【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 hat surround the care of a patients. 【句式翻譯】最近一位美國婦女Terri Schiavo的案例已經(jīng)暴露出許多關(guān)于對昏迷病人的護理的敏感的司法和醫(yī)學問題，她的丈夫打贏了一場官司，在她在昏迷狀態(tài)下度過15年之后，把她與她的生命供應機切斷了?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫菑秃暇?，主語是The recent case，謂語是has exposed，關(guān)系代詞whose在句中引導一個非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Terri Schiavo；關(guān)系代詞that在句中引導一個限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞issues，taken off在句中作賓補。【詞語點撥】1) sensitive ；易受影響的A baby is sensitive to the slightest changes in its mother’s voice. 嬰兒對母親聲音的最細小變化都很敏感。My teeth are really sensitive to hot and cold.我的牙齒對冷熱真地很敏感。2) surround vt. 包圍；環(huán)繞, 圍繞You will discover that you are surrounded by happiness. 你會發(fā)現(xiàn)，幸福其實就是在你身邊。The video images made the visitors feel they were surrounded with wild life. 這些圖像給參觀者產(chǎn)生身處野生動物之中的感覺?！菊Z法點撥】have sth done有三種含義：1)請別人做某事，相當于get sth done 2)遭受一種不幸3)完成某項工作；在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，done做賓補，和賓語sth之間是被動關(guān)系。如：We had the puter repaired immediately. 我們立刻請人把電腦修好了。 I had my watch stolen last night. 昨晚我的手表被偷了。另外，have sb do...讓某人去做……，have sb doing讓一直做……；在這兩個結(jié)構(gòu)中，do和doing和賓語之間都是主動關(guān)系。如：I would have my friend wait for me at the gate of the park. 我要朋友在公園門口等我。The two men had their lights burning all night long. 那兩個人讓燈通宵亮著。17. The court gave their approval for the life support machines to be turned off and while this ruling left Terri’s parents feeling numb and others claiming that life is sacred, which no one has the right to end, many would say it was the right thing to do for Terri. 【句式翻譯】法院批準把生命供養(yǎng)機關(guān)掉，雖然此項裁決使得Terri的父母感到吃驚，而且使其他人聲稱生命是神圣的，沒有人有權(quán)力將其終止，但是許多人都會說這對Terri來說是一件正確的事情。【句式分析】本句是復合句,while引導讓步狀語從句，that引導賓語從句，which引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞life，feeling numb和claiming賓補，it在句中代替to do for…作形式主語?！驹~語點撥】1)approval ；同意，贊成The plan had the approval of the school authorities. 計劃得到學校當局的認可。We expected our plan to meet with approval. 我們希望計劃能得到批準。2)approve ，贊成Her father will never approve of her marrying such a lazy fellow. 她父親永遠不會贊成她嫁給這樣的懶人?！菊Z法點撥】1)leave sb doing 讓/使某人做……，doing在這個結(jié)構(gòu)中作賓補，和賓語sb是主動關(guān)系。如果賓語和賓補是被動關(guān)系，用leave …done。如：Repeated failure had left them feeling very discouraged.三番五次的失敗使他們情緒非常低落。His reply left us all rather confused. 他的答復我們都搞糊涂了。2）動詞不定式或主語從句作主語時，為了保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)的平衡，常用it作形式主語，而將真正的主語置于句末。it沒有具體意義。如： It is a pity that he should refuse my invitation. 他竟然拒絕了我的邀請，真是遺憾！Is it difficult to understand the English program. 理解這個英語節(jié)目難嗎？18. Edmonds is the first African American ever to work as a fulltime speechwriter for a . president。 he is also the first African American to serve as director of speechwriting for the White House. 【句式翻譯】埃德蒙茲是第一個非洲裔美國人作為全職演講撰稿人為美國總統(tǒng)工作。他也是第一位非洲裔美國人作為演講撰稿人總監(jiān)為白宮工作?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪浒袃蓚€由分號分隔開的分句,不定式短語to work…和to serve…都作定語，修飾the first African American?！驹~語點撥】serve v. 服務；用作；端上We found that birch bark could serve as paper. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)樺樹皮可以作紙用。Air hostesses all smile when they serve the passengers. 空姐們?yōu)槌丝头諘r總是滿臉笑容。Please clear your books away so that I can serve dinner. 請把你的書收拾一下以便我端上飯菜?！菊Z法點撥】動詞不定式可以放在表示次序的詞the first, the last等后面以及the only, the very, the right等詞后面作定語, 且與這些詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。結(jié)構(gòu)為：the first/last /only/very/right/best/youngest ...+n./pron. + to do sth，表示“第一個/最后一個/唯一的/恰好的/合適的/最好的/最年輕的……做某事的人/物”。 如：The last man to leave the sinking ship was the captain. 最后一個離開正在下沉的船的那個人是船長。New Zealand was the first nation in modern times to allow women to vote. 新西蘭成為現(xiàn)代史上第一個允許婦女有選舉權(quán)的國家。19. The Olympic spirit the spirit of petition which emphasizes taking part rather than winning has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs. 【句式翻譯】奧林匹克精神—強調(diào)參與而不是取勝的競技精神—已經(jīng)被為成功而不惜一切代價的愿望所褻瀆?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫菑秃暇?which引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞spirit，to succeed修飾desire，作定語?！驹~語點撥】rather than 與其；不愿；而不是。用于連接兩個并列成分，連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語動詞應與rather than 前面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致Tom rather than his friends has been chosen. 是湯姆而不是他的朋友們被選中。The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 與其說她買的這件羊毛衫便宜不如說它漂亮。I decided to send an rather than telephone. 我決定發(fā)郵件而不是打電話?！菊Z法點撥】有些名詞后常跟不定式作定語，如：time, way, right, reason, effort, chance, movement, ability, desire, tendency等。如：Thank you for giving me a chance to make a speech. 謝謝你給我發(fā)言的機會。Mr. Green has the ability to bring out the best in others. 格林先生能做到揚人之長。20. When you set out to do something different, there’s no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract of the publisher to be a published writer is unbelievably rewarding. 【句式翻譯】當著手去做不同的事情，看不到結(jié)果，所以，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的名字寫在出版商的合同上—要成為一個出版作家—是令人難以置信的回報?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫菑秃暇洌腥齻€從句，when引導時間狀語從句，so引導結(jié)果狀語從句，where引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞position，to find …在句中作主語。【詞語點撥】rewarding adj. 值得的；有報酬的So far my time with these children has been very rewarding. 到目前為止,我和這些孩子們度過的時光非常有價值。Government service can be a rewarding and secure career. 政府部門的工作可以很有回報，很有保障?！菊Z法點撥】動詞不定式可以作主語，位于句首。如果動詞不定式短語過長，為了避免句子頭重腳輕，可用 it 作形式主語，而將真正的主語動詞不定式短語后置，具體用法參見第17句。如：To obey the law is the duty of everybody. 遵守法律人人有責。To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness in the world.愛人和被人愛是這個世界上最大的幸福。21. To really develop empathy, you’d better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team that has a diverse membership, have a“sharing circle”with your family, or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter. 【句式翻譯】要真正開發(fā)同理心，你最好在養(yǎng)老院或醫(yī)院做志愿者，加入一個有多樣化的會員的俱樂部或團隊，與你的家人有一個“共享圈”，或者在動物收容所照顧寵物?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫菑秃暇?，that引導一個非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞a club or a team，volunteer, join, have和spend是并列的謂語動詞，To really develop…在句中作目的狀語?！驹~語點撥】volunteer v. 志愿 n. 志愿者Some graduates volunteer to work in the countryside. 一些大學生自愿到農(nóng)村去。She now helps in a local school as a volunteer three days a week. 目前她在當?shù)氐囊患覍W校做志愿工作，一周去3天?！菊Z法點撥】不定式to do可以作目的狀語（其否定形式：not to do），相當于in order to do和so as to do (so as to do只能放在句中，不能位于句首)。如：One should get enough exercise to keep healthy. 為了維持身體健康，一個人要有足夠的鍛煉。To find a better job, a lot of people choose to go to the big cities. 為了找份更好的工作，很多人愿意到大城市去。22. Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. 【句式翻譯】自豪地閱讀我寫的內(nèi)容時，我環(huán)顧整個房間，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)我的同學笑得眼淚都要流出來了?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫呛唵尉?，包含有三個非謂語短語，reading my words 和o