【文章內容簡介】 60。D.Space junk（3）What can people do in space in the near future? ________ A.They can only live and travel in space.B.They can grow some fruit and vegetables in space.C.They can find out ways to solve all the problems in space.D.They can spend a few days or live for a few years in space.（4）The purpose（目的） of the writer who writes the passage is mainly to _________ . A.introduce what the space is like to usB.talk about some important space travelsC.tell us the space environment and to care for spaceD.show us how interesting the life of the spacemen in space【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文是科普文，介紹了神奇太空的危險環(huán)境，呼吁人們關心太空并做一些事情來幫助改善太空環(huán)境。 （1）考查數(shù)學計算。根據(jù)About 30% of these are manmade satellites（衛(wèi)星）,10% are spaceships, and the rest are space junk.，可知100%—30%—10%=60%，故選C。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Scientists have found out that radiation（輻射） is the greatest danger to spacemen in space.（科學家們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，輻射對太空中的宇航員來說是最大的危險），可知對于太空人來說，輻射是最危險的，故選B。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)In the near future, it may bee usual for people to spend a few days in a space hotel. We may even choose to leave the earth and live in space for a few years.，可知They can spend a few days or live for a few years in ，故選D。 （4）考查主旨理解。根據(jù)文章主題句So we should care for space and do something to help improve the space environment.，可知介紹的是神奇太空的危險環(huán)境，呼吁人們關心太空并做一些事情來幫助改善太空環(huán)境，故選C。 【點評】此題考查閱讀理解。我們先閱讀短文，理解短文大意。我們在分析問題后，帶著問題閱讀短文，從短文的細節(jié)中找出和問題相關的語句，找出細節(jié)理解問題答案，對于主旨大意題，要根據(jù)文章的主題句確定。6．閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 Stress is everywhere in our everyday life. Not only men have it, but also women and young people. The most important reasons of stress are: death, illness, exams, making money, changing jobs, ending friendships and so on. How do you know whether you have stress? Could you give your answers to the 8question note?YesNoDo you easily get angry?Do you often sleep badly?Do you get headaches a lot?Do you take sleeping pills?Do you find it difficult to relax?Do you usually hide your feelings?Do you smoke and drink a lot to keep quiet?Do you find it difficult to put your heart into something? If you answer Yes to more than two of those questions, you are one of those people with stress. So what can you do about it? Doing relaxing exercise, talking with friends and listening to light music are all usual ways to relieve stress. However, doctors now say that there are easier ways—people should laugh and smile more often. When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes. They also say that people, especially men, should cry more often, because crying is the natural （自然的） way of relieving stress.（1）If you have over ________ problems listed in the table, you are the person with stress. A.oneB.twoC.threeD.eight（2）Which of the followings is NOT the reason of stress? A.Taking exams.B.Doing relaxing exercise.C.Making money.D.Having a bad illness.（3）The underlined word relieve means ________ in Chinese. A.增加B.減輕C.導致D.承受（4）What39。s the easier way to relax your body according to the doctors? A.Talking with friends.B.Doing relaxing exercises.C.Laughing, smiling and crying.D.Listening to light music.（5）The main idea of the passage is ________. A.that everyone has stress and we can answer the 8 questionsB.that there are many reasons for having stressC.that laughing and smiling more can help relieve your stressD.about stress and how to relieve your stress【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）B（4）C（5）D 【解析】【分析】主要講了人們有壓力的原因、怎樣知道自己有壓力、怎樣解決壓力。 （1）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)If you answer Yes to more than two of those questions, you are one of those people with ，你就是有壓力的人，故選B。 （2）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)The most important reasons of stress are: death, illness, exams, making money, changing jobs, ending friendships and so 、疾病、考試、賺錢、工作改變、友誼結束等，故選D。 （3）推斷題。根據(jù)Doing relaxing exercise, talking with friends and listening to light music可知鍛煉、和朋友交談、聽輕音樂都可以減輕壓力，所以relieve意思是減輕，故選B。 （4）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)However, doctors now say that there are easier ways—people should laugh and smile more often. When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes. They also say that people, especially men, should cry more often, because crying is the natural （自然的） way of relieving 、哭泣。故選C。 （5）主旨題。根據(jù)全文可知主要講了人們有壓力的原因、怎樣知道自己有壓力、怎樣解決壓力。故選D。 【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。7．閱讀理解 More than 1,000 different kinds of pieces of plastic, including 115 cups, 25 bags, four bottles and two pairs of shoes, have been found inside a dead whale（鯨魚） in Indonesia, according to local officials. When the whale was found on the island, it was already deposing when animal doctors arrived. So they were unable to be sure if the plastic caused its death, said Lukas, the leader of the World Wildlife Fund in Indonesia. The plastic weighed about 6 kilograms, or 13 pounds, he said. But pictures of the dead whale caused a warm discussion. The people in the country have started to realize that it is because of using too much plastic. So has the government. Indonesia, a nation of about 260 million people was the world39。s secondbiggest producer of plastic waste in 2018, behind only China. If the whales eat too much plastic, they will have a wrong feeling. They think that they are full. And that will lead them to eat less food that provides all the good things they need, said Nicholas who is the leader of the Ocean Conservancy. Moreover, eating too much plastic can make them reduce their weight, their energy and slow down their swimming. As a result, whales are easier to be hurt by the sharks and many other dangerous animals in the sea. More than 800 kinds of animals in the sea are affected by about million tons of