【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 l/kmol?k =418= kcal/kmol?k:=++ = kcal/kmol?k =418= kcal/kmol?k2e: =++= kcal/kmol?k =418= kcal/2a: =++= kcal/kmol?k =418= kcal/kmol?k3e:=++= kcal/kmol?k =418=?k= 1,2Da, 1,3De由355k～773 k焓值的變化1,2Da：, 355k～～773 k變化過程是由液體（）變氣體(g)的變化。氣體(g)：1,2Da:=++ = kcal/= =577 k在355k～：= = R====++w[++] =代入數(shù)據(jù)后得出= kcal/== kcal/h== kcal/h=7500= kcal/h=++=1,3De：,355k～～773 k變化過程是由液體（）變氣體(g)的變化氣體:=++ = kcal/=====++w[++]代入數(shù)據(jù)后得出=+======() = kcal/h=++= kcal/h 計算和丙烯預(yù)熱溫度++++++=0++(355T)+（）+++=0試差法：得T==336℃熱損失為20℃所以T=360℃ 設(shè)備衡算 反應(yīng)器 1．選型：管式絕熱反應(yīng)器 ：ICrI8Ni9Ti 3. 操作條件:(1)~(2) ~ (3）~(1)噴嘴氣速WL={2gP1v2γ[1(P2/P1)(γ1)/γ]/(γ1)}其中γ─絕熱指數(shù)γ=CP/CV，γCl2=, V─進料比容m3/kg,g─m/s2P1─進口壓力kg/cm2,P1─反應(yīng)器壓力kg/cm2,W─m/s (2) 噴嘴截面積 G進口氣體流量kg/s,p1入口壓力，P2反應(yīng)器壓力 F2={2104/()2/()}=104m2(3) 噴嘴直徑d內(nèi)=（4F2/∏）0。5=（41。96317104/）0。5= 經(jīng)園整大約 15mm,不銹鋼耐酸無縫鋼管（YB80470） 內(nèi)徑 17mm 外徑 20mm 壁厚 3mm(1)環(huán)隙處丙烯線速度計算：CP=+1056072+1093553=CV=CPR=24。9439321。987= γ=CP/CV= v=RT/MP=607/(105)=WL={2gP1v2γ[1(P2/P1)(γ1)/γ]/(γ1)}={2[1()()]/}= (2) 丙烯進料環(huán)隙線速度的計算F2=∏（d丙內(nèi)2d氯外2）/4d丙內(nèi)=（4F2/∏+ d氯外2）0。5=（4∏+182）=內(nèi)徑29mm 外徑 36mm 壁厚 ： v=nRT/Pd=(v/ω)=()= 公稱直徑65mm 外徑 76mm 壁厚 4mm v=6071000/ d丙=()=公稱直徑225mm 外徑 245mm 壁厚 7mm：v=τQ/3600, τ=2s,Q總體積流量（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)態(tài)下）m3/h,Q總=N總RT/P=8。31429842。94181000/101325=1050。00149V=2∏d2/4=5∏d3, d= l= 公稱直徑350 mm 外徑 377 mm 壁厚 9mm (1)喉管長度：l=2D丙烯外=231=84mm(2)混合器與反應(yīng)器連接椎體角300故反應(yīng)器椎體高度=[（反應(yīng)器內(nèi)徑后管內(nèi)徑）/2]tg150=（35925）/2/tg15=(3)噴嘴椎體角度為 320故噴嘴椎體高度=[（d進外徑d噴外經(jīng)）]=(7618)/2/tg18=(4)丙烯環(huán)隙入口椎體角度為 320，故反應(yīng)丙烯環(huán)隙入口椎體高度=[（丙烯入口管內(nèi)徑后管內(nèi)徑）/2]/tg16=(23125)/2/tg16= 氯精二塔：塔計算有前物料得進料F=塔頂出料：D= kmol/h=,塔釜出料：W=回流比R=20，進料狀態(tài)q=1.、則塔徑計算：V=L+D ， V=L =, 液氣比：， 則有精流段的溫度：T=上升的氣體體積流量：V=nRT/P==上升的氣體重度： =下降液體以AC居多，其物參數(shù)：62度， rL=選外徑為25mm的陶瓷拉西環(huán)為填料，填料因子為450m1, 得到 wf=,D=,則公稱直徑為800mm,外徑 820mm，壁后 10mm提流段：平均溫度：T=（+）/2=上升的氣體量：V提=V精=下降的液體量: 1液氣比=上升的氣體重度：rG=下降液體以12Da為主rL=1059kg/m3 ,uc=, rG/rL=,則：液泛速度：wf=, 操作氣速=, D= 公稱直徑800mm 外徑 820mm 壁厚 10mm則：精餾塔的塔徑800mm 外徑820mm 壁厚 10mm4 附錄106898 英文文獻及翻譯Air Toxics Site106898 Epichlorohydrin (1Chloro2,3Epoxypropane)106898 Hazard SummaryCreated in April 1992。 Revised in January 2000Epichlorohydrin is mainly used in the production of epoxy resins. Acute (shortterm) inhalation exposure to epichlorohydrin in the workplace has caused irritation to the eyes, respiratory tract, and skin of workers. At high levels of exposure, nausea, vomiting, cough, labored breathing, inflammation of the lung, pulmonary edema, and renal lesions may be observed in humans. Chronic (longterm) occupational exposure of humans to epichlorohydrin in air is associated with high levels of respiratory tract illness and hematological effects. Damage to the nasal passages, respiratory tract and kidneys have been observed in rodents exposed to epichlorohydrin by inhalation for acute or chronic duration. An increased incidence of tumors of the nasal cavity has been observed in rats exposed by inhalation. EPA has classified epichlorohydrin as a Group B2, probable human carcinogen. Please Note: The main sources of information for this fact sheet are EPA39。s IRIS, which contains information on inhalation chronic toxicity and carcinogenic effects of epichlorohydrin and the RfC, and unit cancer risk estimate for inhalation exposure, and the Health and Environmental Effects Profile for Epichlorohydrin. UsesThe primary use of epichlorohydrin is in the production of epoxy resins used in coatings, adhesives, and plastics. (1,5) Epichlorohydrin is also used in the manufacture of synthetic glycerine, textiles, paper, inks and dyes, solvents, surfactants, and pharmaceuticals. (1) Epichlorohydrin is also listed as an inert ingredient in mercial pesticides. (1) Sources and Potential ExposureIndividuals are most likely to be exposed to epichlorohydrin in the workplace. (1) Epichlorohydrin may be released to the ambient air during its production and use. (1) Accidental releases to waterways may expose the general public to epichlorohydrin. (1) Assessing Personal ExposureNo information was located concerning the measurement of personal exposure to epichlorohydrin. Health Hazard InformationAcute Effects: Acute inhalation exposure to epichlorohydrin in the workplace has caused irritation to the eyes, respiratory tract, and skin of workers. At high levels of exposure, nausea, vomiting, cough, labored breathing, chemical pneumonitis (inflammation of the lung), pulmonary edema, and renal lesions may be observed in humans. (1,2) Dermal contact with epichlorohydrin may result in irritation and burns of the skin in humans and animals. (1) In rats and mice acutely exposed to epichlorohydrin by inhalation, nasal and lower respiratory tract irritation and lesions, hemorrhage, and severe edema have been observed. Renal degeneration and CNS depression with paralysis of respiration and cardiac arrest have also resulted from acute inhalation exposure in animals. (13) Tests involving acute exposure of rats, mice and rabbits have demonstrated epichlorohydrin to have high acute toxicity from inhalation, oral, and dermal exposure. (4) Chronic Effects (Noncancer): Chronic occupational exposure of humans to epichlorohydrin in air is associated with high levels of respiratory tract illness and hematological effects (decreased hemoglobin concentration and decreased erythrocyte and leukocyte counts). (1,5) Chronic inhalation exposure has been observed to