【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 pened, one NES student summed up the difficulty of change when he told a reporter, and I quote him: “The real world is not so rational as on paper.” The real world is not so rational as on ，人們產(chǎn)生種種殷切的期待── 希望實現(xiàn)和平與繁榮；建立國家間的新秩序，以及為個人提供新機會。如同所有巨大變革的時期一樣，這是一個大展宏圖的時代，一個充滿無限機會的時代。然而，任何事物都不可能時時一帆風順，事事如人心愿。1993年，貴校成立后不久，新經(jīng)濟學院一位學生在接受記者采訪時概括了改革的艱難。他說道：“現(xiàn)實的世界并不像書本上那樣理性?！爆F(xiàn)實的世界并不像書本上那樣理性。Over two tumultuous decades, that truth has been borne out around the wealth has been created, but it has not eliminated vast pockets of crushing exists here, it exists in the United States, and it exists all around the people have gone to the ballot box, but too many governments still fail to protect the rights of their struggles have diminished, but they39。ve been replaced by conflicts over tribe and ethnicity and human being with a puter can hold the same amount of information stored in the Russian State Library, but that technology can also be used to do great ，這種說法的正確性在全世界得到證實。雖然創(chuàng)造出巨額財富，但它并未消除遍布四方的極度貧困。貧困在這里存在，在美國存在，在全世界存在。有更多的人參加了投票，但仍有太多國家的政府仍舊未能保護本國人民的權(quán)利。意識形態(tài)的斗爭逐漸減少，但代之而起的是部落、種族和宗教沖突。一個擁有電腦的人可以擁有與俄羅斯國家圖書館（Russian State Library）等量的信息，但這種技術(shù)也可被用于制造嚴重傷害。In a new Russia, the disappearance of old political and economic restrictions after the end of the Soviet Union brought both opportunity and few prospered, but many more did were tough the Russian people showed strength and made sacrifices, and you achieved hardearned progress through a growing economy and greater despite painful times, many in Eastern Europe and Russia are much better off today than 20 years ，舊的政治與經(jīng)濟束縛隨著蘇聯(lián)的解體而消失，這既帶來機遇，也造成困苦。一些人致富了，但更多的人沒有。曾有過艱難的時期。但俄羅斯人民顯示了堅韌不拔的力量，作出了犧牲，通過經(jīng)濟增長取得了來之不易的進步，并且增強了信心。盡管經(jīng)歷了痛苦，但東歐和俄羅斯很多人的生活比20年前大大改善。We see that progress here at NESa school founded with Western support that is now distinctly Russian。a place of learning and inquiry where the test of an idea is not whether it is Russian or American or European, but whether it all, we see that progress in all of youyoung people with a young century to shape as you see ——在新經(jīng)濟學院，看到了這種進步。這個在西方支持下成立的學院如今具有鮮明的俄羅斯特色，成為從事研究與探索的學府；在這里，檢驗一個理念的標準不在于它是俄羅斯的、美國的、還是歐洲的，而是看它是否行得通。最重要的是，我們從你們所有人——將按自己的意愿去塑造一個年輕世紀的年輕人——身上看到這種進步。Your lifetime coincides with this era of think about the fundamental questions asked when this school was kind of future is Russia going to have? What kind of future are Russia and America going to have together? What world order will replace the Cold War? Those questions still don39。t have clear answers, and so now they must be answered by youby your generation in Russia, in America, and around the get to while I cannot answer those questions for you, I can speak plainly about the future that America is 。想一想在這個學院剛成立時所提出的一些基本問題：俄羅斯將有什么樣的未來？俄羅斯和美國將有什么樣的共同未來？會有什么樣的世界秩序取代冷戰(zhàn)？對這些問題仍然沒有明確的答案，因此它們必須由你們來回答——由在俄羅斯、美國和全世界的你們這一代人來回答。決定將由你們作出。雖然我無法替你們回答這些問題，但我可以明了地談一談美國正在尋求的未來。To begin with, let me be clear: America wants a strong, peaceful, and prosperous belief is rooted in our respect for the Russian people, and a shared history between our nations that goes beyond our past rivalry, our people were allies in the greatest struggle of the last , I noted this when I was in Normandyfor just as men from Boston and Birmingham risked all that they had to storm those beaches and scale those cliffs, Soviet soldiers from places like Kazan and Kiev endured unimaginable hardships to repealto repel an invasion, and turn the tide in the President John Kennedy said, “No nation in history of battle ever suffered more than the Soviet Union in the Second World War.” 首先，我要清楚表明：美國希望有一個強大、和平和繁榮的俄羅斯。這一信念植根于我們對俄羅斯人民的尊敬以及兩國間超越競爭關(guān)系的共同歷史。盡管兩國曾互為對手，但兩國人民在上一世紀最偉大的斗爭中互為聯(lián)盟。最近，我在諾曼底（Normandy）時曾指出這一點：如同來自波士頓和伯明翰的戰(zhàn)士奮不顧身攻上海灘、登上懸崖一樣，來自喀山（Kazan）、基輔（Kiev）等地的蘇聯(lián)士兵忍受了難以想象的艱難困苦，取消了——擊退了入侵，在東線扭轉(zhuǎn)了局勢。誠如約翰?肯尼迪（John Kennedy）總統(tǒng)所說，“在戰(zhàn)爭史上，任何國家都不曾遭受過蘇聯(lián)在二次世界大戰(zhàn)中所遭受的那種苦難?！盨o as we honor this past, we also recognize the future benefit that will e from a strong and vibrant of the issues that will define your lives: security from nuclear weapons and extremism。access to markets and opportunity。health and the environment。an international system that protects sovereignty and human rights, while promoting stability and challenges demand global partnership, and that partnership will be stronger if Russia occupies its rightful place as a great ，在銘記這一歷史的同時，我們也認識到一個強大、富有生機的俄羅斯對未來的有益作用。想一想這些將決定你們生活的問題：不受核武器和極端主義傷害；市場準入和機會；衛(wèi)生與環(huán)境；保護國家主權(quán)與人權(quán)并促進穩(wěn)定與繁榮的國際體系。應(yīng)對這些挑戰(zhàn)必須靠全球合作，如果俄羅斯占在它應(yīng)有的大國位置上，這種合作關(guān)系會更為有力。Yet unfortunately, there is sometimes a sense that old assumptions must prevail, old ways of thinking。a conception of power that is rooted in the past rather than in the is the 20th century view that the United States and Russia are destined to be antagonists, and that a strong Russia or a strong America can only assert themselves in opposition to one there is a 19th century view that we are destined to vie for spheres of influence, and that great powers must forge peting blocs to balance one ，令人遺憾的是，有時存在著一種感覺，認為昔日的設(shè)想，過去的思維方式一定占上風；一種基于過去而非基于未來的實力觀。有一種20世紀的觀念，認為美國與俄羅斯注定互為對手，認為一個強大的俄羅斯或強大的美國惟有在相互對立中才可顯示自己的威力。還有一種19世紀的觀念，認為我們注定要爭奪勢力范圍，認為大國只有形成相互爭奪的集團，才可達到平衡。These assumptions are 2009, a great power does not show strength by dominating or demonizing other days when empires could treat sovereign states as pieces on a chess board are I said in Cairo, given our independence, any world order thatgiven our interdependence, any world order that tries to elevate one nation or one group of people over another will inevitably pursuit of power is no longer a zerosum gameprogress must be 。在2009年，一個強國不是靠控制或妖魔化其他國家顯示實力。帝國可以將主權(quán)國家當棋盤上的棋子擺布的時代已經(jīng)結(jié)束。如我在開羅所說，鑒于我們的獨立，任何世界秩序——鑒于我們的相互依存，任何企圖使一個國家或一個群體凌駕于另一個國家或另一群體之上的世界秩序必將失敗。尋求實力不再是零和游戲——進步必須共享。That39。s why I have called for a “reset” in relations between the United States and must be more than a fresh start between the Kremlin and the White Housethough that is important and I39。ve had excellent discussions with both your President and your Prime must be a sustained effort among the American and R