【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 sun, as is known by everyone. 2.） as 有“如” 、“正如”、“像”、“正像”的含義， which 沒有。后面的謂語動詞多是 see, know, expect, say, mention, report 等。 Bob did an excellent job, as we had expected. Our team won the game, which made us happy. As is known to all, Taiwan is part of China. We are facing the same problems as we did years ago. We are facing the problems which we faced years ago. We hope to get such a tool as he is using. We hope to get the tool which he is using. 3.) as 在引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句多與 such 或 the same 連用，可以代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。 the same…as such….as This is the same story as he told me. I hope to get such a book as he is using 4).as 也可單獨(dú)使用，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，作用相當(dāng)于 which?？纱硪粋€句子。例如： The elephant’s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see. 5).as 做主語時， 其后必跟系動詞，而 which 無此限制 The meeting was put off, as was what we wanted. He was murdered, as seemed true. 6)as 引導(dǎo)從句時，從句語義必須和主句一致 She was married again, which was unexpected 9 She was married again, as was unexpected 7 7） the same …as 與 the same ..that 的區(qū)別： 前者修飾的是原物同樣的 而后者修飾的就是先行詞 This is the same watch as I 。 This is the dame watch that I 。 （十）什么時候 that 可以省略？ 1) 引導(dǎo)同位語從句，主語從句，表語從句不能省略，且不做成分。 The name ― whitewater ‖es from the fact that the water in these streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly. It’s known to all that light travels in straight lines. ( that 置后可一省略 ) The reason for his absence was that he was ill. ( 有時可省，一般不省 ) 2）賓語從句中可以省略 I don’t think (that) you are right. 3） that 只有在定語從句中做成分，可做主、賓、表語。 （十一）關(guān)系代詞做主語，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于先行詞而不是關(guān)系代詞。 I want to see the film that is on show. The students who don’t study hard will not pas the exam. (十二 )one of the… 與 the one of the … 做先行詞時謂語不一致。 Li Bai is one of the greatest poets that have lived in China. Li Bai is the one of the greatest poets that has lived in China. This is one of the books that I have been written in Chinese. This is the only one of the books that has been written in Chinese. （十三）．關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 1．關(guān)系副詞也可以引導(dǎo)定語從句 關(guān)系副詞在從句中分別表示時間．地點(diǎn)或原因。關(guān)系副詞 when 在從句中充當(dāng)時間狀語， where 充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語， why 充當(dāng)原因狀語。 1)when 表示時間 , 充當(dāng)時間狀語 when=on/ in/ of /at…+which I still remember the day when I join the party I will never fet the day when I first came to Beijing. 但注意 ： ： place ,room, mountain, airport 等時間： time, day, year, month, week,等原因： reason 等名詞時 ,并且分別在句中做地點(diǎn)、時間、原因狀語時，應(yīng)用 where ,when ,why引導(dǎo)。但是如果如果表示時間地點(diǎn)原因的名 詞不做狀語，而是做主語，賓語，或者表語時，必須用關(guān)系代詞 that /which 來引導(dǎo)而不是用 where 等。 I still remember the day that we spent together。 May 1 is the day that I will never fet。 The Yangtze Ges is a beautiful place (that /which) people all over the world look forward to visiting. 長江三峽 是個美麗的地方，全世界的人都渴望來參觀。 The moment (that /which) I turned around, she had left and disappeared in the crowd. Is this the reason that he gave us for being late? This is the factory that we visited That is the house that he lived in.. by the time ,any time , the way, every time, the first time ,the last time 時，關(guān)系 10 詞不用 when 而用 This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson. The first time I saw him was in 1980 By the time he was 14 he had learned advanced mathematics 但如果 time 前無修飾語 ,關(guān)系詞用 that when 均可 I will never fot the time when (that) we met for the first time. 3. 當(dāng)先行詞為 way 時，關(guān)系詞用 in which ,that, 或省略 . This is the way that/ in which / 不加 he smiles. 但注意： 表示原因（現(xiàn)行詞只有一個 reason），做原因狀語。 Why= for which That is the reason why he was late. （十 四）學(xué)生容易出現(xiàn)的問題。 1. 在定語從句中多加了賓語，如： Some of the boys I invited them didn’t e. Some of the boys I invited didn’t e. 2. 把定語從句的動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)弄錯。 This is one of the rivers in China which flows northward. This is one of the rivers in China which flows northward. 3. 省略了定語從句 中做主語的關(guān)系代詞。 Children eat a lot of sugar often get bad teeth. Children who eat a lot of sugar often get bad teeth. 4. 定語從句中加了多余的關(guān)系副詞或者是介詞。 The house where he lives in needs repairing. The house where he lives needs repairing. The house which/that he lives in needs repairing. （十五）代有插入語的定語從句 who 與 whom 的選用。 擔(dān)主語成分時用 who ,擔(dān) 賓格成分時用 whom 方法：要區(qū)分是定語從句中的插入語還是主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。 Jason is a man who (I believed) is honest.(去掉仍成立 ) Jason is a man whom I believe to be honest. 做賓語 The girl who we supposed was drowned came back. The girl who we supposed to be drowned came back. （十六）什么時候宜用非限制性定語從句 1） 當(dāng)先行詞是專有名詞時，通常用非限制性定語從句，它本身就具有特殊性，無需在加限定。 Shenzhen, which is in South China, is developing rapidly. My house, which I bought last year, has got a garden . Mr. Smith bought a new house on which he spent all his money. 2) 當(dāng)先行詞是具有某一特征的人或者物中的一個，但跟非限制從句時則表示唯一的一個， Her room has a window which faces south. Her room has a window, which faces south. I have a brother who is working in Beijing. I have a brother, who is working in Beijing. 11 ，即表示某類動物，事物或人時，其后所跟的定語從句一般是非限制性的。 A sleep is a useful animal, whose wool has many uses. Football, which is a very interesting game, is now played all over the world. 語法復(fù)習(xí)二：動詞時態(tài) 1 一般現(xiàn)在時的用法 1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作，常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。 時間狀語： every? , sometimes, at? , on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。 注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。 例： Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 4) 現(xiàn)在時刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個性。 I don39。t want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比較： Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時，用于操作演示或指導(dǎo)說明的示范性動作，表示言行的瞬間動作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的 now 是進(jìn)行時的標(biāo)志，表示正在進(jìn)行的動作的客觀狀況，所以后句用一般現(xiàn)在時。 2 一般過去時的用法 1）在確定的過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。 時間狀語有： yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982 等。 Where did you go just now? 2）表示在過去一段時間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。 When I was a child, I