【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 lived ten years ago has been pulled 。I visited the farm where a lot of cows were 。Is this the place where they fought the enemy? 這是他們當(dāng)初打敵人的地方嗎？ 3． why 指原因，在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。Please tell me the reason why you missed the 。The reason why he was punished is unknown to 。I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy 。注意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)?？梢杂谩敖樵~+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示。如： From the years when / in which he was going to primary school in the country he had known what he wanted to be when he grew ，他就已經(jīng)知道長(zhǎng)大后要做什么。Great changes are taking place in the city where / in which they 。The reason why / for which he refused the invitation is quite 。五、限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句句型 意義 翻譯 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 只是對(duì)先行詞的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，如刪除，主句仍能表達(dá)完整的意思。通常譯成主句的并列句 限制性定語(yǔ)從句 是先行詞不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，如刪除，主句則失去意義或意思表達(dá)不完整。譯成先行詞的定語(yǔ)：“．．．的” 逗號(hào) that 限制性定語(yǔ)從句舉例： 有 不可用 無(wú) 可用 The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend 湯姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。China is a country which has a long 。In the street I saw a man who was from 。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句舉例 ： His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with ，對(duì)他要求很 嚴(yán)格。China, which was founded in 1949, is being more and more 成立的，現(xiàn)在正變得越來(lái)越強(qiáng)大。Last summer I visited the People’s Great Hall, in which many important meetings are held ev ery ，我參觀了人民大會(huì)堂，在那兒每年都要舉行許多重要會(huì)議。（一）只能用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的情況1．當(dāng)先行詞是everything, anything, nothing(除something), all, none, few, little, some等不定代詞時(shí)，或當(dāng)先行詞受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代詞修飾時(shí)。Have you taken down everything that said? 李老師講的你都記下來(lái)了嗎？ There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the 。All that can be done has been 。There is little that I can do for 。He stayed in the library and looked up any information that they 。(不重要，知道就行)注意：當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，偶爾也可用關(guān)系代詞who，如： Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a 。All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important 。2．當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。如： The first place that they visited in London was the Big 。3．當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。如： This is the best film that I have ever 。4．當(dāng)先行詞被the very（恰?。? the only（唯一）, the sane（同樣）, the last（最后）等詞修飾時(shí)。如： This is the very dictionary that I want to 。After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he ，那輛舊車(chē)成了他的唯一擁有。（不重要，知道就行）注意：當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，偶爾也可用關(guān)系代詞who。如： Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the 。5．當(dāng)先行詞前面有who, which等疑問(wèn)代詞時(shí)。如： Who is the man that is standing by the gate? 站在門(mén)口的那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)？ Which is the Tshirt that fits me most? 哪件T恤衫最合我的身？ 6．當(dāng)先行詞為人與動(dòng)物或人與物時(shí)。如： They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school 他們談?wù)撝麄兯苡浧鸬脑谛r(shí)的人和事。Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the 。，manner，measure等表示方法的詞和cause、reason、matter 等表示原因的詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如： The cause(in which)we support them is unquestionable.=The cause(why)we support them is unquestionable.=The cause(that)we support them is She admired the way（that）they solved the don’t like the way(that / in which)you laugh at 。（二）只能使用關(guān)系詞which不使用that的情況,不能使用關(guān)系詞that Bamboo is hollow, which makes it ，這使得它很輕?！敖樵~+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中,只能使用關(guān)系詞which,不能使用that This is the room in which Chairman Mao once 。（該句中的in which=where）在一個(gè)句子中有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞用了that, 另一個(gè)宜用which。Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to 。注：that引導(dǎo)的從句修飾先行詞the novel，which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞the library。當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞后面有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)。Here is the English grammar which,as I have told you, will help improve your 。注：句中倆逗號(hào)夾的那一部分就是插入語(yǔ)，為了不影響對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的理解，看到插入語(yǔ)類似這種的成分可以先劃掉，去分析其他部分的句子。先行詞為that時(shí)。The clock is thatwhich can tell us the 。注：該句也可以換成名詞性從句“The clock is what can tell us the time.”（三）關(guān)系代詞as和which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句as 和which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，其用法有相同之處，也有不同之處。具體情況 是：as 和which都可以在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，代表前面整個(gè)句子。如： He married her, as / which was ，這是很自然的事。He is honest, as / which we can ，這一點(diǎn)我們看得出來(lái)。as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至分割主句。which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只可放在主句之后。另外，as 常常有“正如、正像”的含義。如： As is known to all, China is a developing ，中國(guó)是發(fā)展中國(guó)家。He is from the south, as we can know from his ，這一點(diǎn)我們從他的口音可以知道。John, as you know, is a famous ，約翰是個(gè)著名作家。Zhang Hua has been to Paris more than ten times, which I don’t ，這一點(diǎn)我不相信。注意：當(dāng)主句和從句之間存在著邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時(shí)，關(guān)系詞往往只用which。如： Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very ，這使得老師很惱火。These tables are made of metal, which made them very ，這使得這些桌子很重。, the same 修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系詞常用as。如： I’ve never heard such stories as he 。He is not such a fool as he 。This is the same dictionary as I lost last 。注意：當(dāng)先行詞受the same 修飾時(shí)，偶爾也用 that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，但與as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句意思有區(qū)別。如： She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s 。She wore the same dress as her younger sister 。（四）關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的選擇用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句主要看關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的作用（即所擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑?。試比較： know a place where we can have a 。I know a place which / that is famous for its beautiful natural 。 will never forget the days when we spent our holidays 。I will never forget the days that / which we spent 。 is the reason why he was 。This is the reason that / which he explained to me for his not attending the 。（五）but有時(shí)也用作關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 There are very few but admire his 。（but = who don’t）同位語(yǔ)從句詳細(xì)講解一、定義及相關(guān)術(shù)語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)：一個(gè)名詞或代詞后面有時(shí)跟一個(gè)名詞或起名詞作用的成分，對(duì)前者進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。同位語(yǔ)從句一般用來(lái)解釋或說(shuō)明前面名詞的具體含義或內(nèi)容，在邏輯上表現(xiàn)為同位關(guān)系。同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有：關(guān)系代詞（that,，whether，what，which，who），關(guān)系副詞（when，where，why，how），通常由that引導(dǎo)。常用于同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有：advice（建議），demand（要求），information（信息），news（信息），order（命令），promise（答應(yīng)），request（要求），suggestion（建議），wish（希望），word(話),agreement（一致意見(jiàn)），assumption（假定），awareness（意識(shí)），belief（信仰），conclusion（結(jié)論），conviction（深信），decision（決定），delusion（錯(cuò)覺(jué)），determination（決心），discovery（發(fā)現(xiàn)），doubt（懷疑），dream（夢(mèng)想），evidence（證據(jù)），explanation（解釋），fact（事實(shí)），feeling（感覺(jué)），guarantee（保證），guess（猜測(cè)）,hope(希望),idea(觀點(diǎn)), knowledge(認(rèn)識(shí)),likelihood(可能性),message(信息), mind(想法), news(消息),notion(觀念),objection(反對(duì)),opinion(觀點(diǎn)),possibility(可能性),prediction(預(yù)測(cè)),probability(可能性),problem(問(wèn)題),proof(證據(jù)),proposal(建議),proposition(論點(diǎn)、主張),question(問(wèn)題),realization(認(rèn)識(shí)),rumor(傳聞),sign(跡象),truth(事實(shí)),theory(理論),thought(想法)，answer（回答）等等抽象名詞。例：The news that they had