìng)冊(cè)?0世紀(jì)80年代和90年代變得更加害怕，因?yàn)橛芯€電視和后來(lái)的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)讓每個(gè)人越來(lái)越多地暴露在那些現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越少發(fā)生的罕見(jiàn)的犯罪和事故面前?？芍改高^(guò)分保護(hù)孩子，因?yàn)樗麄儞?dān)心孩子的安全。故選A。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的”Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement, take small risks, and learn to master small dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical pe