【正文】 ( 1 )Epichlorohydrin is also listed as an inert ingredient in mercial ，在商業(yè)農(nóng)藥領(lǐng)域。慢性（長期）職業(yè)暴露人類環(huán)氧氯丙烷在空氣中是相關(guān)的高水平的呼吸道的疾病和血液的效果。 Acute (shortterm) inhalation exposure to epichlorohydrin in the workplace has caused irritation to the eyes, respiratory tract, and skin of workers. Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. . Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Cincinnati, OH.s emergency response planning guidelines. ERPG 1 is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed up to one hour without experiencing other than mild transient adverse health effects or perceiving a clearly defined objectionable odor。g/m3)1. EPA estimates that, if an individual were to continuously breathe air containing epichlorohydrin at an average of 181。 EPA has classified epichlorohydrin as a Group B2, probable human carcinogen. Please Note: The main sources of information for this fact sheet are EPA39。00149V=2∏d2/4=5∏d3, d= l= 公稱直徑350 mm 外徑 377 mm 壁厚 9mm (1)喉管長度：l=2D丙烯外=231=84mm(2)混合器與反應(yīng)器連接椎體角300故反應(yīng)器椎體高度=[（反應(yīng)器內(nèi)徑后管內(nèi)徑）/2]tg150=（35925）/2/tg15=(3)噴嘴椎體角度為 320故噴嘴椎體高度=[（d進(jìn)外徑d噴外經(jīng)）]=(7618)/2/tg18=(4)丙烯環(huán)隙入口椎體角度為 320，故反應(yīng)丙烯環(huán)隙入口椎體高度=[（丙烯入口管內(nèi)徑后管內(nèi)徑）/2]/tg16=(23125)/2/tg16= 氯精二塔：塔計算有前物料得進(jìn)料F=塔頂出料：D= kmol/h=,塔釜出料：W=回流比R=20，進(jìn)料狀態(tài)q=1.、則塔徑計算：V=L+D ， V=L =, 液氣比：， 則有精流段的溫度：T=上升的氣體體積流量：V=nRT/P==上升的氣體重度： =下降液體以AC居多，其物參數(shù)：62度， rL=選外徑為25mm的陶瓷拉西環(huán)為填料，填料因子為450m1, 得到 wf=,D=,則公稱直徑為800mm,外徑 820mm，壁后 10mm提流段：平均溫度：T=（+）/2=上升的氣體量：V提=V精=下降的液體量: 1液氣比=上升的氣體重度：rG=下降液體以12Da為主rL=1059kg/m3 ,uc=, rG/rL=,則：液泛速度：wf=, 操作氣速=, D= 公稱直徑800mm 外徑 820mm 壁厚 10mm則：精餾塔的塔徑800mm 外徑820mm 壁厚 10mm4 附錄106898 英文文獻(xiàn)及翻譯Air Toxics Site106898 Epichlorohydrin (1Chloro2,3Epoxypropane)1068985=（41?！婢談=247。 冷蒸塔據(jù)物料平衡計算塔頂要求的工藝溫度為40℃，塔釜要求的工藝溫度為56℃。：在Cl2中有少量的N2，N2是不活潑的氣體，不與原料或生成的產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行反應(yīng)，所以N2的量沒有變，也沒有給反應(yīng)帶來危險和造成分離上的困難。缺點(diǎn)是原料氯氣引起的設(shè)備腐蝕嚴(yán)重，對丙烯純度和反應(yīng)器的材質(zhì)要求高，能耗大，氯耗量高，副產(chǎn)物多，產(chǎn)品收率低?；瘜W(xué)式：CH2=CHCH2Cl；分子質(zhì)量：； 性狀：常溫下為無色液體，有辛辣味，易揮發(fā)。 環(huán)氧氯丙烯的用途氯丙烯作為一種重要的石油化工中間產(chǎn)品，一般不直接作為商品出售，主要是 用于生產(chǎn)環(huán)氧氯丙烷、丙烯醇、甘油、烯丙胺、烯丙酯等下游產(chǎn)品。此外，環(huán)氧氯丙烷還可用于合成甘油、硝化甘油炸藥、玻璃鋼、電絕緣品、表面活性劑、醫(yī)藥、農(nóng)藥、涂料、膠料、離子交換樹脂、增塑劑、（縮）水甘油衍生物、氯醇橡膠等多種產(chǎn)品，用作纖維素酯、樹脂、纖維素醚的溶劑，用于生產(chǎn)化學(xué)穩(wěn)定劑、化工染料和水處理劑等。題 目：年產(chǎn)4200噸環(huán)氧氯丙烷車間氯丙烯合成工段工藝設(shè)計內(nèi)容摘要設(shè)計對年產(chǎn)4200噸環(huán)氧氯丙烷車間氯丙烯合成工段進(jìn)行了工藝設(shè)計。 環(huán)氧氯丙烯的生產(chǎn)原料及主要產(chǎn)品環(huán)氧氯丙烯是一種重要的有機(jī)化工原料和精細(xì)化工產(chǎn)品，用途十分廣泛。由于氯丙烯是含氯 的烯烴化合物,具有氯有機(jī)化合物和烯烴的重要特征。性活潑，能發(fā)生加合反應(yīng)及聚合反 應(yīng)，水解成丙烯醇，易燃。生產(chǎn)過程產(chǎn)生的含氯化鈣和有機(jī)氯化物污水量大，處理費(fèi)用高，清焦周期短。N2由于K平衡很大，也同樣從冷蒸塔頂出來，并且隨丙烯進(jìn)入一段壓縮，在水冷卻器河沿冷卻器上直接排空出去。由于反應(yīng)的生成物中有大量的HCl氣體，對各種金屬設(shè)備的腐蝕性很大，所以在冷蒸塔內(nèi)壁采用石墨磚防腐。=其中 氯氣量：g氯氣=G液氯==g氮?dú)? G液氯==：G丙烯=g氯氣==g氯氣=G粗（++++2）%=G粗G粗=g氯氣247。%（粗氯化物全部溶解在鹽酸中）。96317104/）0。 Hazard SummaryCreated in April 1992。s IRIS, which contains information on inhalation chronic toxicity and carcinogenic effects of epichlorohydrin and the RfC, and unit cancer risk estimate for inhalation exposure, and the Health and Environmental Effects Profile for Epichlorohydrin. UsesThe primary use of epichlorohydrin is in the production of epoxy resins used in coatings, adhesives, and plastics. (1,5) Epichlorohydrin is also used in the manufacture of synthetic glycerine, textiles, paper, inks and dyes, solvents, surfactants, and pharmaceuticals. (1) Epichlorohydrin is also listed as an inert ingredient in mercial pesticides. (1) Sources and Potential ExposureIndividuals are most likely to be exposed to epichlorohydrin in the workplace. (1) Epichlorohydrin may be released to the ambient air during its production and use. (1) Accidental releases to waterways may expose the general public to epichlorohydrin. (1) Assessing Personal ExposureNo information was located concerning the measurement of personal exposure to epichlorohydrin. Health Hazard InformationAcute Effects: Acute inhalation exposure to epichlorohydrin in the workplace has caused irritation to the eyes, respiratory tract, and skin of workers.g/m3 ( mg/m3) over his or her entire lifetime, that person would theoretically have no more than a oneinamillion increased chance of developing cancer as a direct result of breathing air containing this chemical. Similarly, EPA estimates that breathing air containing 181。 ERPG 2 is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed up to one hour without experiencing or developing irreversible or other serious health effects that could impair their abilities to take protective action. LC50 (Lethal Concentration50)A calculated concentration of a chemical in air to which exposure for a specific length of time is expected to cause death in 50% of a defined experimental animal population. LOAELLowestobservedadverseeffect level. NIOSH IDLHNational Institute of Occupational Safety and Health39。 EPA/540/R97036. Cincinnati, OH. At high levels of exposure, nausea, vomiting, cough, labored breathing, inflammation of the lung, pulmonary edema, and renal lesions may be observed in humans.損害鼻腔通道，呼吸道和腎臟已經(jīng)觀察到，在嚙齒動物暴露于環(huán)氧氯丙烷吸入急性或慢性期。 Sources and Potential Exposure來源和潛在風(fēng)險 Individuals are most likely to be exposed to epichlorohydrin in the ,接觸到的環(huán)氧氯丙烷在工作場所。 ( 1 , 5 )Epichlorohydrin is also used in the manufacture of synthetic glycerine, textiles, paper, inks and dyes, solvents, surfactants, and ，紡織品，紙張，油墨和料，溶劑，表面活性劑和藥品。在高層次的接觸，惡心，嘔吐，咳嗽， labored呼吸，發(fā)炎，肺癌，肺水腫，腎臟病變，可觀察到人類。調(diào)整是在2000年1月 Epichlorohydrin is mainly used in the production of epoxy resins. 1999. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). FY 1997 Update. the concentration of a substance to which most workers can be exposed without adverse ef