【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 y friendly. Tailormade meal kits cut waste by providing people with precise amounts of fresh ingredients(烹飪原料)for chosen recipes, meaning leftovers are minimized. But while the delivery services score well on reducing food waste, buying the same food ingredients from the supermarket almost always saves energy overall simply because meal kits use so much singleuse packaging. The good news is that if people have meals that are tailored for consumption, they won39。t overbuy and have less food waste. They finetune the amount of food to what they will actually eat. Meal kits can reduce transport emissions(排放)if people go to the supermarket less frequently. If people only go and buy such goods as soap and toilet paper, they may only have to visit once every couple of months. A delivery truck can carry meals for a lot of people in the neighborhood. So dozens of car trips might be replaced with one truck trip. However, study found that even if delivery meal kits reduced food waste to zero, they would still use up more energy overall than buying the same food from the supermarket unless the energy used for the meal kit packaging was cut by a fifth. The packaging is a killer if it39。s singleuse and thrown away, which can make all the environmental benefits lost. But if the packaging can be reused, if it39。s glass bottles, like in the old days, we can get some benefits.（1）What can we learn about home delivery meal kits? can cut down on daily expenses. will totally solve the problem of food waste. can keep energy consumption to a minimum. will benefit the environment with reusable packaging.（2）What does the underlined word finetune in paragraph 3 mean? ....（3）The author suggests carrying meals with a delivery truck to__________. transport emissions more food only in the supermarket car trip distances（4）What39。s the author39。s attitude to meal kits? ....【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，套餐可以減少食物浪費(fèi)，但包裝是個問題。家庭送餐包可以減少超過三分之二的食物浪費(fèi)，但供應(yīng)商需要改用可重復(fù)使用的包裝，使其更加環(huán)保。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Home delivery meal kits(盒)can reduce food waste by more than twothirds，”家庭送餐包可以減少三分之二的食物浪費(fèi)?？梢缘弥衫玫陌b對環(huán)保有益。故選D。 （2）考查詞義猜測。第三段主要講述量身定制餐會降低浪費(fèi)。根據(jù)“They finetune the amount of food to what they will actually eat. ”人們可以根據(jù)將要吃多少來調(diào)整食物數(shù)量?？芍xB。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Meal kits can reduce transport emissions(排放)if people go to the supermarket less frequently. If people only go and buy such goods as soap and toilet paper，they may only have to visit once every couple of months. A delivery truck can carry meals for a lot of people in the neighborhood. So dozens of car trips might be replaced with one truck trip.”可知餐盒可以減少對交通排放，運(yùn)送卡車可以一次給小區(qū)很多人送餐飯，減少交通排放。故選A。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“However，study found that even if delivery meal kits reduced food waste to zero，they would still use up more energy overall than buying the same food from the supermarket unless the energy used for the meal kit packaging was cut by a fifth.”可知研究表明外賣飯盒比超市買食物會耗費(fèi)更多的能源；以及“But if the packaging can be reused，if it39。s glass bottles，like in the old days，we can get some benefits.”但是如果這些包裝能夠被再利用，對我們還是會有一些益處的。作者對飯盒的使用是客觀的態(tài)度。故選C。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 There might be as many as 10 million species of plex life on this planet today —— a huge number. But add up all of the plex species that ever lived and some biologists think the grand total would be about five billion. The estimate leads to an astonishing conclusion: a staggering 99% of species are not around any more. They have been driven to extinction. More species are joining the ranks of the extinct every year. Many scientists believe we are living through an episode of remarkably rapid extinction, on a scale that has been seen only five times in the last half a billion years. They call this current episode the sixth mass extinction —— a large, global decline in a wide variety of species over a relatively short period of time. And they tend to agree that humans are the main cause. Overhunting, overfishing, and humandriven habitat loss are pushing many species to the brink. In fact, we have changed the planet so much that some geologists are now suggesting that we have entered a new phase in Earth39。s history。 an epoch they call the ＂Anthropocene＂. By 2100, it is expected that humans will have caused the extinction of up to half of the world39。s current species. Because we are living through this extinction, it is relatively easy for us to study the driving forces behind it. But how do we determine what caused other mass dieoffs that happened long ago? To do so we have to look at what archaeologists, palaeontologists, geologists and other scientists have concluded from the evidence they have gathered. The trouble is, those scientists do not always agree with one another —— even about the most recent extinction event. As well as the fiveor six mass extinctions, there have also been many smaller extinctions. One of these mini extinction events happened towards the end of the Pleistocene, a few tens of thousands of years ago. It is sometimes called the ＂megafaunal＂ extinction because many of the species it claimed were particularly large animals, weighing more than 97lb (44kg). However, its cause remains a debate amongst scientists.（1）What can we learn about the sixth mass extinction？ A.Humans are the main cause of it.B.It means a global decline over a long time.C.It occurred towards the end of the Pleistocene.D.Scientists still disagree about the cause of it.（2）What can be inferred from the text about species？ A.99% of species will not be around any more by 2100.B.By the 22nd century, there will probably be about five million on this planet.C.About eight years later we will enter what is called the ＂Anthropocene＂.D.It is not easy for us to figure out causes behind the＂Anthropocene＂.（3）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph ? A.Land animals.B.Marine life.C.Huge a