心理學(xué)專有名詞中英對(duì)照表doc(編輯修改稿)
2025-08-14 04:22 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 膜retina 睫狀肌ciliary muscle調(diào)節(jié)作用acmodation 脊髓spinal cord反射弧reflex arc 腦干brain stem計(jì)算機(jī)軸性線斷層掃描 CAT 或CT PET正子放射斷層攝影MRI磁共振顯影 延腦medulla橋腦pons小腦cerebellum 網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)reticular formation RAS網(wǎng)狀活化系統(tǒng) 視丘thalamus下視丘hypothalamus 大腦cerebrum腦（下）垂體（腺）—pituitary gland 腦半球cerebral hemisphere皮質(zhì)cortex 胼胝體corpus callosum邊緣系統(tǒng)limbic system 海馬體hippocampus杏仁核amygdala 中央溝central fissure側(cè)溝lateral fissure 腦葉lobe同卵雙生子identical twins 異卵雙生子—fraternal twins 古典制約classical conditioning操作制約operant conditioning 非制約刺激—(US unconditioned stimulus非制約反應(yīng)—(UR)unconditioned R. 制約刺激(CS) conditioned S.制約反應(yīng)(CR)conditioned R. 習(xí)(獲)得acquisition增強(qiáng)作用reinforcement 消除(弱)extinction自(發(fā)性)然恢復(fù)spontaneous recovery 前行制約—forward conditioning同時(shí)制約simultaneous conditioning 回溯制約backward cond.痕跡制約——trace conditioning 延宕制約—delay conditioning類化(梯度)generalization (gradient) 區(qū)辨discrimination 次級(jí))增強(qiáng)物(secondary) reinforcer 嫌惡刺激aversive stimulus 試誤學(xué)習(xí)trial and error learning 效果率law of effect正(負(fù))性增強(qiáng)物—positive (negative) rei. 行為塑造—behavior shaping循序漸進(jìn)successive approximation 自行塑造—autoshaping部分(連續(xù))增強(qiáng)—partial (continuous)R 定比(時(shí))時(shí)制—fixed ratio (interval) schedule FR或FI 變化比率(時(shí)距)時(shí)制—variable ratio (interval) schedule VR或VI 逃離反應(yīng)escape R.回避反應(yīng)—avoidance response 習(xí)得無助learned helplessness頓悟insight 學(xué)習(xí)心向—learning set隱內(nèi)(潛在)學(xué)習(xí)latent learning 認(rèn)知地圖cognitive map生理回饋biofeedback 敏感遞減法systematic desensitization普里邁克原則—Premack’s principle 洪水法flooding觀察學(xué)習(xí)observational learning 動(dòng)物行為學(xué)ethology敏感化—sensitization 習(xí)慣化habituation聯(lián)結(jié)association 認(rèn)知學(xué)習(xí)cognitional L.觀
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