【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 people who act so generously towards others not receive any rewards. Actually, most matchers will try hard to promote and support givers so that they can get the good they deserve. Is there a gender factor (性別因素) that plays a part in this? A study led by Hannah Riley Bowles, a professor at Harvard University, focused on this question. She asked 200 senior managers to sit down in pairs where one person would act as the boss and the other as an employee to discuss salary promotions. Male employees asked for an average salary of $146k while the females asked for only $141k. But why did they not bargain as hard as the men? Simply because they were more likely to be givers. As a woman, I do enjoy the act of giving up my time, my knowledge, and my care and my attention to others. I don39。t expect anything in return, but I do tend to pull myself away when I feel like I39。m being taken for granted. I also tend to get upset when I see a loved one39。s continuous actions of kindness go unnoticed. So, it39。s safe to say I39。m 50% giver, 35% matcher and 15% taker. I do know someone, however, who is 99% giver. They39。re constantly devoting their time, sharing valuable insights (洞察力) and going out of their way for everyone who crosses their path. Although they39。re changed the lives of many people, they rarely see any of it returned. But the universe is slowly repaying them。 they39。re now extremely successful, well known for what they do.（1）We can learn from the first paragraph that ________. A.most people think they are giversB.people are not always givers or takersC.an individual is born to be a giver or a takerD.few differences exist between givers and takers（2）In Adam Grant39。s opinion, most people ________. A.hate takersB.prefer giving to takingC.enjoy relying on themselvesD.balance giving and taking（3）Hannah39。s study focused on ________. A.the role of giving and taking in jobsB.the gender difference in giving and takingC.the role of men and women in societyD.the salary difference between women and men（4）The author tends to ________. A.think acts of kindness should be valuedB.expect something in return for giving most of the timeC.take giving for grantedD.be a plete matcher（5）What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.Giving is the shortest path to success.B.Sharing is the greatest human quality.C.No good deed goes undone.D.Givers are worth respecting.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）B（4）A（5）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，大多數(shù)人在尋求給予和接受之間的平衡，但是好的行為最終都會得到回報。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“We39。re either giving advice, making time for people, or we39。re on the receiving end. We alternate between the two based on different situations we face on a daily basis, it not an hourly one.”可知，我們根據(jù)每天面對的不同情況在兩者之間交替。我們有時是給予者有時是索取者。故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“They make careful observations on takers and make it a point for them to pay something back. They hate to see people who act so generously towards others not receive any rewards. Actually, most matchers will try hard to promote and support givers so that they can get the good they deserve.”可知，在Adam Grant看來，大多數(shù)人在尋求給予和接受之間的平衡。故選D。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段可知，哈佛教授調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)女子比男子更有可能是給予者，這表明這項實驗集中于人們是給予者還是接受者的性別差異，故選B。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“I also tend to get upset when I see a loved one39。s continuous actions of kindness go unnoticed.”可知，作者不期望任何回報，但作者會在覺得他的善意沒有受到注意的情況下感到沮喪，所以作者認為一個人的善意應該被珍惜。故選A。 （5）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“But the universe is slowly repaying them。 they39。re now extremely successful, well known for what they do.”可知，好的行為最終都會得到回報，善有善報。故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。 For the past two years I have been travelling and living abroad. Home has bee more of a feeling than a place. I feel at home when I am with my family in London, but I also feel at home in Italy with friends I love. Home is no longer a picture of a house with a front door and some windows. It is more plicated than that. This is one of the reasons that celebrating the new year has bee very important for me. I do not care about New Year39。s resolutions (愿望)—living abroad has made me constantly reconsider what kind of person I want to be and how I will live my life, so I don39。t feel the need to plan for change: I live for change. New Year39。s Eve has bee my time to reconnect with the friends that makes me feel at home. Every year we try to reunite wherever we are and remember the time when we knew each other so well that we felt like a family. It is a moment to reconnect and get to know each other again. Last year, we travelled to a cottage in Ireland where we had no internet and no neighbours. In the middle of the countryside, away from our big and constantly changing lives, we were able to bee like a little family again. This year, we went to Barcelona. It was a very big change. We were surrounded by culture and life and joy. There were bars and parties. It was different, but one thing stayed very much the sameI felt at home again and we felt like a family again. A lot of people feel that New Year39。s Eve cannot live up to expectations. Ideas such as the New Year39。s kiss and resolutions create a lot of pressure for people to have a night to remember, a night that will change their lives and perhaps make the next year one worth living. I think those people are missing the point. If Christmas is about family, why can39。t New Year be about friends?（1）What does the underlined word It in Paragraph I probably mean? A.FamilyB.Living abroadC.HomeD.Staying with friends（2）Why doesn39。t the author care about New Year39。s resolutions? A.New Year39。s resolutions cannot be reached.B.His lifestyle makes him always ready for change.C.It39。s meaningless to make any big changes in life.D.Making New Year39。s resolutions creates much pressure.（3）Wh