【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 NSWER BOOKLET. France today is no superpower, but French influence in some spheres is significant. Nothing has cemented French influence in the world like the decision made by the victorious World War II powers in 1945 to include France as one of the five permanent, vetowielding members of the Security Council. Until the end of the Cold War, France rarely found itself in disagreement with Britain or the . on major issues. But the . veto today takes on larger significance as France struggles to decide whether it wants to lead the European Union in defiance of American power or in partnership with it. As America’s great media outlets have begun preparing for coverage of the DDay celebrations, the question of a ―grand gesture‖ by the French toward the American war in Iraq has been raised. Administration officials hint that, perhaps, just perhaps, the French President will use the occasion of France’s rescue as an opportunity to square the accounts — to issue a blanket endorsement of America’s plan for Iraq’s future and throw its support behind the transfer of power looming at the end of the month. France certainly wants the United States to be successful in Iraq at this point. But France seems unlikely to see DDay as an opportunity to make good on a 60yearold debt. Beyond nice speeches and some truly fine cuisine, don’t expect France to liberate America from Iraq. ? The effect of governmental expenditures on the total economy varies with both the level of utilization of labor and capital in the economy at the time of the expenditure, and the segment of the economy which receives the expenditure. If the economy as a whole or the segment of the economy which is the focus of the expenditure is operating at capacity or close to capacity, then the expenditure’s major effects will tend to be inflationary, and will not generate much employment of capital and labor. （ 0309高 1） . ? If the economy or sector is operating at much less than full employment, the expenditure will produce a genuine (noninflationary) rise in the GNP. ? A true measure of the effect of governmental increase in the amount of money made available, then, is not the simple dollar value of the initial injection but the cumulative effect of this injection through spending and respending. （ 0309高 2） . ?In the optimum case the initial expansion of ine flow could be great enough to produce tax revenues in excess of the original ―deficit spending‖ or the ―tax cut‖, so that deficits are not only smaller than the increased GNP but are recouped. ? In Keynesian economics the fundamental point of government policy clearly is not budgetbalancing but spending in the event of unused productive capacity and unemployment. Spending increases productivity. （ 0309 高 3） . ? ?At a time when the public is being assaulted with unsolicited ads, California is about to launch the toughest counterattack in the nation. A law that goes into effect on allows puter users in the state to refuse unwanted solicitations en masse and sue spammers who violate their wishes for as much as $1 million. ?（ 0403高 1） . ? Those potent weapons for deflecting pitches that offer everything from bigger body parts to lower mortgage rates have attracted the ire of the . Chamber of Commerce and mass marketers. Fearing the law will curtail advertising on the Inter, they are pushing for a far weaker national solution that would undercut the tough tactics in California and other states that are going the same route. （ 0403高 2） . ? The emphasis of contemporary sociology is to insist that the material culture would not exist had not the nonmaterial culture first been available to suggest the ideas which are embodied in the inventions of material culture. （0609中 ） . 記 錄 紙 注意： 一 、 第四部分 （ SECTION 4） 開(kāi)始前 只能 發(fā)給考生本記錄用紙 。 每位考生一份 。 在下列聽(tīng)力部分放音結(jié)束后 ， 監(jiān)考才能將第四 、 第五 、 第六部分的試卷 (Test Book)和答題紙 (Answer Booklet)發(fā)給考生 。 二 、 本紙只作記錄用 ， 本紙上的任何答案一律不記分 ， 考生務(wù)必將答案寫(xiě)在答題紙上 。 三 、 本題要求考生填寫(xiě) 20個(gè)空白 ， 每空為一詞 。 答題時(shí)間為 10分鐘 。 SECTION 4： LISTENING TEST Part A: Nottaking And Gapfilling Directions: In this part of the test you will hear a short talk. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. While listening to the talk, you may take notes on the important points so that you can have enough information to plete a gapfilling task on your ANSWER BOOKLET afterwards. 上海市英語(yǔ)高級(jí)口譯資格證書(shū)第一階段考試 SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes) Part A: Notetaking And Gapfilling Directions: In this part of the test you will hear a short talk. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. While listening to the talk, you may take notes on the important points so that you can have enough information to plete a gapfilling task on a separate ANSWER BOOKLET. You will not get your ANSWER BOOKLET until after you have listened to the talk. For many people, cars are a source of passion and ____________(1), but they can also be a source of many ____________(2). The car has brought people much closer to places of work, study and ____________ (3). Many people also work in ____________ (4) industries. There are more cars than ____________ (5) in the United States. But many people are unhappy with car traffic and ____________ (6), as well as with the use of land for building new ____________ (7). Some ____________ (8) dream of turning parking lots into parks and replacing cars with ____________ (9). Most people around the world, however, still believe that t