【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 l.9 I lived in Beijing five years ago.10 I received a letter from my pen friend in ：詞類是孤立的單詞的分類；而句子成分則指單詞、詞組、短語或從句在句中的作用。句子的各種成分總是由屬于一定詞類的單詞（或詞組、短語、從句）來擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)?。因此在詞類和句子成分之間存在著某種對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系?，F(xiàn)將這種對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系列表如下：主語賓語表語定語狀語賓(主)語補(bǔ)足語名 詞√√√√√√代 詞√√√√√形容詞√√√副 詞√√數(shù) 詞√√√√√不定式√√√√√√分 詞√√√√動(dòng)名詞√√√√介詞短語√√√√教學(xué)反思：Period 4 句子的時(shí)態(tài)1 Classes begin at eight every day. has read this book many times.3 Mrs Brown looks very healthy. 4 Grandma told me an interesting story last night.5 Children, keep quiet please.6 Mr Johnson taught us German last year. 7 The leaves have turned yellow. 8 We will make our school more beautiful.9 I lived in Beijing five years ago.10 I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia.注意不同動(dòng)詞形式表達(dá)不同的時(shí)態(tài)，不同的時(shí)態(tài)用來表示在不同的時(shí)間以不同的方式發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。英語中動(dòng)詞有16種時(shí)態(tài)，我們要重點(diǎn)掌握一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)這八種時(shí)態(tài)寫出各種時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)(以study為例)　一般時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在study / studies過去studied將來shall / will studyis/am/are going to study(一 )一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：概念: 表示習(xí)慣、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作結(jié)構(gòu): do、 does標(biāo)志語：usually、often、never、 sometimes、once a week、 twice a month、every year練習(xí)1：用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1. The twins ___________(wash) the clothes every day.2. Sometimes he ________ (play) basketball over there.3. How often ____ Sally ______(sing)?4. Where _____ you ______ (e) from? America. 練習(xí)2：寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如：sing: sings. 1. read _________。 bring_________。 cook ________。 use __________2. miss_________。 watch ________。 finish ________。 fix ______。 go ______。 do ________。 3. study ___________。 fly ___________。 say ____________。 stay __________。 4. have___________.Homework練習(xí)1：用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 usually ____ (go) running for half an hour at the weekend.2. My grandparents ______ (like) watching TV very much.3. This ___(be) my cat. It ____(love) me.4. ____ (be) your sister a member of the Reading Club?5. She often _____ (finish) her homework at 9:00 in the evening.6. We ________ (not have) a Music lesson on Thursday.7. His uncle __________ (not get) up early on Saturday.鞏固練習(xí)2：.句型轉(zhuǎn)換 often flies a kite in the park.(改為否定句)He ______ often ____ a kite in the park. always misses the early bus in the morning.（改為一般疑問句） _____ she always _____ the early bus in the morning?3. Her mother usually watches TV in the evening.（提問）____ ____ her mother usually ____ in the evening?4. Boys like playing puter games.(改為否定句)Boys _____ ______ playing puter games.鞏固練習(xí)3：.根據(jù)中文提示，把下列句子翻譯成英語1. 我們時(shí)常相互通信。2. 他努力工作3. 光比聲音傳播快。4. 如果你嘗試，你會(huì)成功的。（二）一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1）一般過去時(shí)用法：過去時(shí)間發(fā)生的或過去經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞過去式（ed）v如：do did。 work worked。 study studied。 stop stopped。 get got... 否定構(gòu)成：didn39。t+動(dòng)原一般疑問構(gòu)成及簡答舉例：Did+主語+動(dòng)原+其它？特殊疑問句舉例：What did he do yesterday? When did he get up this morning?2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：have/has+過去分詞(ed) 如：have/has worked否定構(gòu)成：have/has not+過去分詞一般疑問構(gòu)成： Have/Has+主語+過去分詞…?特殊疑問句舉例：What have you done recently? How long has he lived in Beijing?練習(xí)：朗誦下列句子，體會(huì)一般過去時(shí)的用法1. He arrived in Hangzhou an hour ago. [解析：_______________________________________。]2. Their children often went hungry in the old days. [解析：____________________________________。]3. At that time she spoke very good English. [解析：_______________________________________。]4. Did you play volleyball yesterday afternoon?[解析：_______________________________________。]5. I saw him today. [解析：_______________________________________。] 6. She has already finished the work.[解析：_______________________________________。]7. Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already.[解析_____________________________。]8. I39。ve just lost my science book. [解析：_______________________________________。]9. She has learnt English for 3 years. [解析：_______________________________________。]10. They have lived here since 1990.[解析：_______________________________________。]體會(huì)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)has been to和has gone to的區(qū)別Where is Tom? He39。s gone to Australia. Oh! Is it his first time to go there? No. He39。s been there three times already. 譯： 前面是說Tom現(xiàn)在不在,去澳大利亞了,后面是說他以前去過那里三次. 這兩句中的has gone和has been是不能換的. (三 ).現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)概念: 表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作結(jié)構(gòu): 主語+be (am, is, are)+現(xiàn)在分詞(v.+ing)【練習(xí)1】寫出下列動(dòng)詞的ing形式。如do doing . be write swim see make begin have die put e lie sit leave stop get 【體會(huì)】朗誦下列句子，體會(huì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法1. Listen! Mary is singing an English song in the classroom. 2. They are planting trees on the hill these days.3. My brother is always leaving things about.【備注】現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)往往與always連用，給現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作披上一層感情色彩。2）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)概念: 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。結(jié)構(gòu)：was /were + Ving?！倔w會(huì)】朗誦下列句子，體會(huì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法1. What were you doing when I phoned you last night? [解析表示____________________________的動(dòng)作。]2. They were building a dam last winter. [解析：表示_________________________的動(dòng)作。]【備注】過去進(jìn)行時(shí)常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如：last night, last Saturday等；或者與when, while, as引導(dǎo)的過去時(shí)間狀語連用。【鞏固練習(xí)】用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空： boy __________________ ( draw) a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls __________( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother ____________ ( cook )some nice food now. is our granddaughter doing?She _________(listen ) to music.5. My father ________________ (make) a model plane when I came back. 6. My family _______________ (watch) a TV play at eight last night. (四) 1. 一般將來時(shí)與過去將來時(shí)1) 一般將來時(shí)概念: 一般將來時(shí)表示將來某一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，或?qū)砟骋欢螘r(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。結(jié)構(gòu)：一般將來時(shí)由助動(dòng)詞shall（第一人稱），will（第二、三人稱）動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。美國英語則不管什么人稱，一律用will。常常和表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用。如：tomorrow（明天）， next week（下周）， from now on（從現(xiàn)在開始）；in the future（將來）等?！倔w會(huì)】朗誦下列句子，體會(huì)一般將來時(shí)的用法1. I will / shall go to visit him next week. 下周我將去拜訪他。2. What time shall we go there tomorrow? 明天我們幾點(diǎn)去那兒? 3. I‘m going to go to the park. 我將要去公園。4. There is going to be a football match this ?！緜渥?】用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來時(shí)1. Uncle Wang is ing. 王叔叔就要來了。2. They39。re leaving for Beijing. 他們即