【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 e they fear litigation (訴訟). The consequence is that ________ learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct consequence is that the same mistakes ________ (repeat). According to the Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. ________ healthcare learns to respond positively to failure, things will not improve.【答案】 if / when；To stretch；remaining；failing；What；which / that；it；instead of；are repeated；Until / Unless 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，只有先學會如何失敗，才能真正成功，作者用這個道理告訴美國的醫(yī)療保健部門只有學會積極面對失敗，醫(yī)療事故的情況才會好轉。 （1）考查狀語從句。句意：但矛盾的是，我們的孩子只有先學會如何失敗，才能真正成功。根據(jù)句意可知此處既可以用if引導條件狀語從句，表示如果……，也可用when引導時間狀語從句，表示當……的時候，故填if / when。 （2）考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了突破自己的局限，他們一直在努力。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示目的，應該用不定式做目的狀語，故填To stretch。 （3）考查非謂語動詞。句意：他們總是嘗試他們已經(jīng)做得很容易的動作，保持在他們的舒適區(qū)內(nèi)。They與remain之間是邏輯上的主謂關系，表示主動，用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語，故填remaining。 （4）考查非謂語動詞。句意：在實踐中從不失敗會阻礙他們進步。分析句子結構可知，此處用動名詞做主語，故填failing。 （5）考查主語從句。句意：生活中的情況和滑冰的情況是一樣的。此處為主語從句，從句中缺少主語，故填What。 （6）考查定語從句。句意：詹姆斯戴森為最新款的吸塵器設計了5126個原型，然后才想出了這個讓他大賺一筆的設計。此處為定語從句，先行詞為design，指物，關系詞在從句中做主語，故填which / that。 （7）考查代詞。句意：正如戴森所說的：除非你測試新想法，并在事情出錯時學習，否則你不會開發(fā)出新技術，失敗是發(fā)明的基礎。as someone puts it固定句式。正如某人所說表示。put it表達......故填it。 （8）考查介詞短語。句意：結果是，醫(yī)療保健往往掩蓋失敗，而不是從失敗中吸取教訓。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示而不是，故填instead of。 （9）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：其直接后果是一再地犯同樣的錯誤。陳述的是客觀事實，mistakes 與repeat之間是被動關系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，故填are repeated。 （10）考查連詞。句意：除非醫(yī)療保健學會積極面對失敗，否則情況不會好轉（直到醫(yī)療保健學會積極面對失敗，情況才會好轉）。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示除非或直到，故填Until / Unless。 【點評】本題考點涉及狀語從句，非謂語動詞，主語從句，定語從句，代詞，介詞短語，時態(tài)語態(tài)以及連詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。5．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Despite many laws and national parks to protect tigers, their habitats continue to be destroyed and they are still hunted. ________(sad), tigers are among the most endangered species in the world nowadays. Altogether, there are no more than 5,000 tigers ________ (leave) in the wild. Some think that the tiger is already to the point of ________(die) out in the wild. There are many reasons ________ this, like habitat loss and hunting. Over the years, a number of steps ________ (take) to help preserve the tiger population. The Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) protects wildlife and habitats. Today WCS is carrying out work in 53 nations across the world, protecting ________great variety of species from butterflies to tigers. In 2010, WCS started Tigers Forever, ________ aim was to increase the number of tigers in the world by 50 percent in the next 10 years. To achieve their goals, they are working together with governments and other________(organize) which are willing to take strong and effective measures to protect tigers and other wild species Right now the tiger population ________(increase) under this program in India and in Far East Russia. Thanks to the hard work of WCS, these large cats have a chance of survival in their ________ (nature) environments and not just in zoos years.【答案】 Sadly；left；dying；for；have been taken；a；whose；organizations；is increasing；natural 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，盡管有法律保護，也有自然公園，但老虎的棲息地還是不斷被破壞，老虎依然遭到獵捕，老虎成了世界上最瀕危物種之一。幸運的是，野生動物保護協(xié)會正在致力于保護它們。 （1）考查副詞。此處應用副詞修飾整個句子，作狀語，故填Sadly。 （2）考查非謂語動詞。tigers和leave之間是邏輯上的被動關系，故用過去分詞作定語，填left。 （3）考查非謂語動詞。介詞后接動名詞作賓語，故填dying。 （4）考查介詞。reason for固定短語，“……的原因”，故填for。 （5）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。根據(jù)over the years判斷為現(xiàn)在完成時，steps和take之間是被動關系，應用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)，主語是復數(shù)，故填have been taken。 （6）考查冠詞。a variety of固定短語，“大量”，由great是輔音音素開頭，故填a。 （7）考查定語從句。此處是非限制性定語從句的關系詞，先行詞WCS started Tigers Forever在從句中充當形容詞，故用關系代詞whose，填whose。 （8）考查名詞。此處應填名詞作為介詞with的賓語，由other判斷用該名詞的復數(shù)形式，故填organizations。 （9）考查時態(tài)。此處是句子謂語動詞，根據(jù)right now判斷為現(xiàn)在進行時，population做整體概念時，謂語動詞使用單數(shù)形式，故填is increasing。 （10）考查形容詞。此處應填形容詞作為environment的定語，故填natural。 【點評】本題考點涉及副詞，非謂語動詞，介詞，時態(tài)語態(tài)，冠詞，定語從句，名詞以及形容詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 6．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)的單詞的正確形式。 The Duanwu Festival, known as the Dragon Boat Festival, ________ (found) in memory of Qu Yuan, ________ was a scholar and minister of the state of Chu during the Warring States period (475221BC). The festival date is on the ________ (five) day of May on the Chinese lunar calendar. Traditional celebrations of the Dragon Boat Festival include ________ (eat) zongzi, drinking wine and racing dragon boats. You don39。t have to live in China long to know the ________ (country) most popular foods with good stories behind them. That39。s ________ (particular) true of zongzi, which have been connected ________ the Dragon Boat Festival for more than a thousand years. Zongzi, rice dumplings wrapped in ________ (leaf), remain with us today as the traditional way ________ (celebrate) the Dragon Boat Festival. In general, northern Chinese prefer sweet versions of these steamed treats while southerners like ________ (salt) tastes. In the north, some zongzi are plain, to be dipped into sugar. In the south, however, creative locals over centuries have added ham chestnuts and mushrooms into zongzi.【答案】 was founded；who；fifth；eating；country39。s；particularly；with；leaves；to celebrate；salty 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了端午節(jié) 的來歷和傳統(tǒng)。 （1）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：端午節(jié)是為了紀念屈原而設立的。主語“The Duanwu Festival”承受“found”的動作，句子應該使用被動語態(tài)，設立端午節(jié)的事情發(fā)生在過去，時態(tài)為一般過去時。故填was founded。 （2）考查定