【正文】 性定語從句，修飾先行詞position，to find …在句中作主語?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】有些名詞后常跟不定式作定語，如：time, way, right, reason, effort, chance, movement, ability, desire, tendency等?！驹~語點(diǎn)撥】rather than 與其；不愿；而不是。 如：The last man to leave the sinking ship was the captain. 最后一個(gè)離開正在下沉的船的那個(gè)人是船長。Air hostesses all smile when they serve the passengers. 空姐們?yōu)槌丝头?wù)時(shí)總是滿臉笑容。 he is also the first African American to serve as director of speechwriting for the White House. 【句式翻譯】埃德蒙茲是第一個(gè)非洲裔美國人作為全職演講撰稿人為美國總統(tǒng)工作。His reply left us all rather confused. 他的答復(fù)我們都搞糊涂了。2)approve ，贊成Her father will never approve of her marrying such a lazy fellow. 她父親永遠(yuǎn)不會贊成她嫁給這樣的懶人。17. The court gave their approval for the life support machines to be turned off and while this ruling left Terri’s parents feeling numb and others claiming that life is sacred, which no one has the right to end, many would say it was the right thing to do for Terri. 【句式翻譯】法院批準(zhǔn)把生命供養(yǎng)機(jī)關(guān)掉，雖然此項(xiàng)裁決使得Terri的父母感到吃驚，而且使其他人聲稱生命是神圣的，沒有人有權(quán)力將其終止，但是許多人都會說這對Terri來說是一件正確的事情。 I had my watch stolen last night. 昨晚我的手表被偷了。2) surround vt. 包圍；環(huán)繞, 圍繞You will discover that you are surrounded by happiness. 你會發(fā)現(xiàn)，幸福其實(shí)就是在你身邊。16. The recent case of an American women, Terri Schiavo, whose husband won a legal battle to have her taken off life support machines after she spent 15 years in a alike state, has exposed the many sensitive legal and medical issues that surround the care of a patients. 【句式翻譯】最近一位美國婦女Terri Schiavo的案例已經(jīng)暴露出許多關(guān)于對昏迷病人的護(hù)理的敏感的司法和醫(yī)學(xué)問題，她的丈夫打贏了一場官司，在她在昏迷狀態(tài)下度過15年之后，把她與她的生命供應(yīng)機(jī)切斷了?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】將來進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：will be doing，表示“將來某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，或表示要在將來某一時(shí)間開始，并繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作”?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，具體用法參見第11句。14. Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s, genetically modified (GM 轉(zhuǎn)基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the world, mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis. 【句式翻譯】自從二十世紀(jì)九十年代早期首次投入市場以來，轉(zhuǎn)基因食物就不斷地在很多國家開發(fā)和銷售，主要是基于想要結(jié)束世界糧食危機(jī)?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：has/have been doing?！驹~語點(diǎn)撥】marry v. (使)結(jié)婚；嫁；娶Because of her beauty, she has managed to marry above her. 由于貌美，她得以嫁給一個(gè)地位比她高的人。A lot of food is wasted every year. 每年浪費(fèi)掉很多食物。【詞語點(diǎn)撥】inform ，告知；構(gòu)成短語：inform sb of sth通知某人某事I shall inform you soon of the date of my arrival. 我將把我到達(dá)的日期通知你。它剛被打掃過。The two panies have teamed up to develop a new racing car. 那兩個(gè)公司已合作研制新型賽車?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，具體用法參見第10句?！驹~語點(diǎn)撥】1) reach (a) consensus 達(dá)成共識，達(dá)成一致意見It is very difficult for them to reach a consensus on this issue. 他們在這個(gè)問題上很難取得一致意見。如：We have booked a room for today and tomorrow. 我們已經(jīng)預(yù)訂了今天和明天的房間?！　揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫怯刹⒘羞B詞and連接的復(fù)合句，第一個(gè)分句運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：was/were doing，表示“過去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作”。【句式分析】本句包含一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句，從句中運(yùn)用了過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。2) affect ，感動(dòng) I told him firmly that his opinion will not affect my decision.我堅(jiān)定的告訴他，他的觀點(diǎn)不會影響我的決定。When we get there，she’ll have gone to work. 我們到那里時(shí)她會已上班去了。John wanted to change over to a more suitable job. 約翰想換一個(gè)更加適合的工作。By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a living by himself. 12歲時(shí)，愛迪生就開始自己謀生。【語法點(diǎn)撥】過去完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：had done，表示“過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作。5. He worked there through his school and university years until 1942, a year after he had gained a Master’s degree at university in chemistry. 【句式翻譯】他讀中學(xué)和大學(xué)的那段時(shí)間都在那里工作，一直到1942年，也就是他在大學(xué)里獲得化學(xué)碩士學(xué)位后的那一年。2）spend some money/ time on sth=spend some money/time (in) doing sth表示“花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、金錢等)做某事”，其中的介詞in可以省略?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪浜小皌he+比較級，the+比較級”的句式，同時(shí)含有兩個(gè)非限制性定語從句，分別修飾先行詞the time和the more time。【語法點(diǎn)撥】當(dāng)我們要對兩個(gè)人或物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，就采用比較級，比較級的構(gòu)成：形容詞或副詞的比較級+than+比較成分，意思是：“更……些”或“較……”。3. She found that kids praised for “trying hard” did better on testes and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than those praised for being “smart”. 【句式翻譯】她發(fā)現(xiàn)因?yàn)榕Ρ槐頁P(yáng)的孩子比因?yàn)槁斆鞅槐頁P(yáng)的孩子在考試中表現(xiàn)得更好，更愿意承擔(dān)困難的任務(wù)。 Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water if they are not managed carefully. 如果掌控小帆船不夠小心，它們在水中就容易翻?！驹~語點(diǎn)撥】1) expose ；使暴露；be exposed to暴露于；接觸We must expose this shameful activity to the newspapers. 我們一定要向報(bào)社揭露這一無恥行徑。如：China is larger than any other country in Asia. 中國比亞洲任何別的國家都大。3) appeal to吸引；appeal to sb. for sth/appeal to sb. to do sth 呼吁某人干某事；求助于Blue and red appeal to me, but I don’t like gray or yellow. 我喜歡藍(lán)色和紅色, 而不喜歡灰色或黃色。【詞語點(diǎn)撥】1)likely adj. 可能的；常用于句型：sb/sth be likely to do= it is likely that… 可能做……He’s very likely to send me an tonight. =It’s very likely that he’ll send me an tonight. 很可能他今晚會給我發(fā)電子郵件?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫且粋€(gè)含有so引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句的復(fù)合句，同時(shí)又含有一個(gè)than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句。We read the sentence through, but could not make sense of it. 我們我們把句子看了一遍, 但不明白它說些什么?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】本句中的 than any other…，意為“比其他任何一個(gè)……”，所談?wù)摰膶ο笤诒容^的范圍之內(nèi)；若不在范圍之內(nèi)，則不用 other?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪浜小皌he+比較級，the+比較級”的句式，同時(shí)又含有一個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞adults。 He managed to send the tourists to the airport in time. 他設(shè)法把游客及時(shí)送到機(jī)場。The longer she worked at it, the more enthusiastic she became. 她越干越來勁。The chameleon can take on the colour of its background. 變色龍可呈現(xiàn)出與其背景相同的顏色。4. Perhaps more importantly, the better you are at managing the time you devote to your studies, the more time you will have to spend on your outside interests. 【句式翻譯】也許更重要的是，你越善于管理你的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間，你就會有更多的時(shí)間用在你課外的興趣上。After her marriage, the singer couldn’t devote herself totally to her music. 結(jié)婚之后這個(gè)歌手無法全力傾注于音樂?！菊Z法點(diǎn)撥】“the+比較級，the+比較級”，表示“越……越……”，具體用法參見第2句。They realized that passing the exam was no longer enough to gain a place at university. 他們認(rèn)識到僅僅通過這個(gè)考試，并不能確保在大學(xué)獲得一席之位。如：His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the gift he had long expected. 當(dāng)她終于收到她盼望已久的禮物時(shí)，她興奮得兩眼閃光。【詞語點(diǎn)撥】suitable ，適當(dāng)?shù)?；?gòu)成短語：be suitable for適合……They don’t think this article is suitable for publication. 他們認(rèn)為這篇文章不宜發(fā)表。如：He will have finished writing his novel by the end of next year. 到明年年底他就會寫完他的小說了?！驹~語點(diǎn)撥】1) celebrate The whole city celebrated the New Year with fireworks. 全城放焰火來慶祝新年。8. One of the earliest epidemics on record happened about 500550 AD when the Roman emperor at the time was attempting to rebuild the Roman Empire. 【句式翻譯】歷史上有記載的最早的傳染病之一發(fā)生在公元500550年，當(dāng)時(shí)的羅馬皇帝正在試圖重建羅馬帝國。