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. . .. . .. . . .. 干擾因素管理策略 Ford Design Verification System 福特設(shè)計(jì)驗(yàn)證系統(tǒng) Ford Design Verification System – FDVS 福特設(shè)計(jì)驗(yàn)證系統(tǒng) FDVS ? FDVS is a puter based system to create and manage requirements driven DV plans. ? FDVS是一計(jì)算機(jī)為基礎(chǔ)的系統(tǒng),生成并管理驅(qū)動(dòng) DV計(jì)劃的需求。 ? FDVS includes a number of generic requirements and Design Verification Methods (DVMs) ? FDVS包括許多一般需求和設(shè)計(jì)驗(yàn)證方面( DVM) 安全法規(guī) 法人的要求 技術(shù)規(guī)范 設(shè)計(jì)驗(yàn)證方法 整車(chē)要求 (項(xiàng)目專(zhuān)有) 項(xiàng)目專(zhuān)有的設(shè)計(jì)驗(yàn)證計(jì)劃 系統(tǒng)要求 (項(xiàng)目專(zhuān)有) DVM ( 項(xiàng)目專(zhuān)有) Design Verification Method 設(shè)計(jì)驗(yàn)證方法 ? Within FDVS requirements are verified using Design Verification Methods (DVMs) ? 在 FDVS內(nèi),使用設(shè)計(jì)驗(yàn)證方法( DVM) 驗(yàn)證需求 ? DVMs contain all the information required to conduct testing and record results ? DVM包括所有要求試驗(yàn)和記錄結(jié)果的信息 ? Existing and Generic DVMs can be used as a starting point to develop program DMVs, but they must be reviewed ? 現(xiàn)有的和一般的 DVM能作為一個(gè)開(kāi)始點(diǎn)用以開(kāi)發(fā)項(xiàng)目的 DMV, 但是它們必須進(jìn)行審核 Testing Methodologies 試驗(yàn)方法學(xué) Types of Test 試驗(yàn)的類(lèi)型 ? There are three general types of testing that can be implemented for either Design Verification or Production Validation: ? 有三種可以在設(shè)計(jì)驗(yàn)證或生產(chǎn)確認(rèn)中實(shí)施的一般試驗(yàn)類(lèi)型 ? Testing to Bogey ? 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測(cè)試 ? Testing to Failure ? 測(cè)試至失效 ? Testing Functional Degradation ? 測(cè)試功能退化 Test to Bogey Minimum Acceptable Function最小可接受功能 Function功能 Time/Cycles/Miles時(shí)間 /循環(huán) /里程 Bogey F a i l u r eH i s t o g r a mPa s sF a i l失效柱狀圖 Test to Failure測(cè)試至失效 F a il u r e T im e D is t r i b u t i o nMinimum Acceptable Function最小可接受功能 Function功能 Time/Cycles/Miles時(shí)間 /循環(huán) /里程 失效時(shí)間分布圖 Degradation Testing 退化測(cè)試 Minimum Acceptable Function最小可接受功能 Function功能 Time/Cycles/Miles時(shí)間 /循環(huán) /里程 Bogey Complete Degradation History Example: Functional Degradation of Three Design Alternatives 范例:三種設(shè)計(jì)方案的功能退化 3456789100 2 5 , 0 0 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 7 5 , 0 0 0 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 2 5 , 0 0 0 1 5 0 , 0 0 0D e s i g n A D e s i g n B D e s i g n CFunction(higher the better)M i l e sC B A Test Level Comparison 測(cè)試水平比較 Bogey 標(biāo)準(zhǔn) Failure 失效 Information Quality 信息質(zhì)量 Cost 成本 Higher較高 Lower較低 Higher較高 Lower較低 Degradation 退化 Test Precision測(cè)試精度 失效概率 Statistical Confidence 統(tǒng)計(jì)可信度 Statistical confidence for a given reliability estimate is the probability that the true reliability of the population is equal to or greater than the estimate. 對(duì)于特定的可靠性預(yù)測(cè),統(tǒng)計(jì)可信度是一種總體真實(shí)可靠性等于或大于預(yù)測(cè)情況的概率 Engineering Confidence Reduces Sample Size 工程可信度減小樣本量 Large Sample大樣本 Reduced Sample 減少的樣本 Min: 1 sample/failure mode 最?。?1個(gè)樣本 /失效模式 Failure Severity Occurrence失效嚴(yán)重度 發(fā)生 Test Level測(cè)試水平 Bogey Failure Degradation Real World Usage Profiles 真正顧客使用概況 Types of Customer Usage 顧客使用的類(lèi)型 Normal use一般使用 Misuse誤用 Abuse ?濫用? Normal Use一般使用 Misuse誤用 Abuse濫用 Data Sources 數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源 Yourself 自身 Instrumentation 儀器 Existing Data 現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù) Observation 觀察 Percentiles百分點(diǎn) Actual Customer Usage 真正顧客使用 5% Total 95th Percentile use 95th 百分點(diǎn)使用 Core Target Customer (Marketing) 核心目標(biāo)顧客 (市場(chǎng)) Example: Cooling Fan 范例:冷卻風(fēng)扇 Stress 受力狀態(tài) Europe歐洲 Southern European Cities 南歐城市 Northern European Cities 北歐城市 Usage Profile and Customer Duty Cycle 使用概況及顧客工況 Usage Profile使用概況 Duty Cycle工況 How often the customer opens a window 顧客開(kāi)啟窗戶(hù)的頻次如何 Number of switch activations or motor running times for the window motor 開(kāi)關(guān)的次數(shù)或窗戶(hù)電機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)次數(shù) Climate or outside temperature ranges in which the vehicle operates車(chē)輛運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)的氣候或外界溫度的范圍 Air conditioning system frequency of operation and load空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)頻次和負(fù)荷 Duty Cycle Example 工況范例 同步齒形帶發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)工況 綠線(xiàn):一般顧客 紅線(xiàn):苛刻顧客 注:皮帶負(fù)荷在低轉(zhuǎn) 速時(shí)更苛刻 Accelerated Testing 加速測(cè)試 Accelerated Testing 加速測(cè)試 Purpose: 目的 : ? Accumulate product stress history in a short period of time ? 在短時(shí)間內(nèi)累積產(chǎn)品應(yīng)力史 ? Shorten verification time reduce development costs ? 縮短驗(yàn)證時(shí)間 減少開(kāi)發(fā)成本 Accelerated Testing Methods 加速測(cè)試方法 Load Frequency over a Specified Test Procedure 在指定的試驗(yàn)規(guī)程上加大加載頻次 0 100 200 300 400 30% 60% 100% Percent Frequency of Occurrence發(fā)生頻次的百分比 Load載荷 Normal Load正常負(fù)載 Increased Load加大負(fù)載 Define Accelerated Test based on this portion of procedure with increased loads 50 mph Freeway 50 mph高速公路 Climbing hill in 1st gear 一檔爬山 以加大的載荷在這部分試驗(yàn)規(guī)程的基礎(chǔ)上定義加速測(cè)試 Accelerated Testing Cautions 加速測(cè)試警示 ? Correlate acceleration to real world deterioration ? 使其加速形式與真正顧客使用的退化情況相關(guān)聯(lián) ? Prevent unrepresentative failure modes ? 預(yù)防不具備代表性的失效模式 ? Not all failure modes can be accelerated ? 不是所有的失效模式都可以加速的 Key Life Tests 關(guān)鍵壽命試驗(yàn) Key Life Tests 關(guān)鍵壽命試驗(yàn) Key Life Tests focus on the key stress(es) which drive loss of function and/or failure mechanisms associated with real world usage. 關(guān)鍵壽命試驗(yàn)著重于會(huì)促使真正顧客使用相關(guān)的功能損失和 /或失效機(jī)理的關(guān)鍵應(yīng)力 Key Life Tests 關(guān)鍵壽命試驗(yàn) ? A Key Life Test: ? 一個(gè)關(guān)鍵壽命試驗(yàn) ? Is based on the RWUP 是以 RWUP為基礎(chǔ)的 ? Provides a tool to evaluate product reliability 提供了一個(gè)工具以評(píng)估產(chǎn)品的可靠性 ? Allows parison of designs with benchmarked petitive products so that the best design can be identified 使其與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)的比較,從而可以確定最佳設(shè)計(jì) ? Validates models and assumptions in the design process 在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中確認(rèn)模型和設(shè)想 ? Validates the design 確認(rèn)設(shè)計(jì) Key Life Tests 關(guān)鍵壽命試驗(yàn) IS是 IS Not否 ? ? Reliability and Robustness Demonstration Matrix 可靠性和殷實(shí)可靠性實(shí)證 矩陣圖 Reliability and Robustness Demonstration Matrix 可靠性和殷實(shí)可靠性實(shí)證矩陣圖 ? Reliability and Robustness Demonstration Matrix (RRDM) captures and displays the key verification methods and all Critical Noise factors. RRDM吸取并顯示了關(guān)鍵驗(yàn)證方法以及所有的關(guān)鍵干擾因素。 Self Assessment 自我評(píng)估 Vehicle Level DV PV 整車(chē)級(jí)別的DVPV Vehicle Level DV PV