【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ellet vs a chip or chafe） – 有些客戶采用手工計數(shù)法（這種方法在決定哪些顆粒算作碎片或磨屑時會導(dǎo)致爭議） – Some suppliers report g per 100 pellets or a similar measure – 有些供應(yīng)商報告為每 100顆塑料粒子的重量（克），或類似的計量方法 Powder particle size distribution 粉料的顆粒度分布 ? Malvern Matersizer measures the size of particles falling from a powder feeder using a laser light source and multiple detectors ? 采用 Malvern Matersizer 激光粒度儀作顆粒度測定，被測粉料的樣品從加料器中加入，使用激光光源和多通道檢測器進(jìn)行顆粒度計數(shù) ? Software reports result ? 使用專用的軟件來報告測定的結(jié)果 ? Sieve test often used (more labor intensive) ? 經(jīng)常采用篩分試驗（但需耗費較多的人力） Powder Residual Metals Analysis 粉料殘余金屬含量分析 ? Uses XRF instrument and procedure ? 采用 X射線熒光光度計和測試步驟進(jìn)行測試 ? Typically track aluminum, titanium, and chlorine ? 通常追蹤鋁、鈦和氯的殘余量 ? Can be used to help determine catalyst activity (how much catalyst is needed to produce X kg of PP) ? 測試結(jié)果可以用于決定催化劑的活性（生產(chǎn) X公斤聚丙烯需要多少催化劑） Dirt / Contamination / Appearance 雜物／污染物／外觀 ? For dirt and contamination, a 4” X 4” X 1/8” plaque is pression molded. ? 壓制一個 4” X 4” X 1/8” 的樣板，用于雜物和污染物測定 ? Plaque visually inspected for dirt amp。 contamination ? 對樣板進(jìn)行雜物和污染物的目視檢測 ? Pellet appearance – 45 g of pellets poured into square tray 1 pellet deep ? 塑料粒子的外觀－將 45克塑料粒子倒入一個顆粒深度的方型盤中，檢查 – Fines are small particles 10 mesh (usually tails from poor cut) – 粒度小于 10目的為細(xì)料（通常為粒料切割不當(dāng)而產(chǎn)生的尾料） – Snake skins: thin streamers/films formed from abrasion/buildup of resin in transfer pipes – 蛇皮料：由于樹脂顆粒在輸料管道中摩擦和積聚而形成的薄的條帶／薄膜 – Angel hair: thin, small strands of fiber/film similar to snake skin (frequently ball together in clumps) – 毛邊料：類似于蛇皮料的薄的、小纖維條／薄膜束（常常團(tuán)聚成為塊狀） – Chips: fragment of pellets – 片狀料：塑料粒子的碎片 – Smears: flattened pellets not cut cleanly – 扁平料；沒有完全切割好的扁平的塑料粒子 – Tails: pellets with small strands attached – knives not cutting well – 尾料：連有細(xì)小的料束的塑料粒子－切割刀片沒有切割好 – Doubles: two pellets joined by film – knives not cutting cleanly – 雙聯(lián)料：由薄膜連接的兩顆塑料顆粒－切割刀片沒有切割干凈 Filter Pressure Rise / Gel Test 過濾器壓力升高／凝膠試驗 ? Neither used at Chocolate Bayou, both run at Deer Park ? Chocolate Bayou兩種試驗均不進(jìn)行， Deer Park兩種試驗都采用 ? In filter pressure rise test, resin is extruded long enough to flush extruder, a new filter disk is inserted, and a specific amount of resin (or time) is run and the pressure rise measured. This is an indication of resin cleanliness – normally not a problem with 4th generation catalysts ? 在過濾器壓力升高試驗中，先用樹脂樣進(jìn)行足夠長時間的擠出以便將擠出機沖洗干凈，然后插入一張新的過濾盤，擠出規(guī)定量的樹脂（或運行規(guī)定的時間），測定壓力的升高。壓力升高值可以代表樹脂的清潔程度－對于第四代催化劑通常不會存在樹脂清潔度問題 ? In gel test, the resin is extruded into a film and the film is examined for gels (often an automated process). Generally not an issue with 4th generation catalyst, can be an issue with ICPs. ? 在凝膠試驗中將樹脂擠出成一張薄膜，然后測定薄膜上的凝膠點（通常采用一種自動的測試過程）。對于用第四代催化劑生產(chǎn)的樹脂通常不會出現(xiàn)問題，對于抗沖共聚物（ ICPs）會有問題 NonRoutine Polymer Testing 非常規(guī)聚合物試驗 ? GPC MWD ? 氣體滲透色譜法測定分子量分布 ? NMR Tacticity ? 核磁共振法測定立構(gòu)規(guī)正度 ? DSC Melting Behavior ? 差示掃描量熱法測定熔融特性 GPC – MWD 氣體滲透色譜法－測定分子量分布 ? Gas Permeation Chromatography ? 氣體滲透色譜法 ? Measures molecule length (bigger molecules take longer to go through the column) ? 測定分子的長度（大分子需要花費更多的時間透過色譜柱） ? Reported as: ? 報告為： – Number average molecular weight (Mn)， 數(shù)均分子量（ Mn) – Weight average molecular weight (Mw)， 重均分子量（ Mw) – Z average MW (Mz)， Z平均分子量（ Mz) – Mz+1 (the really long chains)， Mz+1（真正的長分子鏈） ? Typically used to reverse engineer petitive resins, benchmark a resin, or for experimental purposes (evaluate new catalysts, reactor conditions, etc). ? 通常用于對工程競爭樹脂進(jìn)行逆向研究，建立樹脂的基準(zhǔn)樣，或用于實驗研究的目的（評價新型催化劑、反應(yīng)器條件等） NMR Tacticity 核磁共振法測定立構(gòu)規(guī)正度 ? Nuclear Magic Resonance Spectroscopy ? 核磁共振光譜法 – Expensive，昂貴 – Determines how carbons are bonded，檢測碳原子是如何連接的 ? Tells you how “perfect” or isotactic a resin samples is. ? 可以告訴您，一種樹脂樣品是如何“結(jié)構(gòu)完美”或全同立規(guī)的 ? The higher the isotacticity, the more perfect the molecules, the higher the strength and stiffness ? 全同立規(guī)的程度越高，分子的結(jié)構(gòu)就越完美，強度和剛性就越大 ? Low