【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 save on farmlands by ________ (make) use of space that would have been otherwise left unused. They are warm in winter and cool in summer. The temperature inside is usually 13 degrees Celsius higher than in the open in winter and 10 degrees Celsius ________ (low) in summer. Statistics show that 40 million people live in cave dwellings that are scattered over an area of 600,000 square kilometers in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.【答案】 dug；are piled；which；variety；and；as；that；making；lower；the 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了延安窯洞的地理位置、建筑風格及給當?shù)鼐用裆顜淼囊嫣帯?（1）考查非謂語動詞。句意：這是一種頗具特點在山里挖出的洞屋，用作西北黃土高原農(nóng)民工的棲息之地。house與dig之間為被動關系，使用過去分詞dug。故填dug。 （2）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：厚石板堆積形成入口處的半圓，入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶。通過分析句子結構可知，主句為“Stoneslabs (厚板)________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance”，主句中存在不定式to form，stonelabs與pile之間為被動關系，且stonelabs為復數(shù)，因此橫線上需填入被動語態(tài)形式are piled。故填are piled。 （3）考查定語從句。句意：厚石板堆積形成入口處的半圓，入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶。此句為定語從句，先行詞為橫線前的一句話，在從句中作主語，應填入關系代詞which。故填which。 （4）考查名詞。句意：入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶。a variety of固定短語，“各種各樣的”，故填variety。 （5）考查連詞。句意：窯洞的類型分為土溶洞、磚溶洞和石溶洞。stone dwelling與earth cave dwelling , brick cave dwelling互為并列關系，應使用并列連詞and。故填and。 （6）考查介詞。句意：幾個世紀以來，它們一直被視為陜西省北部農(nóng)民的象征。be regarded as動詞短語，“被視為”，故填as。 （7）考查表語從句。句意：窯洞之美在于它們有助于保持當?shù)氐牡乩砬闆r。通過分析句子結構可知此句為表語從句，且從句中不缺少任何成分應使用關系代詞that引導。故填that。 （8）考查非謂語動詞。句意：通過利用原本閑置的空間來節(jié)約耕地。介詞by后接名詞，題中所給詞性為動詞make，因此需使用make的動名詞形式making。故填making。 （9）考查形容詞。句意：室內(nèi)溫度通常比冬天室外高13攝氏度，比夏天室外低10攝氏度。通過語境翻譯可知，橫線處意為“比…低”，使用low的比較級lower。故填lower。 （10）考查冠詞。句意：據(jù)統(tǒng)計，黃河中上游地區(qū)約有4000萬人居住在窯洞中，窯洞面積約60萬平方公里分布于黃河中上游地區(qū)?！癷n ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.”作地點狀語，表示特指中上游地帶，應使用定冠詞，故填the。 【點評】本題考點涉及非謂語動詞，時態(tài)語態(tài)，定語從句，名詞，連詞，介詞，表語從句，形容詞以及冠詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 6．閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個單詞或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Chopsticks, or kuaizi in Chinese, ________ (be) a pair of small equal length sticks, usually made of wood, ________( use) for eating Asian food It is believed the first chopsticks ________ (develop) over 5,000 years ago in China. The ________(early) evidence of a pair of chopsticks made out of bronze was excavated (出土) from the Ruins of Yin near Anyang, Henan province，dating back to roughly 1,200 BC. Chopsticks play, ________important role in Chinese food culture. Chinese chopsticks are usually 9 to 10 inches long and rectangular with a blunt (鈍的) end. They are round on the eating end ________symbolizes heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes earth. This is because________(maintain) an adequate food supply is the greatest concern between heaven and earth. There is an old Chinese custom making chopsticks part of a girl39。s dowry, since the ________(pronounce) of kuaizi is similar to the words for quick and son.Chopsticks are ________(frequent) used in daily life. They have bee more than a kind of tableware and have established a set of etiquette (禮儀) and customs ________their own.【答案】 are；used；were developed；earliest；an；that／which；maintaining；pronunciation；frequently；of 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，講述了筷子在我國的歷史、作用和文化意義。 （1）考查時態(tài)。分析句子結構可知，此處是句子謂語動詞，根據(jù)下文的is判斷為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語chopsticks是復數(shù)，故填are。 （2）考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，此處是非謂語動詞作后置定語，use和邏輯主語sticks之間是動賓關系，故用去過分詞，填used。 （3）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。分析句子結構可知，此處是主語從句的謂語動詞，根據(jù)over 5,000 years ago判斷為一般過去時，主語chopsticks和develop之間是被動關系，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語chopsticks是復數(shù)，故填were developed。 （4）考查形容詞。此處應填形容詞作定語修飾名詞evidence，結合句意可知此處意為“最早的證據(jù)”故用最高級，故填earliest。 （5）考查冠詞。play a role in固定短語，“在……中起作用”，又important是元音音素開頭，故填an。 （6）考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，此處是限定性定語從句關系詞，先行詞they(指物)在從句__6___symbolizes heaven中充當主語，故用關系代詞，填that/which。 （7）考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，此處應填maintain的動名詞形式作為表語從句的主語，故填maintaining。 （8）考查名詞。此處應填名詞作為原因狀語從句的主語，結合上下文可知此處意為“筷子的發(fā)音”，“發(fā)音”是pronunciation，故填pronunciation。 （9）考查副詞，此處應填副詞修飾動詞are used，故填frequently。 （10）考查介詞。of one39。s own固定短語，“某人自己的”，故填of。 【點評】本題考點涉及時態(tài)，非謂語動詞，時態(tài)語態(tài)，形容詞，冠詞，定語從句，非謂語動詞，名詞，副詞以及介詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。7．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Add Oil is the literal English translation of the Chinese phrase Jiāy243。u (Cantonese Ga Yau), which is used to express encouragement, ________ (excite), or support to others. It39。s used in sporting events ________ (encourage) a friend, and in many other conversations! Add Oil has now been added ________ the Oxford English Dictionary. The Oxford English Dictionary entry describes the phrase as chiefly Hong Kong English, and notes its________ (early) appearance in a book published back in 1964. Some people believe that the phrase ________ (invent) at the Macau Grand Prix (澳門汽車大獎賽) during the 1960s, where the crowd would shout at the pit teams (加油團隊) to Add Oil! to the racing cars. The meaning of the Chinese characters is to add (jiā) oil (y243。u), which implies ________(add) oil/fuel to an engine to fire ________ up. In places such as Hong Kong, where a mixture of Chinese and English is ________ (mon) used among friends, the English phrase often replaces the Chinese