【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 提示： “be about to do”和“be on the point of doing”結(jié)構(gòu)一般不與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用，但后面可以接when引導(dǎo)的分句。 I was about to start when it suddenly began to rain. 我正要?jiǎng)由硖焱蝗幌掠炅?。進(jìn)行時(shí)二、進(jìn)行時(shí) 進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，這個(gè)動(dòng)作是暫時(shí)的，也是未完成的。進(jìn)行時(shí)包括現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)和將來進(jìn)行時(shí)。A．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 1．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)是由“am, is, are +現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成的。 I39。m reading the evening newspaper. 我正在看晚報(bào)。 Now it isn39。t snowing outside. 現(xiàn)在外面不在下雪。 Are they playing soccer in the playground? 他們正在操場上踢足球嗎？ 2．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法①現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法 通常由表示“此刻”的時(shí)間狀語（now, at this moment），或通過Look/Listen!這兩個(gè)提示語來表明此時(shí)此刻動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。 She is making a fire now. 她正在生火。 Listen! Mary is singing an English song in the classroom. 聽！瑪麗正在教室里唱英文歌。 They are planting trees on the hill these days. 這幾天他們正在山上種樹。 I don39。t really work here。 I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives. 我并不在這兒工作，我只是在新秘書來之前幫幫忙罷了。 能這樣用的動(dòng)詞并不多，通常是arrive, begin, e, do, drive, fly, go, leave, stay等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞。這種用法比較生動(dòng)，給人以一種期待感。 Jane and Betty are going on holiday in a few days. 幾天后簡和貝蒂將出去度假。 Where are you staying in Guangzhou? 你到廣州后準(zhǔn)備住在哪里？ ②現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊用法 ，帶有“厭惡”、“贊嘆”等感情色彩 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)往往與constantly, always, forever等狀語連用，給現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作披上一層感情色彩。 She39。s constantly plaining. 她不停地抱怨。 My brother is always leaving things about. 我弟弟總是亂丟東西。 He is forever thinking of doing more for the students. 他總是想著為學(xué)生多做些事情。 The house is falling down. 房子正在倒下。 The weather is changing for the better. 天氣慢慢轉(zhuǎn)好了。 注意： 有時(shí)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作剛剛開始。 I39。m forgetting my English. 我的英語開始忘了。 Food is costing more. 食品貴了起來。 The train is arriving late almost every day this summer. 這個(gè)夏季火車幾乎天天晚點(diǎn)。 Someone is knocking at the door. 有人不斷地在敲門。 The boy is jumping with joy. 那男孩高興地跳個(gè)不停。 He who helps others is helping himself. 幫人就是幫自己。 If you insist on doing it, you are doing a foolish thing. 如果你堅(jiān)持做這件事，你就是在干傻事。 be動(dòng)詞一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。但有時(shí)可用“am, is, are + being +形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)表示暫時(shí)或故意如此。 The boy is being 。 I don39。t think you are being fair. 我認(rèn)為你不公平。 He is being modest. 他現(xiàn)在很謙虛。 比較： You are not polite. 你不講禮貌。（一貫如此） You are not being polite. 你可有點(diǎn)兒不禮貌了。（暫時(shí)的現(xiàn)象）3．不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞 ①表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞 這類動(dòng)詞有seem, look, appear, have, belong to, own, hold等。 This backpack belongs to me. 這背包是我的。 He seems rather angry with you. 看起來他很生你的氣。 ②表示知道、信念、理解、推測、懷疑、希望等含義的動(dòng)詞 這類動(dòng)詞有know, remember, understand, see, think, believe, suppose, hope, doubt等。 I don39。t think he will e tomorrow. 我想他明天不會(huì)來。 I still remember the days when we studied together. 我還記得我們一起學(xué)習(xí)的那些日子。 提示： 有時(shí)這些動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)可表示心理狀態(tài)的緩慢發(fā)展過程。 She39。s understanding you better now. 她越來越了解你了。 ③表示要求、心愿等意義的動(dòng)詞 這類動(dòng)詞有want, wish, need, desire等。 Your clothes need washing. 你的衣服需要洗了。 How I wish I were a bird！ 我多希望我是一只鳥??！ ④表示繼續(xù)或持續(xù)含義的動(dòng)詞 這類動(dòng)詞有continue, keep, last, go on等。 She still continues in poor health. 她仍然身體很差。 Every day after finishing his homework, he goes on to do some reading. 他每天做完作業(yè)后，都會(huì)繼續(xù)看會(huì)兒書。 ⑤表示感覺的動(dòng)詞 這類動(dòng)詞有see, hear, smell, taste, feel等。 The apples taste good. 這些蘋果嘗起來不錯(cuò)。 This flower smells nice. 這花聞上去很香。 Your suggestion sounds reasonable. 你的建議聽上去有道理。 注意： 如果這些動(dòng)詞表示一種有意識(shí)的行為，則可用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。 She is tasting the apple. 她正在嘗蘋果。 The dog is smelling the footprints. 狗正在嗅腳印。 The bell is sounding for dinner. 晚飯鈴響了。 4．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的比較 ①暫時(shí)性動(dòng)作和經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作 The puter is working perfectly. 計(jì)算機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)得很好。（暫時(shí)） The puter works perfectly. 計(jì)算機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)很好。（一直如此） ②持續(xù)性動(dòng)作和短暫性動(dòng)作 The bus is stopping. 車停了下來。（漸漸地） The bus 。（迅速） ③暫時(shí)性動(dòng)作和永久性動(dòng)作 She is living in the country. 她現(xiàn)在住在農(nóng)村。（暫時(shí)） She lives in the country. 她住在農(nóng)村。（永久） ④有感情色彩和沒有感情色彩 He is doing well at school. 他在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)很好。（贊揚(yáng)） He does well at school. 他在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)很好。（一般事實(shí)） 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)是由“was / were +現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成的。 I was doing my homework at this time yesterday. 昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候我正在做作業(yè)。 Were you expecting him yesterday? 你昨天一直在等他嗎？ They were not talking when I came in. 我進(jìn)來的時(shí)候他們沒在說話。 ①過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法 I was having supper at 7:00 yesterday evening. 昨天晚上7點(diǎn)我正在吃晚飯。 She was playing the piano while I was reading the newspaper. 她彈鋼琴時(shí)我在看報(bào)。 提示： 當(dāng)句子意思很清楚時(shí)，我們也可以把兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都換成一般過去時(shí)。 We listened closely while the teacher read the text. 老師讀課文時(shí)，我們都仔細(xì)地聽著。 We were talking about you the whole morning. 我們整個(gè)上午都在說你。 He was watching TV at home from 3:00 to 5:00 yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午從3點(diǎn)到5點(diǎn)他一直在看電視。 、安排過去將要發(fā)生的事 He told me that he was going soon. 他告訴我他很快就要走了。 She said she was leaving for New York the next month. 她說她下個(gè)月動(dòng)身去紐約。 ②過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊用法 It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front. 那支醫(yī)療小組往前線行進(jìn)時(shí)天正下著雪。 Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking. 湯姆乘沒人注意時(shí)溜進(jìn)了房間。 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來引出一個(gè)新的動(dòng)作，這種用法頗有點(diǎn)兒像鏡頭轉(zhuǎn)換。 Five minutes later, he was standing at the door, smoking. 5分鐘后，他已站在門口抽著煙。 The baby was crying hard, and suddenly the crying stopped. 這嬰兒在大聲啼哭，突然，哭聲停止了。 She went to the doctor yesterday. She was having a lot of trouble with her heart. 她昨天去看病了。她患了很嚴(yán)重的心臟病。 I haven39。t finished my homework because I was helping my mother at home all day yesterday. 我作業(yè)沒做完是因?yàn)槲易蛱煲恢睅蛬寢屧诩腋苫睢? , constantly等詞連用，表示感情色彩 The girl was always changing her mind. 這女孩老是改變主意。 In the past he was constantly asking me for money. 過去他總是向我要錢。 3．過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別 ①一般過去時(shí)往往表示某一動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作在持續(xù)或未完成。 She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚給朋友寫了封信。（信寫完了） She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在給朋友寫信。（信不一定寫完） ②一般過去時(shí)表示只做一次動(dòng)作，而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作反復(fù)地進(jìn)行。 She waved to me. 她朝我揮了揮手。 She was waving to me. 她不斷地朝我揮手。 The boy jumped up and down. 這男孩跳了一下。 The boy was jumping up and down. 這男孩不停地跳著。 1．將來進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成 將來進(jìn)行時(shí)是由“shall/will + be +現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成的。 Don39。t phone me between 8:00 and 10:00. We39。ll be having classes then. 8點(diǎn)到10點(diǎn)之間不要給我打電話，我們那時(shí)正在上課。 Will you be using your bicycle this evening? 今晚你用自行車嗎？ She won39。t be having a meeti