【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ooted in French?A. president, Lawyer, beef B. president, bread, waterC. bread, field, sheep D. folk, field, cow10. Why does France appear less foreign than Germany to Americans on their first visit to Europe?A. Most advertisements in France appear in English.B. They know little of the history of the English language.C. Many French words are similar to English ones.D. They know French better than German.11. What is the subject discussed in the text?A. The history of Great Britain.B. The similarity between English and French.C. The rule of England by William the Conqueror.D. The French influences on the English language.【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。如果讓你列舉那些對(duì)應(yīng)于做出最大貢獻(xiàn)的人，你一定會(huì)得到類似莎士比亞，塞繆爾約翰遜這樣的答案，但實(shí)際上，沒有任何人的對(duì)英語的影響力能夠超過征服者威廉。在1066年以前，我們現(xiàn)在稱為英國的土地上存在兩種主要語言，一種是凱爾特語，另一種是古英語。而后來由于威廉的雄心，使得古英語成為英國的主要語言，而法語也成為對(duì)英語影響頗深的語言。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“In the westcentral region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language, though not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic.”在中西地區(qū)住著威爾士人，他們說凱爾特語，在南部居住著蘇格蘭人，他們的語言不同于威爾士人的語言，但也是凱爾特語。由此可知一大主要語言為凱爾特語。根據(jù)第二段第三句“In the rest of the country lived the Saxons, actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we now call AngloSaxon (or Old English), a Germanic language. ”在國家的其余地方居住著撒克遜人，他們是英國人、撒克遜人、德國人、日耳曼人的混合，他們講的語言是英格蘭語（即古英語）。可知另一大分支為古英語。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“As a result, English words of politics and the law e from French rather than German.”結(jié)果導(dǎo)致，英語中關(guān)于政治和法律的詞來源于法語而不是德語?！癢e even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upperclass Normans were doing most of the eating.”我們甚至在食物尤其是肉食上有不同的詞，這取決于它是長在田野里，還是在家煮著吃，事實(shí)證明，撒克遜農(nóng)民在耕作而上層社會(huì)的諾曼人在大部分食物上貢獻(xiàn)更多。由此可見，有關(guān)政治、法律以及家中煮著的食物最可能來源于法國，故選A。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more foreign than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French does”當(dāng)美國人到歐洲旅游時(shí)，他們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)德語比法語更像外國語，以為在德國，他們看見的標(biāo)簽和廣告語看起來比法語更與英語不同。所以可知，許多法語詞匯和英語很像。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。文章開篇即拋出問題：誰對(duì)英語的影響最大，接著給出答案：征服者威廉?？梢娢恼录磳⒂懻摰膯栴}就是他對(duì)英語的影響。接下來，作者介紹了1066年以前的英國語言由兩大派系組成，而之后由于威廉的雄心，才使得古英語成為英國的主要語言，而法語也成為對(duì)英語影響頗深的語言。故選D。DIf there is no difference in general intelligence between boys and girls, what can explain girls’ poor performance in science and mathematics?It seems to be that their treatment at school is a direct cause. Mathematics and science are seen as subjects mainly for boys, and therefore, as girls bee teenagers, they are less likely to take them. Interestingly, both boys and girls often regard the subjects for boys as more difficult. Yet it has been suggested that girls do not take mathematics courses, not because they are difficult, but for social reasons. Girls do not want to be in open petition with boys because they are afraid to appear less feminine and attractive.However, if we examine the performance of boys and girls who have taken mathematics courses, there are still more highachieving boys than there are girls. This difference appears to be worldwide. Biological explanations have been offered for this, but there are other explanations too.Perhaps the difference which es out during the teenage years has its roots in much earlier experiences. From their first days in kindergarten, boys are encouraged to work on their own and to plete tasks. Facts show that outstanding mathematicians and scientists have not had teachers who supplied answers.Besides, there can be little doubt that teachers of mathematics and science expect their boy students to do better at these subjects than their girl students. They even appear to encourage the difference between boys and girls. They spend more time with the boy students, giving them more time to answer questions and working harder to get correct answers from them. They are more likely to call on boys for answers and to allow them to take the lead in classroom discussion. They also praise boys more frequently. All of this seems to encourage boys to work harder in science and mathematics and to give them confidence that they are able to succeed.Such a way of teaching is not likely to encourage girls to take many mathematics and science courses nor is it likely to support girls who do. When it es to these subjects, it seems certain that school widens the difference between boys and girls.12. Girls are likely to think that ________.A science courses are for both boys and girlsB. science courses make them more popularC. science courses make them successfulD. science courses are difficult for them13. What does the underlined word “feminine” in probably mean?A. gentle B. female C. hungry D. charming14. What does the passage say about great mathematicians?A. Their teachers did not supply answers to them.B. They started learning mathematics at an earlier age.C. They showed mathematical abilities in their teenage years.D. Their success resulted from their strong interest in mathematics.15. The author would probably agree that ________.A. boys and girls learn in the same wayB. boys and girls are equal in general intelligenceC. girls are more confident in themselves than beforeD. girls should take fewer science courses than boys【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了女生在數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)方面表現(xiàn)不佳的原因?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Mathematics and science are seen as subjects mainly for boys...”和“Interestingly, both boys and girls often regard the subjects for boys as more difficult.”可知，數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)被看作是男生的科目，男生和女生都認(rèn)為男生的科目更難。由此可推知，女生可能認(rèn)為科學(xué)課程對(duì)自己來說很難。故選D項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“Girls do not want to be in open petition with boys”可知，女孩不想和男孩公開競爭，劃線詞后的and是并列連詞，結(jié)合attractive可推知，“because they are afraid to appear less feminine and attractive”意為“因?yàn)樗齻兒ε嘛@得不夠女性化和缺乏吸引力”，劃線詞“