【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 second experiment offered the rats two dining options. Push Lever A and get an immediate small reward. Pushing Lever B meants waiting for around40 seconds, but the food reward would be much bigger. Guess which lever those impatient rats were most food of? That’s right. They picked the nownownow switch.Their impulsiveness, however, rose sharply when scientists gave the rats MCH. These animals bee more impulsive. MCH, it seemed, could talk rats into loosening its inhibitions (拘束). The result? More please.Researchers can now see where that conversation between the brain’s reward system and its impulse control center takes place. The next step will be to map it—and potentially influence the discussion. It may eventually be possible to control a foodeating impulse.24. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “manipulating” in paragraph 4?A. Strengthening. B. Controlling.C. Classifying. D. Creating.25. What would happen when a rat pressed a lever earlier than the fixed time?A. A bigger food reward would appear.B. Tasty food would be delivered much sooner.C. Longer time would be needed for food to appear.D. The lever would be stopped form delivering food.26. Why did the researchers conduct the experiments?A. To find out the effect of MCH on animals.B. To prove rats are also greedy for more food.C. To study how levers influence rats’ impulse.D. To show rats and humans have similar impulse for food.27. What is the best title for the text?A. What Is the Effect of Your Impulse?B. What Can You Do to Resist More Food?C. Why Can’t You Say “No” to Your Impulse?D. Why Do You Always Give in to One More Mouthful?【答案】24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D【解析】這是一篇說明文。有時候，你總是忍不住再吃一勺冰淇淋，根據(jù)最新研究顯示，這種沖動控制可以歸結(jié)為大腦中偶爾會產(chǎn)生的黑色素濃縮激素，或者稱MCH，它是與我們對食物或藥物的渴望有關(guān)的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。24. 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的And that circuit always says ，它總是說同意；根據(jù)劃線詞后面的it is possible that we might be able to develop cures for overeating that help people stick to a diet without reducing normal appetite or making delicious foods like donuts less ，我們有可能開發(fā)出治療暴飲暴食的方法，這個方法能幫助人們在不降低正常食欲的情況下堅持節(jié)食，或是讓甜甜圈這樣的美味食物變得不那么美味。由此可以推理出，是控制大腦中的那個回答，來研發(fā)出方法。因此下劃線單詞manipulating意為“操作、控制”，結(jié)合選項，選B。25. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段Hit that lever too early—as impatient test subjects occasionally did—and the counter would start from scratch. Leverhappy rats would have to wait another cycle before the food became available again. 就像不耐煩的受試者偶爾做的那樣，太早按杠桿，計時器會從頭開始。在食物再次供應(yīng)之前，快樂的老鼠將不得不等待另一個循環(huán)。由此可以看出，當(dāng)老鼠在規(guī)定時間之前按下杠桿時，食物出現(xiàn)需要更長的時間。故選C。26. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)導(dǎo)數(shù)第二段Their impulsiveness, however, rose sharply when scientists gave the rats MCH. These animals bee more impulsive. MCH, it seemed, could talk rats into loosening its inhibitions (拘束).可知，然而，當(dāng)科學(xué)家給老鼠MCH時，他們的沖動急劇上升。MCH似乎能讓老鼠放松抑制。由此可以看出，研究者的實驗是為了了解MCH對動物的影響。故選A。27. 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Sometimes, you just can’t say no to another spoonful of ice cream and maybe one more after ，有時，你拒絕不了另一勺冰激凌或者再來一個；根據(jù)第三段According to a new study, this impulse (沖動) control may e down to a very specific circuit (回答) in the brain which occasionally produces melaninconcentrating hormone, or MCH—a chemical linked with our desire for food or ，這種沖動控制可以歸結(jié)為大腦中的一個很特別的回答，它偶爾會產(chǎn)生的黑色素濃縮激素，或者稱MCH，它是與我們對食物或藥物的渴望有關(guān)的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。由此可以看出，文章研究的是“你為什么總要多吃一口”現(xiàn)象，故選D。CFeeling tired? Under too much stress? Well, you may want to try Yoga. It’s what more and more people have been turning to to release the trouble of modern life. Practically unheard of in the West until 50 years ago, Yoga has bee one of the most popular health trends around the world, including China. If you search for Yoga on line in Chinese, lots of pages are there to see, most of which are main pages of Yoga clubs. In order to keep fit and lose weight, many girls spend more than 1000 yuan taking part in Yoga classes every month.However, are you really ready for it? There are several things you need to know before you really take it.First, do not force your body too much. Yoga has many difficult poses. They are beautiful and worth boasting if you could finish them. But if you force yourself to do as exactly as an experienced Yoga teacher does, you may hurt your body, instead of strengthening it. Do you remember you original purpose for playing Yoga? It is self building, not peting.Second, do some research about the Yoga class that you are to register. Yoga is new in China and there are not so many certificated welltrained Yoga teachers. Some not wellorganized clubs just find someone who learns a little Yoga and certificate them. But be aware, a noneligible teacher might wrongly guide you and you could not benefit from the classes much except that they force you to exercise your body a bit. Considering about the large amount of money you invest in it, it’s worth and reasonable to make sure the teachers in the club are qualified before you join.Third, it would be better to learn something about nutrition when you practice Yoga. In the very beginning, Yoga was part of the Vedas, bible of the traditional Indian philosophy. So it could be regarded as a kind of lifestyle. When you have decided to care for your body, why not feed it properly? In fact, good clubs have their own nutritionists.Anyhow, make sure you are ready before you act. The fashion may change quickly. But what benefits is still good for us.28. The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to ________.A. tell people how to relax themselvesB. let people know more about YogaC. give people some advice on taking part in Yoga classesD. tell peoples Yoga has gained its popularity in China29. The underlined word “noneligible” in the fourth paragraph most probably means ________.A. inexperienced B. unqualifiedC. impatient D. unkind30. From the advice offered by the author, we can conclude that ________.A. Yoga has nothing to do with culture B. Yoga is somehow easy to exerciseC. many people learn Yoga in order to pete D. not all the Yoga clubs have standard teachers【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D【解析】這是一篇說明文。越來越多的人通過瑜伽來釋放現(xiàn)代生活的