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How do you Takein information,Discover things ? The SN Scale S: Sensing ? Focus on what is real and actual ? Value practical applications ? Factual and concrete, notice details ? Observe and remember sequentially ? Presentoriented ? Want information stepbystep ? Trust experience N: Intuition ? Focus on “ big picture,” possibilities ? Value imaginative insight ? Abstract and theoretical ? See patterns and meaning in facts ? Futureoriented ? Jump around ,leap in anywhere ? Trust inspiration How do you make decision? The TF Scale T: Thinking ? Analytical ? Logical problemsolvers ? Use causeand –effect reasoning ? “ Toughminded” ? Strive for impersonal, objective truth ? Reasonable ? Fair F: Felling ? Sympathetic ? Assess impact on people ? Guided by personal values ? “ Tenderhearted” ? Strive for harmony and individual validation ? Compassionate ? Accepting How do you orient toward the outer world ?The JP scale J: Judging ? Scheduled ? Organized ? Systematic ? Methodical ? Plan ? Like closureto have things decided ? Avoid lastminute stresses P: Perceiving ? Spontaneous ? Openended ? Casual ? Flexible ? Adapt ? Like things loose and open to change ? Feel energized by lastminute pressures What is your type ? ISTJ ISFJ INFJ INTJ ISTP ISFP INFP INTP ESTP ESFP ENFP ENTP ESTJ ESFJ ENFJ ENTJ 職業(yè)傾向 Temperament and occupations (adapted from Myers ,1985) SP Performers Entrepreneurs Troubleshooters Oneperson businesses Rescue teams SJ Managers Accountants Police Dentists Teachers NT Scientists Architects Engineers Designers Managers NF Counselors Journalists Artists Psychologists Clergy The uses of MBTI ? Selfdevelopment ? Career development and exploration ? Team building ? Management and leadership training 工作情景下的經(jīng)典個性研究 ? Locus of Control ? Machiavellianism ? Self Esteem ? Type A Personality 小測試:你是一個 ? ? 指揮別人最好的辦法是告訴他們那些他們想聽到的話。 1 2 3 4 5 ? 一般來說,如果不受到強(qiáng)迫,人們不會努力工作。從而有利于將最合適的人放到最合適的崗位,并在人與人之間獲得完美的工作組合。) ? 智力水平和能力傾向主要是反映個體未經(jīng)控制條件下的學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)果。 5. 皇甫恩,“ MBTI人格類型量表的效度分析”,《心理學(xué)報》, 2023 年第3期。 7. 劉遠(yuǎn)我:“試論我國人才測評事業(yè)的發(fā)展”,《心理學(xué)》 1999年第一期。 ? 知識反映已知和受到控制條件下的學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)果,反映個體當(dāng)時已達(dá)到的知識水平。 包括:智力能力 ( Intellectual Ability) 體力能力 ( Physical ability) ? 能力存在差異 1. 能力類型的差異 2. 能力水平的差異 3. 能力表現(xiàn)早晚的差異 4. 能力性別的差異 Abilities and Skills Innate Learned Spatial Orientation HandEye Coordination Numerical facility Using a keyboard Operating equipment Driving an automobile 能力的類型 ? 一般能力(智力) (指人表現(xiàn)在認(rèn)知方面的一般能力。 LOCUS OF CONTROL 控制點(diǎn) The Degree to Which People Believe they are in Charge of their Own Fate MACHIAVELLIANISM 馬基雅維里 IS THE DEGREE TO WHICH AN INDIVIDUAL IS PRAGMATIC, MAINTAINS EMOTIONAL DISTANCE AND BELIEVES THAT ENDS CAN JUSTIFY MEANS HIGH MACHS MANIPULATE MORE, WIN MORE, ARE PERSUADED LESS AND HAVE GREATER INFLUNCE OVER OTHER PEOPLE “ IF IT WORKS, USE IT” 馬基雅維里主義者 ?人格特征 : 相信結(jié)果可以為手段辯護(hù); 重實(shí)效,保持情感距離 。 1 2 3 4 5 ? 任何完全相信別人的人都會陷入困境之中。 (霍夫斯塔德 1991) 管理學(xué)意義上的文化是指群體成員共同認(rèn)同和擁有的一組管理理念與愿景、價值觀取向和行為模式。在過去的 20年里, 20%的男性求職者和 70%的女性求職者都因?yàn)檫@個要求而被拒絕。 ? 組織行為學(xué)的理論體系 ?組織行為學(xué)的研究 框架 ?組織行為學(xué)研究的 基本變量 ?對組織行為學(xué)有貢獻(xiàn)的相關(guān)學(xué)科 Basic OB Model 組織行為學(xué)的基本模型 Groups level 群體水平 Individual level 個體水平 Organization systems level 組織水平 組織行為學(xué)的兩個基本問題 組織 組織? 影響 影響 成員 成員? 如何做 如何做 Primary variables 組織行為研究的基本變量 The independent variables The dependent variables 1. Individuallevel variables 1. Productivity 2. 個體水平變量 生產(chǎn)率 2. Grouplevel variables 2. Turnover 群體水平變量 流動率 3. Organizationlevel variables 3. Absenteeism 組織水平變量 缺勤率 4. Job satisfaction 工作滿意度 The Individual Level in the OB Model ( 個體行為) Biographical Characteristics 傳記特點(diǎn) Personality 人格 Values and Attitudes 價值觀 /態(tài)度 Ability 能力 Perception 感知 Motivation 激勵 Learning 學(xué)習(xí) Individual decision making Productivity Absence Turnover Satisfaction Group decision making 群體決策 Communication 溝通 Other Groups 團(tuán)隊(duì) Leadership 領(lǐng)導(dǎo) Group 群體 Conflict 沖突 Power and Politics 權(quán)力與政治 Productivity Absence Turnover Satisfaction Inter group relations The Group Level in the OB Model (群體行為) The Organizational System Level (組織行為) Human resource policies and Practices HRM政策與實(shí)踐 Organizational Culture 組織文化 Work Stress 工作壓力 Organization structure and design 組織結(jié)構(gòu)與設(shè)計 Productivity Absence Turnover Satisfaction 對組織行為學(xué)有貢獻(xiàn)的學(xué)科 Psychology Sociology Social Psychology Anthropology Political Science Learning Motivation Personality Perception Training Leadersh