【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 從句，譯為“直到??為止”，not ? till / until引導的時間狀語從句，譯為“直到??才”。前者強調(diào)主句動作的結(jié)束，用延續(xù)性動詞，后者強調(diào)主句動作的開始，用點動詞。比較until和till此兩個連詞意義相同?？隙ㄐ问奖硎镜囊馑际恰白瞿呈轮敝聊硶r”，動詞必須是延續(xù)性的。否定形式表達的意思是“直至某時才做某事”。動詞為延續(xù)性或非延續(xù)性都可以。正確使用這兩個連詞的關(guān)鍵之一就在于判斷句中的動詞該用肯定式還是否定式。肯定句：I slept until 。Wait till I call 。（在肯定句中可用before代替 Let39。s get in the wheat before the sun sets.）否定句：She didn39。t arrive until 6 o39。Don39。t get off the bus until it has 。I didn39。t manage to do it until you had explained ，我才會做。1)Until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what ，出了什么事我一點也不知道。2)Until when 疑問句中，until要放在句首。Until when are you staying? 你呆到什么時候？Until next 。注意：否定句可用另外兩種句式表示。(1）Not until ?在句首，主句用倒裝。Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat 世紀初，人類才知道熱能是什么。Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had ，我才認識到了我已蹉跎了幾多歲月。(2)It is not until? that?I will wait for my friend until / till he 。We won39。t start our discussion until / till he ，再開始我們的討論。地點狀語從句用法要點。常用where（哪里）和wherever（無論哪里）引導。Where there is a will, there is a ，事竟成。We will go wherever the motherland need us 。Where I live there are plenty of 。Wherever I am I will be thinking of 。方式狀語從句方式狀語從句通常由as,(just)as?so?, as if, as though引導。1）as,(just)as?so?引導的方式狀語從句通常位于主句后，但在(just)as?so?結(jié)構(gòu)中位于句首，這時as從句帶有比喻的含義，意思是“正如?”，“就像”，多用于正式文體，例如：Always do to the others as you would be done ，你就要怎樣待人。As water is to fish, so air is to ，猶如魚兒離不開水。Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our ，我們也要掃除我們頭腦中落后的東西。2）as if, as though兩者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語從句謂語多用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反，有時也用陳述語氣，表示所說情況是事實或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較大。漢譯常作“仿佛??似的”，“好像??似的”，例如：They pletely ignore these facts as if(as though)they never ，就仿佛它不存在似的。（與事實相反，謂語用虛擬語氣。）He looks as if(as though)he had been hit by 。（與事實相反，謂語用虛擬語氣。）It looks as if the weather may pick up very 。（實現(xiàn)的可能性較大，謂語用陳述語氣。）說明：as if / as though也可以引導一個分詞短語、不定式短語或無動詞短語，例如：He stared at me as if seeing me for first ，就像第一次看見我似的。He cleared his throat as if to say ，像要說什么似的。The waves dashed on the rocks as if in ，好像很憤怒。原因狀語從句用法要點。常用的引導連詞有because, as和since。三者的區(qū)別是：在回答問題的時候，使用because；對于顯而易見的原因，常用as或since；as和since的從句常放在主句之前，而because的從句常放在主句之后。Why did you go?I went because Tom told me to ？那是因為湯姆叫我去。He was angry not because we were late but because we made a ，而是因為我們弄出了聲音。As it was raining hard, we had to be ，我們只好呆在家里。Since you feel ill, you39。d better not go to ，你最好不要去上班了。比較：because, since, as和for1）because語勢最強，用來說明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的問題。當原因是顯而易見的或已為人們所知，就用as或 since。I didn39。t go, because I was /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our ）由because引導的從句如果放在句末，且前面有逗 號，則可以用for來代替。但如果不是說明直接原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用for。He is absent today, because / for he is must be ill, for he is absent 、目的狀語從句用法要點。常用的引導連詞有so that, that和in order that譯為：以便，為了，目的是。此外還有l(wèi)est, for fear that, in case等詞引導，例如，Please speak more slowly so that we can make full ，以便我們能作詳細筆記。I shall write down your address that I may not ，以免忘記。I sent the letter by air mail in order that it might reach him in ，以便他能及時收到。You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by wrote the name down for fear that(lest)he should forget take more clothes in case the weather is ：目的狀語從句可以用動詞不定式來替換做目的狀語We work harder than usualfinish it in a 成工作。結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句常由so? that 或 such?that引導，掌握這兩個句型，首先要了解so 和 such與其后的詞的搭配規(guī)律。比較：so和 such其規(guī)律由so與such的不同詞性決定。such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so 是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞。so 還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many, few, much, little連用，形成固定搭配。so foolishsuch a foolso nice a flowersuch a nice flowerso many / few flowerssuch nice flowersso much / little rapid progressso many peoplesuch a lot of people（so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 雖相當于 many，但 a lot of 為名詞性的，只能用such搭配。）so?that與such?that之間的轉(zhuǎn)換既為 so與such之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。The boy is so young that he can39。t go to is such a young boy that he can39。t go to school條件狀語從句用法要點。我們主要看一下由if引導的條件狀語從句。if 意為“如果”，引導條件狀語從句時，表示假如有從句的動作發(fā)生就(不)會有主句的動作發(fā)生。例如：If it doesn39。t rain tomorrow, we will go there by ，我們就騎自行車去那里。If I get there early, I can see the doctor ，我就可以快點看病。連接詞主要有 if, unless, as/so long