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looks as if(as though)he had been hit by 。(與事實(shí)相反,謂語用虛擬語氣。)It looks as if the weather may pick up very 。(實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大,謂語用陳述語氣。)說明:as if / as though也可以引導(dǎo)一個(gè)分詞短語、不定式短語或無動(dòng)詞短語,例如:He cleared his throat as if to say ,像要說什么似的。The waves dashed on the rocks as if in ,好像很憤怒。其他的引導(dǎo)詞1)the way: Please pronounce the word the way I ,讀這個(gè)單詞。2)口語常用的like: He sit there smiling like it was his ,像是過生日似的。(這里用了虛擬語氣,值得注意的是be動(dòng)詞用的was,而表示虛擬as if引導(dǎo)的be動(dòng)詞則只能是were.)地點(diǎn)狀語從句表示地點(diǎn)、方位,這類從句通常由where,wherever引導(dǎo)。例如:Where there is a will, there is a ,事竟成。They will go where they are 。(七)地點(diǎn)狀語從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)地點(diǎn)狀語從句類型1)Where+地點(diǎn)從句。此句型通常譯成“哪里……哪里就……”或“的地方”。例如: Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or ,耕作是困難的,或根本不可能的。They were good they went, they were warmly 。因此他們走到哪里都受到熱烈歡迎。You should have put the book where you found must camp where we can get 。2)Anywhere/ wherever+地點(diǎn)從句,+主句。anywhere本身是個(gè)副詞,但是,常可以引導(dǎo)從句,相當(dāng)于連詞,意思相似于wherever, anywhere引導(dǎo)的從句可位于主句之前,也可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是個(gè)連詞,表示“在何處,無論何處”。例如:Wherever the sea is, you will find 。地點(diǎn)狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別二者區(qū)別在于分句在句中作什么成分。作狀語,則是狀語從句;作定語修飾名詞,則是定語從句。where引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí),從句前應(yīng)有一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞;而狀語從句前則無需先行詞。如:Go back where you came from.(where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句)你從何處來到何處去。Go back to the village where you came from.(where引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾village)回到你來的那個(gè)村子里去。地點(diǎn)狀語從句的省略,如:Fill in the blanks with articles necessary.(necessary前省略了where it is)在需要的地方填上冠詞。常見考法對(duì)于方式和地點(diǎn)狀語從句的考查,多以單選和完形填空的形式,從連詞的意義角度讓大家選擇連詞。典型例題:She looksshe is as ifB thoughC becauseD since解析:as if 表示“好像”,though 表示“盡管”,because表示“因?yàn)椤?,since 表示“既然”,從題干的意思“看上去她好象是生病了,:A誤區(qū)提醒單純考查地點(diǎn)狀語從句在初中階段考試中出現(xiàn)的并不多,這種從句多是在完形填空和閱讀短文中出現(xiàn),以考查學(xué)生的理解能力。它和定語從句的區(qū)別是容易出錯(cuò)的地方。典型例題:You should let your children play _________ you can see which解析:題干的意思是“你應(yīng)該讓你的孩子在你能看見的地方玩”,句中沒有表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞,所以不是定語從句。where 意為“在……的地方”,引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句。答案:ANow he works in the factory _________ his father used to which解析:題干的意思是“現(xiàn)在他在他父親過去工作的那家工廠工作”,句中有表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞factory,所以where引導(dǎo)定語從句,表示地點(diǎn)。答案:A(八)讓步狀語從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)所謂讓步,就是我們?nèi)粘I钪小巴艘徊秸f……”的意思,有一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系在里面。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞主要有以下這些:though, although, while, as, even if, even though, whether……or……, no matter+疑問詞,疑問詞ever,一般翻譯為“盡管……”或“即使……”,“無論……”。用法如下:though,although表示“雖然,縱然”之意。這兩個(gè)連詞意思大致相同,在一般情況下可以互換使用。在口語中,though較常使用,although比 though正式,二者都可與yet, still或never, the less連用,但不能與but連用。例如:Although/Though he is very old,(yet)he is quite ,身體還很健壯。值得注意的是,although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句位于主句之前的情況較多,though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句可位于主句之前或主句之后。as, though表示“雖然……但是”,“縱使……”之意。as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句必須以部分倒裝的形式出現(xiàn),被倒裝的部分可以是表語、狀語或動(dòng)詞原形,though也可用于這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)中,但although不可以這樣用。例如:Hard as/ though he works, he makes little progress.(=Though he works hard,he makes little progress.)盡管他學(xué)習(xí)很努力,但幾乎沒取得什么進(jìn)步。even if,even though 表示“即使……”,“縱使……”之意,含有一種假設(shè)。這兩個(gè)復(fù)合連詞的意思基本相同。它們?;Q使用,但意義有細(xì)微差別。even if引導(dǎo)的讓步從句含有強(qiáng)烈的假定性,可用來表示與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè),但不能用來描述已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事實(shí)。而even though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí),是以從句的內(nèi)容為先決條件的,即說話人肯定了從句的事實(shí),表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的事。例如:We39。ll make a trip even if/though the weather is ,我們也要作一次旅行。whether……or……表示“不論是否……”,“不管是……還是……”之意。由這一個(gè)復(fù)合連詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句旨在說明正反兩方面的可能性都不會(huì)影響主句的意向或結(jié)果。例如:You39。ll have to attend the ceremony whether you39。re free or ,、“no matter+疑問詞”或“疑問詞ever”的含義為“……都……;不管……都……”它們引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句可以互換。例如:No matter what happened, he would not mind.(=Whatever happened,he would not mind.)無論發(fā)生了什么,他都不會(huì)介意的。但“no matter+疑問詞”結(jié)構(gòu)只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,而“疑問詞ever”還可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。例如:Whatever(=No matter what)you say,I won39。t believe you.(Whatever 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)無論你說什么,我都不會(huì)相信你。I39。ll eat whatever(≠no matter what)you give me.(whatever引導(dǎo)賓語從句)你給我吃什么,我就吃什么。(九)比較狀語從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)比較狀語從句一般是指含有比較級(jí)的句子中由as或than引起的從句。從某種角度上說,它也是一種方式狀語從句,例如:He moves more slowly than his sister 。He works as hard as his brother(does).他學(xué)習(xí)和他哥哥一樣努力。常見考法對(duì)于讓步和比較狀語從句的考查,多以單選和完形填空的形式,從連詞的意義角度讓大家選擇連詞。典型例題:it is very late now, the workers are still working in the AlthoughB AsC WhenD If解析:本題考查讓步狀語從句的連詞的用法。根據(jù)句意“盡管現(xiàn)在很晚了,工人們?nèi)匀辉诠S工作”,前后有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,是讓步狀語從句。誤區(qū)提醒用though/although, as 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí),句中不能用but表示轉(zhuǎn)折語氣。例如:不能說:Though he looks weak, but he is :Though he looks weak, he is :He looks weak, but he is :Though it rained heavily yesterday, he got to school on butB /C and解析:題干的意思是“盡管昨天下大雨了,他還是按時(shí)到達(dá)了學(xué)?!?,前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,有同學(xué)可能會(huì)選A,但hough/although和but不能同時(shí)使用,:B第二篇:初中英語賓語從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)初中英語賓語從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)(一)考察的三個(gè)要點(diǎn):語序,時(shí)態(tài),關(guān)聯(lián)詞。:用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。:關(guān)聯(lián)詞+簡單句。3賓語從句的語序一定是陳述句語序。(who 作主語的從句本身就是陳述句語序)4賓語從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語,連接賓語從句的連詞有that(that在口語中常省略)。whether,if,和連接代詞what,which,who,whom及連接副詞when,where,how,why。He knew(that)he should study 。Can you tell me which class you are in?您能告訴我,您在哪一班嗎?He asked me if he could e in,他問我他是否能進(jìn)來。:(1):一般那情況下可以省略。He told us that he felt know he has : that在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)也并不是任何情況下都可以省略。在以下情況下,that不能省略。 could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and連接兩個(gè)賓語從句,that賓語從句放在and的后面時(shí),that不能省略。) know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作介詞賓語時(shí),that不能省略。) he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.(that從句位于句首時(shí),that不可省略。)我簡直不相信他曾說過這樣的話。(2)從屬連詞if/:I doubt whether he will don’t know if you can help me.(3)連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever連接副詞 where,when,how, or what he was,Martin never wonder what he’s writing to me ’ll tell you why I asked you to ,則用it作形式賓語,而將賓語從句后置。We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not e has made it clear that he will not give ,這類形容詞或過去分詞有sure,glad,certain,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied等,連詞that可省略。I am not sure what I ought to ’m afraid you don’t understand what I ’m surprised that I didn’t see all that was very pleased her daughter had passed the (…or not)或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句if和whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可以互換使用,但whether常和or not連用,if一般不與or not連用。如:I wonder whether it is true or 。用if引導(dǎo)賓語從句如果會(huì)引起歧義,:Please let me know if you want to let me know whether you want to ,意為“請(qǐng)告訴我你是否想去”;此句又可理解為條件狀語從句意為“如果你想去的話,請(qǐng)告訴我一聲”。在think,believe,suppose,expect等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句,有時(shí)謂語盡管是否定意思,卻不用否定形式,而將think等動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问健H纾篒 don’t think you are don’t believe they have finished their work don’t suppose he cares,does he? 我想他不在意,是嗎?:主句從句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可根據(jù)需要用任何時(shí)態(tài)。一般過去時(shí)過去的某種時(shí)態(tài),例如:一般過去,過去進(jìn)