【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 1999 and 2009, China’s per capita average disposable ine increased from RMB 5,854 to RMB 17,175, marking an % average annual growth. Over the same period, domestic tourism arrivals grew at an average of % annually with spending up % on average per year, only marginally higher than inflationary trends over this period. This resulted in growth in nationwide domestic tourism receipts in the order of % annually. As of now, this growth has been more volume than spending driven. 中國可支配收入的增長及中產(chǎn)階層的出現(xiàn)成為國內(nèi)旅游最大的驅(qū)動(dòng)力。1999年至2009年的過去十年間，中國人均可支配收入從人民幣 5,854元增長至 17,175元，%。同期，%，%，僅略高于這一時(shí)期的通貨膨脹率。%。到目前為止，國內(nèi)旅游收入的增長更多的是得益于旅游者人數(shù)的增長而不是人均花費(fèi)的增長。Economic output and corporate travel activity經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)出與商務(wù)旅游活動(dòng)As an indicator of output, . business activities, GDP growth generally correlates with hotel demand in the corporate sector in urban markets. The table overleaf summarizes the GDP and growth between 2005 and 2009 for the 25 urban tourism markets. 作為經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)量的指標(biāo)，即商務(wù)活動(dòng)，GDP增長一般與城市的商務(wù)酒店需求相關(guān)。下頁表格總結(jié)了2005年至2009年間25個(gè)旅游市場的GDP和GDP增長水平。區(qū)域生產(chǎn)總值2009年區(qū)域生產(chǎn)總值復(fù)合增長2005年至2009年來源：城市統(tǒng)計(jì)局All of the above 25 urban hotel markets have achieved doubledigit economic growth over the four years between 2005 and 2009, with Changchun, Xian, Chongqing, Shenyang, and Dalian leading the pack.以上25個(gè)城市酒店市場在2005年至2009年的四年間均實(shí)現(xiàn)了兩位數(shù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，長春、西安、重慶、沈陽和大連增長率位居前列。China’s efforts to promote the structural change of its urban economies are likely to be a key growth driver of corporate travel demand moving forward. The growth of the country’s tertiary sector next to a relatively established secondary sector has potential to bring along greater volumes of business travel, as some industries, such as professional and financials services, typically have a greater need for travel and enjoy higher travel allowances than the manufacturing sector.中國加強(qiáng)城市經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)改革的努力似乎是商務(wù)旅游需求增長的主要驅(qū)動(dòng)力。與相對成熟的第二產(chǎn)業(yè)相比，中國第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的增長具備帶來更多商務(wù)旅游的潛力。一些產(chǎn)業(yè)，如專業(yè)服務(wù)和財(cái)務(wù)服務(wù)，一般能夠產(chǎn)生更多的差旅需求，并比制造業(yè)享有更高的差旅補(bǔ)助。2009年城市產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)來源：城市統(tǒng)計(jì)局20052009第三產(chǎn)業(yè)復(fù)合增長率來源：城市統(tǒng)計(jì)局Reflective of their advanced stage of development, all of the tier one cities, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen have a relatively large and developed tertiary sector. Amongst tier two cities, Xian, Nanjing, Jinan and Xiamen, Wuhan and Chengdu have the biggest proportion of tertiary sectors. 所有一線城市，北京、上海、廣州和深圳的第三產(chǎn)業(yè)總量都相對較大且更先進(jìn)，反映了這些城市在發(fā)展中所處的較領(lǐng)先階段。二線城市中，西安、南京、濟(jì)南、廈門、武漢和成都的第三產(chǎn)業(yè)所占比重較大。Over the last four years, Xian, Suzhou, Tianjin and Wuhan, recorded particularly rapid growth in the tertiary sector, suggesting further growth in lodging demand.過去四年內(nèi)，西安、蘇州、天津和武漢第三產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展尤其迅速，表明了住宿需求的進(jìn)一步增長。Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) 外國直接投資Inbound travel has seen rapid growth alongside the openingup of China’s economy and the surge of foreign investment activities in tier one and two cities. Despite the growing importance of the domestic market, international corporate travelers remain an important source of demand for highend properties.隨著中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的對外開放和一線及二線城市外國投資活動(dòng)的猛增，海外入境旅游快速發(fā)展。盡管國內(nèi)市場的重要性日益提高，國際商務(wù)旅游者仍是高端產(chǎn)品的重要需求來源。Whilst foreign investors initially regarded China an attractive location for exportoriented manufacturing activities, they soon realized that the rapidly emerging Chinese domestic market offered more opportunities. Nationwide, FDI had grown % over the past ten years between 1999 and 2009, reaching a total of RMB 90 billion in 2009. However, most recently, through a number of policy initiatives such as the 2007 Catalogue Guiding Foreign Investment in Industry, the new Enterprise Ine Tax Law and the new Labour Contract, foreign investment was strated to be redirected towards hightechnologies, research and development, regional headquarters and the service sector. Over the recent two years, Beijing and Shanghai have announced investment incentives emulating each other’s efforts to bee the location of choice for multinational panies’ headquarters. At the same time, tier two cities such as Changsha, Chengdu, Hefei Tianjin, Wuhan and Xian offer talent pools from leading highereducation institutions at attractive labour costs and therefore have increasingly bee the focus of foreign investment. 盡管外國投資者最初視中國為有吸引力的出口導(dǎo)向的制造工場，但他們很快意識到中國國內(nèi)市場的快速興起提供了更多的機(jī)會(huì)。1999年至2009年的過去十年間，%，于2009年達(dá)到總額人民幣900億元。但是，通過外商投資產(chǎn)業(yè)指導(dǎo)目錄(2007年修訂)、新的企業(yè)所得稅法和新的勞動(dòng)合同等一系列政策措施，國家有關(guān)部門最近開始將外商投資活動(dòng)引導(dǎo)向高科技、研發(fā)、區(qū)域總部和服務(wù)業(yè)。最近兩年內(nèi)，北京和上海都公布了投資促進(jìn)政策，互相仿效以成為跨國公司總部所在地。同時(shí)，二線城市如長沙、成都、合肥、天津、武漢和西安則以有吸引力的人力成本從全國前列的高校中吸引大量人才，從而日益成為外國投資關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。For cities that are able to attract foreign investments and perform the transition from secondary into tertiary sectors, FDI can be a good indicator for growth opportunities in hotel demand, especially in less ratesensitive business segments.對于能夠吸引外國投資，并從第二產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)化至第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的城市，F(xiàn)DI成為酒店需求，尤其是價(jià)格敏感度較低的商務(wù)需求增長潛力的良好指標(biāo)。Traffic Infrastructure – Increasing Mobility 交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 – 增長的流動(dòng)性Infrastructure provides an important means to carry and facilitate travel and tourism activities. Improved access in roads, rail, airports, ports, for instance, generally promotes economic activities and mobility, which in turn generates travel and hotel demand. However, in some cities, the improvement of infrastructure does change the source of demand, which in turn decreases the hotel demand in short term. 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施為差旅和旅游活動(dòng)的便捷進(jìn)行提供了重要途徑。例如道路、鐵路、機(jī)場、港口可及性的改善，均能增強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的活躍度及流動(dòng)性，從而創(chuàng)造旅游及酒店需求。但在某些市場，交通便利性減少了游客的停留時(shí)間，使得這些市場的酒店需求在短期內(nèi)有所減少。At the end of 2009, China counted 65,000 kilometers of expressways, 85,500 kilometers of railroad tracks and a total of 165 airports. Private car ownership reached 26 million and airports and railroads together transported an aggregate of 2 billion passengers. 截至2009年底，中國共有高速公路65,000公里、鐵路85,500公里以及165個(gè)機(jī)場。私人車輛保有量增長至2600萬輛。機(jī)場、公路旅客吞吐量之和達(dá)20億人次。Capacity in 20092009年總量Construction in 20092009年新建Capacity by 20202020年總量Expressways 高速公路65,000 公里4,300 公里85,000 公里Railroads 鐵路85,500 公里5,500 公里120,000 公里Airports 機(jī)場1668244 來源：交通部、民航總局、鐵道部、統(tǒng)計(jì)局、仲量聯(lián)行酒店集團(tuán)Owing to further improvements in traffic infr