供應(yīng)鏈管理的國際化問題(編輯修改稿)
2025-02-07 06:51 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 也增加 ?有些地區(qū)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施不足 –工人技能、績效預(yù)期 –供應(yīng)商的可獲得性、可靠性、合同 –缺乏本地技術(shù) –運輸、通信基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施不足 Added Complexities ?Exchange rate uncertainties ?Cultural differences – accepted partnerships, styles – value of punctuality ?Political instability – tax rates – government control ?Added petition “at home” 增加的復(fù)雜性 ?匯率的不確定性 ?文化差異 –可接受的合作伙伴、類型－語言、信仰、習(xí)俗等 –準(zhǔn)時的價值 ?政策不穩(wěn)定性 –稅率 –政府控制 ?應(yīng)對“國內(nèi)”的競爭對手 Additional Issues In Global SCM ?Regional vs. International Products – Cars vs. Cocacola ?Local Autonomy vs. Central Control – SmithKline introducing Contact to Japan – Short term expectations ?Collaborators bee petitors – China – Toshiba copiers, Hitachi microprocessors 全球供應(yīng)鏈管理的其他問題 ?區(qū)域性與全球性產(chǎn)品 –汽車和可口可樂 ?地區(qū)自治和集中控制 –史克公司進(jìn)入日本－地區(qū)自治－成功 –短期預(yù)期－地區(qū)自治，和集中控制不協(xié)調(diào)，短期績效受損 ?合作者變成競爭對手 –中國 –東芝復(fù)印機(jī)、日立微處理器 Case Summary: Pizza Hut Moscow ?Moscow May 1991 ?Two Pizza Huts to open in Moscow “Toe in the water for Western business” ?Pizza Hut 49% partner in joint venture ?Key Issue: Foreign panies cannot repatriate their earnings (ruble earnings could not be converted to hard currencies) How was this addressed? 案例概述：必勝客在莫斯科 ?莫斯科 – 1991年 5月 ?莫斯科開設(shè)了兩家必勝客門店 “西方企業(yè) 水” ?必勝客 49%的伙伴是合資企業(yè) ?關(guān)鍵問題：外國企業(yè)無法匯回利潤（盧布無法兌換成硬通貨） 如何處理這一問題？ Pizza Hut Moscow ?What issues did Pizza Hut face before starting operation? ?How were these issues addressed? ?What issues appeared after the restaurant opened? ?How should these be addressed? 案例概述：必勝客在莫斯科 ?必勝客開業(yè)前面臨哪些問題？ ?開業(yè)后面臨哪些問題？ ?如何應(yīng)對這些問題？ Case Summary: Pizza Hut Moscow ? Difficulties – Communication was difficult – Different concepts of restaurants ?Hygiene days vs. routine hygiene – Construction difficult due to lack of supplies ?Even nuts and bolts needed to be imported – Difficult to get suppliers ?70% USSR sourcing desired to ensure longterm viability ?Difficulty with winter shortages ?Mozzarella unavailable – Couldn’t be made due to poor quality cows – Cows had to be raised differently 案例概述：必勝客在莫斯科 ?困難 – 溝通困難 – 飯店的不同觀念 ?衛(wèi)生日與常規(guī)的衛(wèi)生檢查 – 由于缺乏供應(yīng)商而無法建設(shè) ?就連最基本的東西都要進(jìn)口 – 難以找到供應(yīng)商 ?70%的前蘇聯(lián)供應(yīng)商希望保持長期穩(wěn)定 ?冬季的短缺的困難 ?找不到意大利干酪 – 無法用質(zhì)量差的牛奶生產(chǎn) – 奶牛必須用不同的方法喂養(yǎng) Case Summary: Pizza Hut Moscow ? Difficulties – Quality, reliability unavailable from meat plants – Refrigerated trucks unavailable ? Two restaurants set up: ruble restaurant and hard currency restaurant – Hard currency restaurant more expensive for same items, better service – Hedge against exchange rate risk, get hard currency ? Human Resources – Extremely well educated staff – Unfamiliar with western concepts of qua
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