【正文】 Higher Tensile Strength ? 較高的規(guī)正度 = 較高的抗拉強(qiáng)度 ? Lower Solubles = Higher Tensile Strength ? 較低的可溶物 = 較高的抗拉強(qiáng)度 ? Narrower MWD = Higher Tensile Strength ? 較窄分子量分布 = 較高的抗拉強(qiáng)度 ? Nucleation = Higher Tensile Strength ? 晶核形成 = 較高的抗拉強(qiáng)度 ? Ethylene Content = Lower Tensile strength ? 較高的乙烯含量 = 較低的抗拉強(qiáng)度 Flexural Modulus 彎曲模量 ? Measures stiffness ? 測(cè)量剛度 ? ASTM D790A Tests bar molded bar stiffness in a three point test: bar is supported at ends, and a standard tip presses against the middle and measures load/resistance. ? ASTM D790A – 在一個(gè)三點(diǎn)試驗(yàn)中測(cè)試模塑樣條的剛度：樣條的兩端受到支撐，用一個(gè)測(cè)試尖端壓在樣條的中部，測(cè)試載荷／沖擊強(qiáng)度， ? Typically reported as kpsi or MPa ? 通常報(bào)告的單位為 kpsi 或 MPa General Rules for Flex Mod 彎曲模量的通用規(guī)律 ? Lower MFR = Higher Flexural Modulus ? 較低的 MFR = 較高的彎曲模量 ? Higher Tacticity = Higher Flex Mod ? 較高的立構(gòu)規(guī)整度 = 較高的彎曲模量 ? Lower Solubles = Higher Flex Mod ? 較低的可溶物 = 較高的彎曲模量 ? Narrower MWD = Higher Flex Mod ? 較窄的分子量分布 = 較高的彎曲模量 ? Nucleation = Higher Flex Mod ? 晶核形成 = 較高的彎曲模量 ? Higher Ethylene Content = Lower Flex Mod ? 較高的乙烯含量 = 較低的彎曲模量 Heat Deflection Temperature 熱變形溫度 ? Measures stiffness/heat resistance ? 測(cè)量剛度／耐熱性能 ? Bar is supported at the ends in an oven with a tip under a standard load pressing down on it. The temperature is increased at a steady rate until the bar deflects by (ASTM D648) ? 將樣條兩端支撐起來(lái)，置于烘箱內(nèi)，在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的載荷下用一個(gè)測(cè)量尖端向下施壓。以一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的升溫速率升高溫度直至樣條變形達(dá)到 （ ASTM D648） ? Typically has same trends as flex mod. ? 通常和彎曲模量有相同的趨勢(shì) ? Fillers and nucleation will increase stiffness ? 填充料和晶核形成會(huì)增加剛度 Notched Izod Impact Test 缺口（艾氏）沖擊試驗(yàn) ? Measures the ability of the polymer to absorb an impact. ? 測(cè)定聚合物吸收沖擊的能力 ? ASTM D256 uses 1/8” thick bar. NA typically runs notched bar test. ? ASTM D256采用 1/8” 厚的樣條。北美常采用缺口樣條沖擊試驗(yàn) ? Unnotched side is impacted with a pendulum – the height to which the pendulum rebounds indicates the energy absorbed by the sample (or it breaks) ? 用擺錘沖擊樣條不開缺口的一側(cè)，擺錘回彈的高度表明了樣條吸收的能量（或完全斷裂） ? HPP typically has very poor impact (brittle), especially cold impact ? 均聚聚丙烯通常具有較差的抗沖擊強(qiáng)度（脆性的），特別在冷態(tài)沖擊試驗(yàn)中 ? RCP slightly better ? 無(wú)規(guī)共聚物的抗沖擊強(qiáng)度略好 ? ICP very good。 cold impact good enough for bumpers and frozen food containers ? 等規(guī)共聚物有極好的抗沖擊強(qiáng)度：冷態(tài)下的抗沖擊強(qiáng)度極好可以制作保險(xiǎn)杠和冷凍食品的容器 Other Impact Measurements 其它沖擊強(qiáng)度測(cè)定方法 ? Charpy Impact ? 擺錘式?jīng)_擊試驗(yàn)機(jī) – Also a pendulum test similar to Izod – 也是一種類似于艾氏缺口沖擊強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)的擺錘式?jīng)_擊強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn) ? Gardner, Falling Dart ? 加德納，落錘試驗(yàn) – A weighted dart is dropped on the sample instead of an impact by a pendulum – 一個(gè)有規(guī)定重量的試錘跌落到試樣上，代替用擺錘進(jìn)行沖擊試驗(yàn) Hardness 硬度 ? Two most mon methods are Shore and Rockwell Hardness ? 肖氏和洛氏硬度試驗(yàn)是兩種最常用的測(cè)試方法 ? Measures the plastics resistance to indentation ? 測(cè)定塑料對(duì)壓痕的耐受能力 零基準(zhǔn)線 最小負(fù)載 F0＋主要負(fù)載 F1＝總負(fù)載 F 最小負(fù)載 F0 最小負(fù)載 F0 Gloss, Haze, Clarity amp。 Blush 光澤度，混濁度，透明度和泛紅光 ? All appearance properties ? 所有的外觀性能 ? Gloss is a measure of the surface reflectance and surface smoothness ? 光澤度就是測(cè)定表面的反光性和表面平整度 ? Haze (and clarity) measure the clarity or clearness of a film or plaque sample (nucleated RCP’s have the best clarity) ? 混濁度（透明度）測(cè)定薄膜或樣片的透明度或清晰度（成核的無(wú)規(guī)共聚物有最好的透明度） ? Blush occurs when a ICP bar is bent and the PE portion of the matrix absorbs the energy. ? 將抗沖共聚物樣條折彎時(shí)，基質(zhì)的聚乙烯部分會(huì)吸收能量，會(huì)出現(xiàn)泛紅光的現(xiàn)象 Other Tests 其它試驗(yàn) ? You will encounter a large variety of other test methods ? 您將會(huì)遇到很多其它試驗(yàn)方法 ? Some will be scientific and controlled, some will be a test that a technician made up (put a PP pail in a freezer with water – if it splits when the water freezes it fails the test, etc) ? 某些是科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)方法及質(zhì)量控制實(shí)驗(yàn)方法，有些是技術(shù)人員補(bǔ)充的試驗(yàn)方法（例如將一個(gè)聚丙烯的提桶裝水后放入冰箱內(nèi)，當(dāng)水冰凍后假如聚丙烯提桶裂開，就算試驗(yàn)失敗等等） ? Question how necessary a test is for an application ? 對(duì)于一項(xiàng)應(yīng)用，應(yīng)對(duì)是否必須進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)提出疑問(wèn) – If a molded part is pigmented, why worry about haze? – 假如一個(gè)模塑零件是著色的，那么為什么還要擔(dān)心樹脂的渾濁度呢？ – Why should a disposable chopstick have low temperature impact requirements? – 為什么一次性筷子還必須有低溫抗沖擊性能的要求？