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土的用水量,隨時檢測砂、石含水量,嚴格控制坍落度,確?;炷翉姸鹊燃壏显O(shè)計要求。 下雨時不宜露天澆筑混凝土,必須 做好天氣變化收聽工作 ,掌握天氣變化情況,避免突然下雨影響澆筑混凝土。 已入模振搗成型后的混凝土要及時覆蓋,防止突然遇雨,受雨水沖淋。 合模后如不能及時澆筑混凝土?xí)r,要在模板的適當位置 預(yù)留排水孔,防止突然下雨模內(nèi)積水。 金水區(qū)杲村城中村改造項目 K4 塊地二期工程 大體積砼施工方案 19 在澆混凝土?xí)r如突然遇雨,小雨不停工,大雨搭設(shè)防雨柵或臨設(shè)施工縫方可收口,雨后繼續(xù)施工,要對施工縫進行處理后方可澆筑。 雨期施工期間要加強防風(fēng)緊固措施,防止安全事故發(fā)生。 所有施工機械設(shè)備必須采取相應(yīng)的防漏電措施。 六、 混凝土施工質(zhì)量保證措施 建立有關(guān)部門的崗位責(zé)任制,明確質(zhì)量職責(zé),責(zé)任落實到人,以便在施工過程中各司其職,各管其事,避免人浮于事的狀況,做到事事有人做,人人有事管。 商品混凝土運至現(xiàn)場后,現(xiàn)場設(shè)專人抽查混凝土的坍落度和外觀檢查,實測坍落 度與要求坍落度之間允許偏為 177。 10mm, 以此來控制混凝土的攪拌質(zhì)量。 混凝土 澆筑及收平過程中 嚴禁隨意加水 。 底板混凝土澆筑標高按柱墻主筋上的標高控制點 拉通線 抄 平 控制 ,整個底板其 標高 與平整度 誤差 要求控制 在 3mm 之內(nèi)。 混凝土澆搗過程中, 嚴禁用 振搗棒 直接振動 模板和鋼筋 ,而 使鋼筋和模板的位置發(fā)生偏移,加強檢查鋼筋保護層厚度及所有預(yù)埋件的牢固程度和位置的準確性。砼振搗時, 應(yīng)沿坡面 自 下 而 上進行 振搗,以防漏振,振搗以砼泛出漿液 不再明顯下沉 為準。 對混凝土表面 的防裂 處理:當混凝土振搗完畢后,用 2m 長 的刮杠按設(shè)計標高進行找平, 然后用鐵滾子滾壓兩遍,最 后用木抹子反復(fù)搓抹,提漿找平,使混凝土面層進一步的密實,可 減少 因混凝土收縮而出現(xiàn)裂縫。 砼表面質(zhì)量控制:混凝土澆搗振實后隨即 按標高用長刮尺刮平, 再用木抹子拍壓兩遍,搓成麻面,以閉合收水裂縫,緊 接 著用塑料掃帚沿 東金水區(qū)杲村城中村改造項目 K4 塊地二期工程 大體積砼施工方案 20 西方 向掃出細 紋 面,施工時用刮杠按毛刷寬度靠線,保證一行壓一行且相互平行。 夜間澆筑砼 應(yīng)有足夠的照明,對振搗部位可 采用碘鎢燈進行 加強補照, 保證振搗質(zhì)量,同時 控制 好 每層澆筑 的 厚度。 混凝土澆筑 過程中 , 應(yīng)安排 鋼筋工 看護 鋼筋,保證鋼筋在混凝土 澆筑 過程中不移位 。必要時可在鋼筋上 鋪 設(shè)腳手板,避免作業(yè)人員踩踏鋼筋。對 易被污染的柱墻豎向插筋在混凝土澆筑前,用塑料薄膜將其進行遮擋保護。 混凝土澆筑 過程中 , 應(yīng)安排木 工 看護模板 , 特別是電梯井坑模板,混凝土澆筑時先澆至坑底向上 100mm,待其稍凝固后再行澆筑,以防一次澆筑太快將電梯井坑箱模浮起,同時混凝土澆筑下料時盡量對稱進行,防止模板移位。 考慮后澆帶采用鋼絲網(wǎng)封設(shè),在混凝土澆筑過程中不可避免的有部分水泥漿滲出,施工時應(yīng)派專人予以清理。 在 續(xù)澆后澆帶 混凝土前,除認真地對施工縫進行剔鑿 ,清理外,還必須先澆一層與混凝土配合比相同的水泥砂漿 (厚 50 mm), 以解決新舊混凝土結(jié)合不好的問題,從而增強結(jié)構(gòu)的整體性。 在混凝土達到 以后方可上人進行操作。 七、安全文明施工保證措施 做好 基坑周邊的排水工作,防止雨水沖刷基坑邊坡而塌方。 坑邊嚴禁堆放重物或大型機械,以免影響基坑護坡的穩(wěn)定,引起塌方。 基坑周邊搭設(shè)防護欄桿,并用黃黑漆涂刷,在入口及轉(zhuǎn)角危險處夜間應(yīng)設(shè)紅色標志燈。 金水區(qū)杲村城中村改造項目 K4 塊地二期工程 大體積砼施工方案 21 考慮人員進出基坑施工作業(yè),在基坑北面設(shè)置出料口。 泵車支設(shè)時,選擇平整堅實的 地面,并在支腳下滿鋪木方,防止泵車因地基沉陷引起車身傾斜,發(fā)生安全事故。 機械操作人員應(yīng)持證上崗,嚴格按操作規(guī)程操作,嚴禁非機械操作人員操作。 專人負責(zé)臨時用電,嚴格按照“三相五線制”要求,特別是澆筑混凝土?xí)r振搗器的電纜線要派人拉直理順,嚴禁硬拉而拽斷,同時禁止他人私拉亂接。 操作人員要帶絕緣手套,做好入場人員的安全教育,安全考試合格后方可上崗操作,特殊工種應(yīng)持證上崗。 混凝土振搗人員應(yīng)穿絕緣靴,戴絕緣手套,防止發(fā)生觸電事故。 考慮基坑北側(cè)寬度較窄且要行走車輛,施工中特別 是澆筑混凝土期間,砼罐車來回走動較多,每 2 小時應(yīng)進行一次位移觀測,防止邊坡位移發(fā)生意外。 八、成品保護 澆筑混凝土工作中注意對鋼筋、模板的保護,不得任意踩踏鋼筋和改動模板,注意墻、柱插筋位置的準確。 進行底板混凝土養(yǎng)護覆蓋時,因混凝土未達到規(guī)定強度,上人時人可在鋪好的腳手板上行走,盡量不踏出腳印。 筏板混凝土強度達到 時(即手指用力按無痕跡),方可在其上走動,進行下道工序的施工。 九、環(huán)保措施 加強現(xiàn)場管理,降低人為噪音;選用低噪音泵車和振搗棒,特別是金水區(qū)杲村城中村改造項目 K4 塊地二期工程 大體積砼施工方案 22 夜間施工時,嚴禁將振動 棒在鋼筋或模板上拖動,發(fā)出刺耳噪音,影響附近人員的休息。 施工現(xiàn)場臨時道路安排專人定時清掃,灑水降塵。 砼運輸罐車進出現(xiàn)場要清潔干凈,避免殘留于卸料槽中的砼沿途拋撒。 施工機械要及時維修保養(yǎng),避免噪音、漏油對環(huán)境造成污染。 提高節(jié)水意識,節(jié)約用水,避免水污染。 ,避免將殘余混凝土或施工現(xiàn)場泥土帶出現(xiàn)場,污染城市環(huán)境。同時車輛在施工現(xiàn)場的行駛速度不得大于 20公里 /小時。 請刪除以下內(nèi)容, O(∩ _∩ )O 謝謝?。?! boxing Fet the euphemistic ‘noble art of selfdefence’。 boxing is a human bloodsport in which the intention is to hurt one39。s opponents by delivering blows to their body and ultimately knocking them unconscious. It sanctions injury in the name of sport. That said, modern boxing appears almost genteel alongside its prizefighting predecessor in which bareknuckled pugilists fought to exhaustion, with fights often lasting several hours. A round ended only when one batant was floored。 he then had half a minute39。s respite before placing his toe on a line scratched across the centre of the ring and resuming battle. Not until one fighter failed ‘to e up to scratch’ was a result declared: no wins on points in those days, just the objective test of an inability to continue. Early rounds were often hard slogging contests but the real physical damage came in the later stages when tiredness slowed defensive reflexes. Imagine too the state of even the winner39。s hands, protected only by having been soaked in brine. With their bination of boxing and wrestling moves, early contests were literally ‘no holds barred’。 grappling, punching, tripping, and throwing all being used to floor an opponent. The widelyadopted Broughton39。s Rules of 1743 eradicated some of the barbarism by outlawing the hitting of a man when he was down, and the seizing of hair or the body below the waist, but they still permitted butting. Yet it was not the brutality of the prizering which brought its demise, but the corruption with which it became associated. The revival of the sport as boxing in late Victorian Britain saw several changes designed to render it more civilized. Although some of the old practices continued for a while — even the famous Queensbury Rules initially allowed endurance contests — by the turn of the century the general picture was one of boxing in gloves, limitedtime rounds, points decisions after a fixed number of rounds had elapsed, and weight divisions, though the latter have accentuated problems of dehydration as fighters struggle to ‘make the weight’. For much of the twentieth century the history of boxing has been one of crumbling resistance to changes intended to protect further the brains and bodies of participants. Between 1984 and 1993 eight boxers had died soon after fights in the UK。 bantamweight Bradley Stone was added to the list in 1994. Following a report from a medical working party, which included neurosurgeons, the British Boxing Board of Control subsequently introduced mandatory annual magic resonance imaging scans for all boxers to replace the less sophisticated puterized tomography which had been pulsory only for those fighting eight rounds or more. Additionally, any boxer knocked out must wait 45 days (previously 28) before he again enters the ring petitively, and he must also have a hospital check. Ringside doctors may advise referees on a fighter39。s condition between rounds and may remend that the contest be stopped. Doctors also examine each boxer at the conclusion of fights and paramedic teams must be on hand at all bo