【正文】 ，我們采用： ISO 527標(biāo)準(zhǔn) In NA, we use: ASTM D638， 在北美，我們采用： ASTM D638標(biāo)準(zhǔn) Units : Modulus ? MPa (psi in NA)，單位：模量 ? MPa（北美用 psi) Strength at yield and at break ? MPa (psi in NA) 屈服和斷裂強(qiáng)度 ? MPa (北美用 psi) Elongation at break and at yield (%)，屈服和斷裂伸長率（％） Elongation at break 斷裂伸長率 Strength at break 斷裂強(qiáng)度 Elongation at yield 屈服伸長率 Strength at yield 屈服強(qiáng)度 Tensile Test – Continued 拉伸試驗 － 續(xù) ? yield point beyond which the material deforms irreversibly ?屈服點 ：超過該點后材料的變形是不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的 ? break point where the material can not stretch anymore: it breaks. ?斷裂點： 材料發(fā)生斷裂，再也無法伸長 From G. Hallot presentation 摘自 G. Hallot 的演示 General Rules for Tensiles 拉伸試驗的通用規(guī)律 ? Lower MFR = Lower Tensile Strength ? 較低的 MFR = 較低的抗拉強(qiáng)度 ? Higher Tacticity = Higher Tensile Strength ? 較高的規(guī)正度 = 較高的抗拉強(qiáng)度 ? Lower Solubles = Higher Tensile Strength ? 較低的可溶物 = 較高的抗拉強(qiáng)度 ? Narrower MWD = Higher Tensile Strength ? 較窄分子量分布 = 較高的抗拉強(qiáng)度 ? Nucleation = Higher Tensile Strength ? 晶核形成 = 較高的抗拉強(qiáng)度 ? Ethylene Content = Lower Tensile strength ? 較高的乙烯含量 = 較低的抗拉強(qiáng)度 Flexural Modulus 彎曲模量 ? Measures stiffness ? 測量剛度 ? ASTM D790A Tests bar molded bar stiffness in a three point test: bar is supported at ends, and a standard tip presses against the middle and measures load/resistance. ? ASTM D790A – 在一個三點試驗中測試模塑樣條的剛度：樣條的兩端受到支撐，用一個測試尖端壓在樣條的中部，測試載荷／沖擊強(qiáng)度， ? Typically reported as kpsi or MPa ? 通常報告的單位為 kpsi 或 MPa General Rules for Flex Mod 彎曲模量的通用規(guī)律 ? Lower MFR = Higher Flexural Modulus ? 較低的 MFR = 較高的彎曲模量 ? Higher Tacticity = Higher Flex Mod ? 較高的立構(gòu)規(guī)整度 = 較高的彎曲模量 ? Lower Solubles = Higher Flex Mod ? 較低的可溶物 = 較高的彎曲模量 ? Narrower MWD = Higher Flex Mod ? 較窄的分子量分布 = 較高的彎曲模量 ? Nucleation = Higher Flex Mod ? 晶核形成 = 較高的彎曲模量 ? Higher Ethylene Content = Lower Flex Mod ? 較高的乙烯含量 = 較低的彎曲模量 Heat Deflection Temperature 熱變形溫度 ? Measures stiffness/heat resistance ? 測量剛度／耐熱性能 ? Bar is supported at the ends in an oven with a tip under a standard load pressing down on it. The temperature is increased at a steady rate until the bar deflects by (ASTM D648) ? 將樣條兩端支撐起來，置于烘箱內(nèi)，在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的載荷下用一個測量尖端向下施壓。北美常采用缺口樣條沖擊試驗 ? Unnotched side is impacted with a pendulum – the height to which the pendulum rebounds indicates the energy absorbed by the sample (or it breaks) ? 用擺錘沖擊樣條不開缺口的一側(cè)，擺錘回彈的高度表明了樣條吸收的能量（或完全斷裂） ? HPP typically has very poor impact (brittle), especially cold impact ? 均聚聚丙烯通常具有較差的抗沖擊強(qiáng)度（脆性的），特別在冷態(tài)沖擊試驗中 ? RCP slightly better ? 無規(guī)共聚物的抗沖擊強(qiáng)度略好 ? ICP very good。 contamination ? 對樣板進(jìn)行雜物和污染物的目視檢測 ? Pellet appearance – 45 g of pellets poured into square tray 1 pellet deep ? 塑料粒子的外觀－將 45克塑料粒子倒入一個顆粒深度的方型盤中，檢查 – Fines are small particles 10 mesh (usually tails from poor cut) – 粒度小于 10目的為細(xì)料（通常為粒料切割不當(dāng)而產(chǎn)生的尾料） – Snake skins: thin streamers/films formed from abrasion/buildup of resin in transfer pipes – 蛇皮料：由于樹脂顆粒在輸料管道中摩擦和積聚而形成的薄的條帶／薄膜 – Angel hair: thin, small strands of fiber/film similar to snake skin (frequently ball together in clumps) – 毛邊料：類似于蛇皮料的薄的、小纖維條／薄膜束（常常團(tuán)聚成為塊狀） – Chips: fragment of pellets – 片狀料：塑料粒子的碎片 – Smears: flattened pellets not cut cleanly – 扁平料；沒有完全切割好的扁平的塑料粒子 – Tails: pellets with small strands attached – knives not cutting well – 尾料：連有細(xì)小的料束的塑料粒子－切割刀片沒有切割好 – Doubles: two pellets joined by film – knives not cutting cleanly – 雙聯(lián)料：由薄膜連接的兩顆塑料顆粒－切割刀片沒有切割干凈 Filter Pressure Rise / Gel Test 過濾器壓力升高／凝膠試驗 ? Neither used at Chocolate Bayou, both run at Deer Park ? Chocolate Bayou兩種試驗均不進(jìn)行， Deer Park兩種試驗都采用 ? In filter pressure rise test, resin is extruded long enough to flush extruder, a new filter disk is inserted, and a specific amount of resin (or time) is run and the pressure rise measured. This is an indication of resin cleanliness – normally not a problem with 4th generation catalysts ? 在過濾器壓力升高試驗中，先用樹脂樣進(jìn)行足夠長時間的擠出以便將擠出機(jī)沖洗干凈，然后插入一張新的過濾盤，擠出規(guī)定量的樹脂（或運行規(guī)定的時間），測定壓力的升高