【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 。 They carried out the first two experiments from the sidewalk near Berkeley. They noted that drivers of newer and more expensive cars were more likely to cut off other cars and pedestrians at crosswalks. Nearly 45 percent of people driving expensive ears ignored a pedestrian pared with only 30 percent of people driving mow modest cars. In another experiment, a group of college students was asked if they would do immoral things in various everyday situations. Examples included taking printer paper from work and not telling a salesperson when he or she gave back more change. Students from higher — class families were more likely to act dishonestly. According to the scientists, rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people39。s feelings. Finally, it just makes them greedier. “Higher wealth status seems to make you want even more, and that increased want leads you to bend the rules or break the rules to serve your self interest,” said Paul Piff, lead scientist of the study. Piff pointed out that the findings don39。t mean that all rich people are untrustworthy or all poor people honest. He said the experiments were to show how people living in different social situations express their instincts（本能）and values in different ways.（1）By saying “money is the root of all evil”, the author wants to . A.link wealth with bad behaviorB.draw readers39。 attention to the researchC.show how the saying proves the findingsD.defend rich people who do immoral things（2）According to the scientists, which is NOT the factor that makes rich people immoral? A.They wele risks.B.They have more desires.C.They believe money talks.D.They bee more selfish.（3）Why did the scientists do the experiments? A.To show how social status affects people39。s morality.B.To show people39。s instincts and values in different ways.C.To test whether the saying “money is the root of all evil” is true.D.To show the difference between higher class people and lower class people.（4）What does the passage really want to show us? A.The poor are respectable.B.Money is the root of all evil.C.All rich people are untrustworthy.D.The rich are more likely to act badly.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，作者主要通過(guò)展示幾個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果，旨在證明金錢(qián)是一切罪惡的根源這一說(shuō)法可能是有一定道理的。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“new study claims there may be some truth behind the saying…that rich people are more likely to do immoral things, such as lie or cheat, than poorer people.”可知，用這個(gè)俗語(yǔ)“金錢(qián)是萬(wàn)惡之源”來(lái)引出本文的話(huà)題——富人們是否比窮人們更加有可能做不道德的事情，通過(guò)一些實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)證實(shí)，讓讀者們看到這一研究，目的是吸引讀者對(duì)這個(gè)研究的注意，故選B。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“According to the scientists, rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people39。s feelings.”按照科學(xué)家的研究，富人們通常認(rèn)為錢(qián)可以解決一切麻煩，所以他們更不害怕冒險(xiǎn)，也意味著他們更少在乎其他人的感受，可知，他們喜歡冒險(xiǎn)并不是讓他們不道德的因素，而且從常識(shí)來(lái)說(shuō)，并不是所有喜歡冒險(xiǎn)的人就是富人，而且喜歡冒險(xiǎn)也不代表不道德，故選A。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“He said the experiments were to show how people living in different social situations express their instincts(本能) and values in different ways.”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是展示生活在不同的社會(huì)狀況下的人們?nèi)绾我圆煌姆绞絹?lái)表達(dá)他們的本能和價(jià)值觀。故選A。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Piff pointed out that the findings don39。t mean that all rich people are untrustworthy or all poor people honest.”可知，并不是所有的富人都是不值得信任的，也并不是所有的窮人都是誠(chéng)實(shí)的，故A，C都錯(cuò)誤；B項(xiàng)“金錢(qián)是萬(wàn)惡之源”這只是一個(gè)引子，并不是文章要告訴我們的；根據(jù)文章第一段科學(xué)家發(fā)表的聲明可知，富人們更加有可能不道德，也就是行為上更糟糕，惡劣。故選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Some houses are designed to be smart. Others have smart designs. An example of the second type of house won an Award of Excellence from the American Institute of Architects. Located on the shore of Sullivan39。s Island off the coast of South Carolina, the awardwinning cubeshaped beach house was built to replace one smashed to pieces by Hurricane（颶風(fēng)）Hugo 10 years ago. Before Hugo, many new houses built along South Carolina39。s shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement of building rules wasn39。t strict, according to architect Ray Huff, who created the cleverlydesigned beach house. Soon after Hugo, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, betterenforced rules. The new beach house on Sullivan39。s Island should be able to withstand a Level 3 hurricane with peak winds of 179 to 209 kilometers per hour. At first sight, the house on Sullivan39。s Island looks anything but hurricaneproof. Its redwood shell makes it resemble “a large party lantern (燈籠)” at night, according to one observer. But looks can be misleading. The house39。s wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength. To further protect the house from hurricane damage. Huff raised it meters off the ground on timber pilings－long, slim wood pieces anchored deep in the sand. Pilings might appear insecure, but they are strong enough to support the weight of the house. They also raise the house above storm waves. The pilings allow the waves to run under the house instead of running into it. 39。These waves e ashore at terrible speeds and cause most of the damage done to beachfront buildings,” said Huff. Huff designed the timber pilings to be partially hidden by the house39。s groundtoroof shell. “The shell masks the pilings so that the house doesn39。t look like it39。s standing with its pant legs (褲腿) pulled up,” said Huff. In the event of a storm, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, the architect explained.（1）After the Hurricane Hugo, new houses built along South Carolina39。s shore line are required . A.to be easily reinforced