【正文】 類型的維度 Does the person’ s interest flow mainly to the EXTROVERSION INTROVERSION Does the person prefer to perceive SENSING INTUITION THINKING FEELING Does the person prefer to live JUDGMENT PERCEPTION E S T J I N F P Does the person prefer to make judgments or decisions Where do you prefer to focus you attention?The EI scale E :Extraversion ? Attuned to external environment ? Prefer to municate by talking ? Learn best through doing or discussing ? Breath of interests ? Tend to speak first,reflect later ? Sociable and expressive ? Take initiative in work and relationships I: Introversion ? Drawn to their inner worlds ? Prefer to municate by writing ? Learn best by reflection, mental practice ? Depth of interests ? Tend to reflect before acting or speaking ? Private and contained ? Focus readily How do you Takein information,Discover things ? The SN Scale S: Sensing ? Focus on what is real and actual ? Value practical applications ? Factual and concrete, notice details ? Observe and remember sequentially ? Presentoriented ? Want information stepbystep ? Trust experience N: Intuition ? Focus on “ big picture,” possibilities ? Value imaginative insight ? Abstract and theoretical ? See patterns and meaning in facts ? Futureoriented ? Jump around ,leap in anywhere ? Trust inspiration How do you make decision? The TF Scale T: Thinking ? Analytical ? Logical problemsolvers ? Use causeand –effect reasoning ? “ Toughminded” ? Strive for impersonal, objective truth ? Reasonable ? Fair F: Felling ? Sympathetic ? Assess impact on people ? Guided by personal values ? “ Tenderhearted” ? Strive for harmony and individual validation ? Compassionate ? Accepting How do you orient toward the outer world ?The JP scale J: Judging ? Scheduled ? Organized ? Systematic ? Methodical ? Plan ? Like closureto have things decided ? Avoid lastminute stresses P: Perceiving ? Spontaneous ? Openended ? Casual ? Flexible ? Adapt ? Like things loose and open to change ? Feel energized by lastminute pressures What is your type ? ISTJ ISFJ INFJ INTJ ISTP ISFP INFP INTP ESTP ESFP ENFP ENTP ESTJ ESFJ ENFJ ENTJ 職業(yè)傾向 Temperament and occupations (adapted from Myers ,1985) SP Performers Entrepreneurs Troubleshooters Oneperson businesses Rescue teams SJ Managers Accountants Police Dentists Teachers NT Scientists Architects Engineers Designers Managers NF Counselors Journalists Artists Psychologists Clergy The uses of MBTI ? Selfdevelopment ? Career development and exploration ? Team building ? Management and leadership training 工作情景下的經(jīng)典個性研究 ? Locus of Control ? Machiavellianism ? Self Esteem ? Type A Personality 小測試：你是一個 ？ ? 指揮別人最好的辦法是告訴他們那些他們想聽到的話。 Illegal Discrimination 異類對待 (Disparate Treatment) Intentional Discrimination: 有意歧視 Unintentional Discrimination: 無意歧視 Same standards, different consequences for different groups 異類影響 (Disparate Impact) 歧視的類型 ? 定額戰(zhàn)略 ? 善意努力的戰(zhàn)略 Affirmation Action Plan 肯定性行動計(jì)劃 : 為消除以往歧視的現(xiàn)實(shí)影響而采取的步驟。在過去的一年里，那種測試篩去了所有女性求職者中的 90%和所有男性求職者的 30%。 ? 組織行為學(xué)探討個體、群體以及結(jié)構(gòu)對組織內(nèi)部行為的影響，以便提高組織的有效性。 ? 組織行為是指組織的內(nèi)部要素的相互作用以及組織外部環(huán)境的相互作用過程中所形成的行動和作為。 組織行為學(xué)與人力資源管理 ? 組織行為學(xué)（ OB） ? 理論基礎(chǔ)與原理構(gòu)建 ? 更為組織層面導(dǎo)向 ? 個體、群體、組織 ? 人力資源管理（ HRM） ? 管理實(shí)務(wù)與理論應(yīng)用 ? 更為人員層面 ? 選任、培訓(xùn)、績效、薪酬 工作 工作 工作 人 人 人 匹配 匹配 要求 素質(zhì) 需要 報(bào)酬 組織中人力資源管理的范疇 Training/ Development 培訓(xùn) /發(fā)展 HRM的職能與活動 HR Planning Job Analysis HR規(guī)劃 工作分析 Recruitment Selection 招聘 選拔 Safety and health Labor relation 安全與健康 勞動關(guān)系 Performance appraisal Compensation Benefit 績效評估 薪酬與福利 ?Acquiring 獲取 (Preselection ) (Selection) ?Developing 發(fā)展 (Postselection) ?Motivating 激勵 ?Maintaining 維持 企業(yè)人力資源管理系統(tǒng) 管理者桌面 ?組織使命 ?組織結(jié)構(gòu) ?員工 ?人事政策 ?職位（族）說明 人事管理 ?員工檔案 ?用工合同 ?人事事件 ?日常行政管理 招聘與選拔 ?申請人信息 ?職位空缺 ?廣告 ?選拔 ?信息管理 培訓(xùn)與開發(fā) ?培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃 ?培訓(xùn)需求分析 ?員工導(dǎo)向培訓(xùn) ?各類培訓(xùn) ?培訓(xùn)評估 ?信息管理 ?晉升 績效管理 ?現(xiàn)行考評方案 ?各類量表 ?結(jié)果統(tǒng)計(jì) ?反饋與投訴 薪酬福利 ?工資獎金 ?職位評價(jià) ?獎勵計(jì)劃 ?津貼 ?法定福利 ?其他福利 預(yù)警系統(tǒng) ?滿意度調(diào)查 ?流動率 ?投訴 ?勞工關(guān)系 ?重大事件 建素質(zhì)模型 建薪酬模型 建業(yè)績模型 認(rèn)知過程 團(tuán)隊(duì)、沖突 權(quán)利、談判 ? 團(tuán)隊(duì)成員角色 ? 沖突過程與策略 ? 群體間的關(guān)系 溝通 ? 溝通過程 ? 溝通設(shè)計(jì) ? 組織溝通 發(fā)展階段 ? 群體規(guī)范 ?群體結(jié)構(gòu) ?群體凝聚力 ?群體決策 OB中群體行為與 HRM 團(tuán)隊(duì)績效 效 團(tuán)隊(duì)薪酬 工作設(shè)計(jì) 人員配備 跨文化 團(tuán)隊(duì) 認(rèn)知過程 組織文化 組織變革 ?文化建設(shè) ?跨文化管理 ?變革、學(xué)習(xí)與發(fā)展 組織結(jié)構(gòu) 組織設(shè)計(jì) ? 結(jié)構(gòu)與戰(zhàn)略 ? 學(xué)習(xí)型組織 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)行為 ? 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)特征 ? 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)行為 ? 權(quán)變理論 OB中組織行為與 HRM 全球 HRM 經(jīng)營者薪酬 管理培訓(xùn) 后備培養(yǎng)計(jì)劃 人力資源戰(zhàn)略 四、 組織行為學(xué)研究方法 Five Sources of OB Research Insights (a priority listing): ? Field survey現(xiàn)場調(diào)查 ? Field studies現(xiàn)場實(shí)驗(yàn) ? Laboratory studies實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn) ? Case studies案例研究 Comparing Four Research Designs Research Designs Case Field Laboratory Field Variable Studies Surveys Experiments Experiments Generalisability Low Moderate Low High Realism High High Low Moderatetohigh Precision Low Low High High Control Low Moderate High Moderatetohigh Cost Moderate Moderate Low High 五、 History of of Organizat