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模式之間的關(guān)系,十二項(xiàng)基本原理,9.持續(xù)改進(jìn),38,第三十八頁(yè),共八十四頁(yè)。,建立和實(shí)施質(zhì)量管理體系的途徑包括下列步驟: 確定顧客的需要和期望; 制定組織的質(zhì)量方針和目標(biāo); 確定達(dá)到目標(biāo)所需要的過(guò)程和職責(zé); 4 、對(duì)每一過(guò)程達(dá)到質(zhì)量目標(biāo)的有效性確 定方法;,質(zhì)量管理體系方法,39,第三十九頁(yè),共八十四頁(yè)。,應(yīng)用測(cè)量方法確定每一過(guò)程的現(xiàn)行有效性 確定防止不合格和消除其原因的措施; 尋找改進(jìn)過(guò)程有效性和效率的機(jī)會(huì); 確定提供最佳效果的改進(jìn),并進(jìn)行優(yōu)先排序;,質(zhì)量管理體系方法,40,第四十頁(yè),共八十四頁(yè)。,對(duì)策略、過(guò)程和資源進(jìn)行策劃,實(shí)施已 明確的改進(jìn); 實(shí)施計(jì)劃; 1監(jiān)測(cè)改進(jìn)效果; 1對(duì)照預(yù)期的結(jié)果對(duì)成果進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià); 1評(píng)審改進(jìn)活動(dòng)以確定適宜的后續(xù)措施。,質(zhì)量管理體系方法,41,第四十一頁(yè),共八十四頁(yè)。,Process : system of activities which uses resources to transform inputs into outputs. 過(guò)程:使用資源將輸入轉(zhuǎn)化為輸出的活動(dòng)體系。,七、術(shù)語(yǔ) (1),42,第四十二頁(yè),共八十四頁(yè)。,七、術(shù)語(yǔ) (2),Quality : ability of a set of inherent characteristics of a product, system or process to fulfil requirements of customers and other interested parties. 質(zhì)量:產(chǎn)品、體系或過(guò)程的一組內(nèi)在特性滿足顧客和其它受益者要求的能力。,43,第四十三頁(yè),共八十四頁(yè)。,Requirement : need or expectation that is stated, customarily implied or obligatory. 要求:明確的、習(xí)慣上隱含的或強(qiáng)制的需要或期望。 Document : information and its support medium 文件:信息及其承載媒體。,七、術(shù)語(yǔ) (3),44,第四十四頁(yè),共八十四頁(yè)。,Quality requirement : requirement for inherent characteristics of a product, process or system. 質(zhì)量要求:對(duì)產(chǎn)品、過(guò)程或體系內(nèi)在特性的要求。,七、術(shù)語(yǔ) (4),45,第四十五頁(yè),共八十四頁(yè)。,七、術(shù)語(yǔ) (5),Customer dissatisfaction : customer’s opinion of the degree to which a transaction has failed to meet the customer’s needs and expectation. 顧客不滿意:顧客對(duì)某一交易未滿足顧客需要和期望的程度所持的看法。,46,第四十六頁(yè),共八十四頁(yè)。,七、術(shù)語(yǔ) (6),Capability : ability of an organization, system or process to realize a product that fulfils the requirements for that product. 能力:指某組織、體系或過(guò)程實(shí)現(xiàn)滿足該產(chǎn)品要求的產(chǎn)品的能力。,47,第四十七頁(yè),共八十四頁(yè)。,七、術(shù)語(yǔ) (7),Quality policy : overall intentions and direction of an organization related to quality as formally expressed by top management. 質(zhì)量方針:由組織的最高管理者正式發(fā)布的該組織總的質(zhì)量宗旨和方向。,48,第四十八頁(yè),共八十四頁(yè)。,七、術(shù)語(yǔ) (8),Quality objective : something sought, or aimed for, related to quality. 質(zhì)量目標(biāo):有關(guān)質(zhì)量所追求或旨在達(dá)到的事物。 注:質(zhì)量目標(biāo)應(yīng)在組織不同層面作出規(guī)定。質(zhì)量目標(biāo)在操作層 應(yīng)是定量的。,49,第四十九頁(yè),共八十四頁(yè)。,七、術(shù)語(yǔ) (9),Quality management : coordinated activities to direct and control and organization with regard to quality. 質(zhì)量管理:在質(zhì)量方面指導(dǎo)和控制組織的協(xié)調(diào)的活動(dòng)。,50,第五十頁(yè),共八十四頁(yè)。,Quality management system : system to establish policy and objectives and to achieve those objectives. 質(zhì)量管理體系:建立質(zhì)量方針和目標(biāo)并實(shí)現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)的體系。,七、術(shù)語(yǔ) (10),51,第五十一頁(yè),共八十四頁(yè)。,七、術(shù)語(yǔ) (11),Top management : person or group of people who direct and control an organization at the highest level 最高管理者:在最高層指導(dǎo)和控制一個(gè)組織的一個(gè)或一組人。,52,第五十二頁(yè),共八十四頁(yè)。,七、術(shù)語(yǔ) (12),Quality planning : part of quality management focused on setting