【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 s if my mind was being whipped, as if a ghost had mandeered my pen and was writing to redress the injustices it had suffered. I both cried and laughed along with my principal characters, and often despondently scratched my 本資料首發(fā)自 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)說(shuō)明出處。 6 head. 我說(shuō)我寫作如同生活 , 又說(shuō)作品的最高境界是寫作同生活的一致 , 是作家同人的一致 , 主要的意思是不說(shuō)謊 . When I say that I write like I live, and that the highest ideal a work of literature can attain is to be at one with life, and that an author should be able to identify with his readers, I basically mean that books and their authors should never tell lies. 我最近還在另一個(gè)地方說(shuō)過(guò) : 藝術(shù)的最高境界是無(wú)技巧 . 我?guī)资昵巴晃慌笥艳q論時(shí)就說(shuō)過(guò) : 長(zhǎng)的 好看的人用不著濃妝艷抹 , 而我的文章就像一個(gè)丑八怪 , 不打扮 , 看起來(lái)倒還順眼些 . 他說(shuō) :‖ 流傳久遠(yuǎn)的作品是靠文學(xué)技巧流傳 , 誰(shuí)會(huì)關(guān)心百十年前的生活 ?‖ 我不同意 , 我認(rèn)為打動(dòng)人心的還是作品中所反映的生活和主人公的命運(yùn) . 這仍然是在反對(duì)那些無(wú)中生有 混淆黑白的花言巧語(yǔ) . 我最恨那些盜名欺世 ` 欺騙讀者的謊言 . I‘ve also said recently on another occasion that the highest state to which art can attain is artlessness. When I was arguing this point with a friend decades ago, I said, ―Physically attractive people don‘t need heavy makeup. Though my writing resembles an ugly monster, it actually looks a little better without any embellishment. His replied was, ―Literary works have stood the test of time because of the skill with which they were written. Who today really cares about the details of what life was like a hundred years ago?‖ I disagree. Readers are moved by the reflected in the story and the fate of the chief characters. This means I oppose fabrication, deception and flowery language. What I hate most are those gloryseeking writers who deceive the public with their lies. Exercise 3 將下列短文譯成英語(yǔ)： 我為乘客服務(wù) I service to passenger 有一次，在擁擠的車廂門口，我 所見(jiàn)一位男乘客客客氣氣地問(wèn)他前面的一個(gè)女乘客：“您下車嗎？”女乘客沒(méi)理他?！澳阆萝噯幔俊彼袉?wèn)了一遍。女乘客還是沒(méi)理他?！跋萝噯?？”他耐不住了，放大聲問(wèn)，那女乘客依然沒(méi)有反應(yīng)?！澳闶敲@子，還是啞巴？”他急了，捅了一下那女乘客，也引得車廂里的人都往這里看。女乘客這時(shí)也急了，瞪起一雙眼睛回手給了男乘客一拳。 Once I heard a man asked a woman in the front of him at the crowded door of the bus: ―Are you getting off?‖, the woman made no response. ―Getting off?‖ he asked again, but the woman still made no response. ―Get off!‖ he shouted, as he was getting impatient, but there was still no response. ―Are you deaf, or dumb?‖ he bust out, very much irritated, he gave her a slight push, which attracted the attention of other passengers. Also irritated, the woman stared at him and hit back. 見(jiàn)此情景，我猛然想起在 60 路沿線上有家福利工廠，女乘客可能就是聾啞人聽(tīng)不見(jiàn)聲音。我趕忙向男乘客作了解釋，又用紙條寫了一句話，舉到女乘客的眼前：“對(duì)不起！他要下車了。他問(wèn)了您好幾聲，您是不是沒(méi)聽(tīng)見(jiàn)？”女乘客點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭，把道讓開(kāi)了。 At this point, I suddenly remembered that there was a welfare factory on the route of Bus and that the woman might be a deaf mute from there. I told the man that I was thinking and then I wrote on slip of paper: ―Excuse me, but he wants 本資料首發(fā)自 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)說(shuō)明出處。 7 to get off, he‘s asked you several times, but you didn‘t seem to hear him. Right?‖ when I showed it to the woman, she nodded and made way for him. 從此以后，我就特 別注意聾啞人的特征，還 從他們那里學(xué)會(huì)了一些常用的手語(yǔ)。比如，我可以用啞語(yǔ)問(wèn)他們：“朋友 ，您好！”“您到哪里下車？”“請(qǐng)您往里走！”“謝謝”等等。這樣，不僅我能更好地為他們服務(wù)，與他們進(jìn)行感情交流，也減少了一些他們與其他乘客的誤會(huì)和糾紛。 Since then I have paid special attention to those whose took like deaf mutes. I have learned from them some sign language with which I can say such things as: ―Hello, how are you!‖ ―Where are you going?‖ ―Please move on‖ ―Thank you‖. In this way, I can not only render them better service and be friends with them and also reduce their misunderstanding and conflicts with other passengers. Unit 2 HISTORY Lesson 4 English Before the Industrial Revolution 工業(yè)革命前的英國(guó) The country was a place where men worked from dawn to dark, and the laborer lived not in the sun, but in poverty and darkness. What aids there to lighten labour were immemorial, like the mill, which was already ancient in Chaucer ‘s time. The Industrial Revolution began with such machines。 the millwrights were the engineers of the ing age. James Brindley of Stanffordshire started his selfmade career in 1733 by working at mill wheels, at the age of seventeen, having been born poor in a village. 在農(nóng)村， 人們從早忙到晚，勞動(dòng)力 并 不是 沐浴 在陽(yáng)光下，而是生活在貧窮和黑暗中。 那些幫助減少勞動(dòng)的機(jī)械不知哪個(gè)年代就有了 ，比如磨房，在 喬叟時(shí)代就已經(jīng)是古老的 了。 而 工業(yè)革命 就是從 這些機(jī)器開(kāi)始的： 修造 磨房 的匠人就是開(kāi)創(chuàng)新時(shí)代的工程師。 Stanffordshire 的 James Brindley，出生在貧窮的小村莊， 1733年，他 17 歲，就著手改良磨房的車輪，從此開(kāi)始了他的自?shī)^斗的生涯 。 Brindley‘s improvements were practical: to sharpen and step up the performance of the water wheel as a machine. It was the first multipurpose machine for the new industries. Brindley worked, for example, to improve the grinding of flints, which were used in the rising pottery industry. Brindley 的改良是 有實(shí)用性 的：改善并加強(qiáng)水車的機(jī)械功能 ， 這是 為新 工業(yè)提供的第一臺(tái) 多功能機(jī)器。例如， 在 Brindley 改進(jìn)燧石的碾磨過(guò)程，燧石是新興的陶瓷工業(yè)有用的材料。 Yet there was a bigger movement in the air by 1750. Water had bee the engineers‘ element, and men like Brindley were possessed by it. Water was gushing and fanning out all over the countryside. It was not simple a source of power, it was a new wave of movement. James Brindley was a pioneer in the art of building canals or, as it was then called, ?navigation‘. 然而在 1750 年，一場(chǎng) 更 大的運(yùn)動(dòng)在醞釀中，水成為了工程師 們大顯身手的本資料首發(fā)自 轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)說(shuō)明出處。 8 對(duì)象 ，被像 Brindley 一樣的人 對(duì)它著里迷 。 水在鄉(xiāng)村里到處 涌流漫溢 ，它不僅僅是一種能源，還能 帶來(lái)了新的 運(yùn)動(dòng)。 James Brindley 在開(kāi)鑿運(yùn)河的 先驅(qū) 者 ，當(dāng)時(shí) 人們把開(kāi)鑿運(yùn)河叫做 “航?！?。 Brindley had begun on his own account, out of interest, to survey the waterways that he traveled as he went about his engineering projects for mills and mines. The Duck‘s of Bridgewater then got him to build a canal to carry coal from the Duck‘s pits at Worley to the rising town of Manchester… . Brindley went on the connect Manchester with Liverpool in an even bolder manner, and in all laid almost four hundreds miles of canals in a work all over English. Brindley 在為他的磨 房和礦井建筑工程奔走的時(shí)候， 出于 自愿和 興趣 ，對(duì)沿途經(jīng)過(guò)的河道進(jìn)行了勘探。于是布里奇瓦特公爵就讓開(kāi)一條運(yùn)河，以便把煤從公爵在烏斯利擁有的礦井運(yùn)往新興城市曼徹斯 … Brindley 還 更 加大膽地用運(yùn)河把曼徹斯特同 利物浦 連接起來(lái) ， 修鑿了總長(zhǎng)度為 四百 英 里 的遍布全英國(guó)的 運(yùn)河 網(wǎng) 。 Two things are outstanding in the creation of the English system of canals, and