英語翻譯答案(編輯修改稿)
2024-09-01 10:59 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 。someareColored,thatis(./namely),ofmixedEuropeanandAfricandescent.5.Thisdebateisimportantbecauseitpointsup(stress/emphasize)thatthefactsarenotnecessarilyassimpleandstraightforwardastheymightatfirstsightseem.6.Inthebeginning,themeaningoflifemightbedebated,butoncepastthefirstperiod,manyoftheconversationsfollowawellwornroutefromonetopictothenextandbackagain,takinginmostofhumanlife.7.Butsinceagricultureformsthebasis(base)ofourindustry,itwas,byandlarge(onthewhole),alsoanintensificationofthecrisisinthenationaleconomyingeneral.8.Letusleaveasideotherrelevantfactorssuchaseducation,careerstructure,payandconditionsofserviceandconcentrateon(focuson)manpowermanagement.(relateAtoB)9.Itistruethattheexactnatureofthisissueisuncertain.However,onethingiscrystalclear:itwillnotendangertheplanetanditsinhabitants.10. Butifanimalpopulationsaretoosmall,thentheysimplydieout.II.Translation1.1.ForEnglishisakiller.ItisEnglishthathaskilledoffCumbric,Cornish,NornandManx.TherearestillpartsoftheseislandswheresizeablemunitiesspeaklanguagesthatweretherebeforeEnglish.YetEnglishiseverywhereineverydayuseandunderstoodbyallorvirtuallyall,constitutingsuchathreattothethreeremainingCelticlanguages,Irish,ScottishGaelic,andWelsh...thattheirlongtermfuturemustbeconsidered...verygreatlyatrisk.因為英語是個殺手。正是英語造成了康瑞克、康尼施、諾恩、曼科斯等語言的消亡。在其中一部分島上還有相當多的人使用在英語到來之前就已存在的語言。然而，英語在日常生活中無處不在。所有的人或幾乎所有的人都懂英語。英語對現(xiàn)存的凱爾特語——愛爾蘭語、蘇格蘭蓋爾語及威爾士語的威脅是如此之大，它們的未來岌岌可危。.Healsoassociatedsuchpolicieswithaprejudicewhichhecallslinguisticism(aconditionparalleltoracismandsexism).AsPhillipsonseesit,leadinginstitutionsandindividualswithinthepredominantlywhiteEnglishspeakingworld,have(bydesignordefault)encouragedoratleasttolerated—andcertainlyhavenotopposed—thehegemonicspreadofEnglish,aspreadwhichbegansomethreecenturiesagoaseconomicandcolonialexpansion.同時，他認為這些政策和他稱之為語言歧視（和種族歧視、性別歧視的情況類似）的偏見密切相關。在菲利普森看來，在以白人英語為主導的世界，最重要的機構和個人（有意或無意地）鼓勵或者至少是容忍了（肯定沒有反對）英語霸權主義式的傳播。這種傳播始于三個世紀之前的經(jīng)濟及殖民擴張。.Byandlarge,wenowviewthemasmoreorlessbenign,andoftentalkwithadmirationandappreciationabouttheculturesassociatedwiththemandwhattheyhavegiventotheworld.Anditisfairlysafetodothis,becausenoneofthemnowposesmuchofathreat.總的來說，我們現(xiàn)在或多或少地把這些語言看作有利的語言。在談到與之相關的文化及其為世界所做的貢獻時，我們常懷有崇敬與贊賞，而且這樣做也沒有太大的風險，因為這些語言現(xiàn)在已不會構成什么威脅。.YetmanypeopleseeEnglishasablessing.Letmeleaveasideheretheobviousadvantagespossessedbyanyworldlanguage,suchasalargemunicativenetwork,astrongliteraryandmediaplex,andapowerfulculturalandeducationalapparatus.然而，許多人把英語看成是一件幸事。在此，我暫且不談任何世界語言所具有的明顯優(yōu)勢，例如廣泛的通信網(wǎng)，強大的文化傳媒體系，及強有力的文化教育機構。.EnglishspeakingSouthAfricansofBritishdescentwerenotparticularlystronginopposingtheapartheid
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