【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ”. .: (1) 割麥如救火。 (2) 剩秧如剩草，缺秧如缺寶。 (3) A good friend is as the sun in winter. (4) A black plum is as sweet as a white. Metaphor is a figure of speech, which concisely pares two things by saying that one is the other. It does not literally denote in order to imply a resemblance. .: (1) Time is father of truth. (2) Failure is the mother of success. (3) 一寸光陰一寸金。 (4) 謊言怕真理，黑暗怕光明。 10 Repetition is another rhetorical device used to express strong feelings or emphasize some meanings. .: (1) Harm set, harm get. (2) Many lords, many laws. (3) 哪個(gè)老虎不吃人，哪個(gè)地主不狠心。 (3) 種瓜得瓜 ，種豆得豆。 Gorky said that, “the true art is authorized to exaggerate.” Hyperbole is an exaggeration used to give emphasis and strike the readers deeply. .: (1) A thousand years can not repair a moment’s loss of honor. (2) It was the last straw that broke the camel’s back. (3) 谷子 栽得稀 ，不夠喂小雞。 (4) 壞事傳千里。 The exaggeration is not false. It es from the true feelings and bases on reality. Apart from the above rhetorical devices, there are other devices. They are antithesis, synecdoche, personification, etc. The use of rhetorical devices makes proverbs fresh, humorous, implicit and full of wit. Though English and Chinese proverbs enjoy the similar origins, they also have differences in their detailed contents. We will discuss their differences from the following aspects: different word expressions, different history customs, different religious and different thinking habits. 3. Differences between English and Chinese proverbs. Language is strongly influenced and shaped by culture. Language is the mirror of culture. It can represent every aspect of culture. Proverb is an important part of a national language and they reflect the relation between culture and language.（田靜，2021： 82） . Different nations have different culture. Generally speaking, the major differences lie in geography, history customs, words expressions, religions and 11 thinking habits. As a result, English and Chinese proverbs are different in the detailed contents. Reflecting different words expressions Because cultures have influences to languages .So different cultures influence the languages differently. Proverbs are the mirror of the national characteristics. Therefore, there are differences in thoughts and word expressions reflected in the proverbs. Sometimes they are in contrast. (羅虹， 2021： 99). .: (1) The pot calls the kettle black. 烏鴉笑豬黑。 (2) There is no smoke without fire. 無(wú)風(fēng)不起浪。 (3) The burnt child dreads the fire. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井繩。（吳友富， 2021： 248） (4) As you make your bed, so you must lie on it. 作繭自縛。 (5) Like a hen on a hot girdle. 像熱鍋上的螞蟻。 Those proverbs are a bit difficult in understanding. Because in both Chinese and English proverbs they use pletely different words to express the meaning. Reflecting different living customs The differences between Chinese and English living customs are reflected in many aspects. But the most typical one may show on the attitude toward “dog”. In the western value concepts, dog is the best loved pet. It represents honesty.（王秀芬，2021： 42） . The westerners never eat dog meat. In English, most of the proverbs that relate to dogs are positive. .: (1) Help a lame dog over a stile. (2) You are a lucky dog. 12 (3) Love me love my dog. (4) Old dog will not learn new tricks. (5) Every dog has its day. In the traditional concepts of Chinese people. Dogs are humble animals. Most Chinese proverbs have negative factors about dogs. .: (1) 狗咬呂洞賓，不識(shí)好人心。 (2) 狗眼看人低。 (3) 好狗不擋道 。 (4) 狗嘴里吐不出象牙。 (5) 狗急跳墻。 Although many people raise dogs as their pets in recent years, their values may have changed a lot. However, its negative image has deeply rooted in the Chinese culture. Chinese people like cat, they use cat to figure greedy, usually means intimate. But in the west culture, people usually regard cat as evil heart women. When speak of the “owl” westerners regard owl as wisdom. . “as wise as an owl” (像貓頭鷹一樣聰明 ). However, Chinese people have different concepts about it. They think that when one heard the sound of owl, he will have a bad luck. There was a word :“夜貓子進(jìn)宅” .It means something bad will happen in the house. Above all, we see that in different cultures people may have pletely different ideas about the same thing. Reflecting different thinking habits Because of the different culture backgrounds and living customs. There shaped the different thinking habits. In the rhetorical devices, Chinese and west people usually use different images: In the west, Helen was regarded as beauty, but in China, Xi Shi is the symbol of beauty. Westerners praise horses and west wind in their poems, because they advocate the challenge between human and nature. But Chinese people 13 prefer to praise Confucianism and east wind. They think human beings and nature can be bined to a whole unit. These concepts are deeply rooted in those two nations. No one can change them easily.（金惠康， 2021： 421） When “as strong as a horse” was translated as “壯如?！? （金惠康， 2021：421） . It may be equal in meaning. In the history of west countries, war broke out frequently. And horses are very important. People cannot live without them. There was a proverb in Shakespeare’s work: “A horse for a kingdom”. However, in Chinese history there was little invasion and people lead a happy life. Cows were regarded as their working tools. In China and the west, cows and horses were their own important daily tools. So we cannot translate “as strong as a horse” into “壯如馬 ”. Different history backgrounds shaped different thinking habits. .: (1) Two heads are better than one. 三個(gè)臭皮匠，頂過(guò)諸葛亮。 (2) Cast pearls before swine. 對(duì)牛彈琴。 Reflecting different religions Religion is a very important part of culture. Different religions reflect different cultural ch