【正文】 網(wǎng)站查閱有關(guān)中習(xí)禮儀文化差別的資料，掌握中西禮儀文化的差別；—2009年2月，走訪外教、涉外辦事旅游人員、歸國留學(xué)生及華僑，掌握中西禮儀文化差異的真實(shí)資料；，課題小組成員匯總資料，就其研究發(fā)表自己的看法，撰寫論報，與同學(xué)們分享研究成果，聽取師生們的評議；，召開結(jié)題評議會。這讓我們明白：有些問候在中國是合乎禮節(jié)的，而在西方卻不被采用。在西方，日常打招呼他們只說一聲“Hello”，或按時間來分說聲“Good morning!”、“Good afternoon”、“Good eveing”就可以了。一般而言，它是我國人們相見時以行為代替語言向?qū)Ψ絾柡?、致意的一種方式。而這種現(xiàn)象，在我國是不會發(fā)生的。如，在和病人告別時，中國人常說“多喝點(diǎn)開水”、“多穿點(diǎn)衣服”、“早點(diǎn)休息”之類的話，表示對病人的關(guān)懷。2中西就餐禮儀的不同中西方由于文化的差異，在就餐禮儀上也存在著很多差異。女主人右手邊的座位是第一主賓席，一般是位先生；男主人右邊的座位是第二主賓席、一般是主賓的夫人。餐具方面，我們常用的是杯子、盤子、碗、碟子、筷子、匙羹等幾種。杯的種類更多，茶杯、咖啡杯為瓷器，并配小碟；水杯，酒杯多為玻璃制品。在西方，如果吃到一半想放下刀叉略作休息，應(yīng)把刀叉以八字形狀擺在盤子中央。并且，在用餐的過程中，中西方也存在很多的細(xì)節(jié)差異。：傳統(tǒng)的中餐并沒有餐巾。最好不要把餐巾塞入領(lǐng)口?？曜娱_合幅度可用中指的活動來調(diào)整。刀叉的拿法是輕握尾端，食指按在柄上。較軟的食物可放在叉子平面上，用刀子整理一下。且切記在餐桌上夸夸奇談，盡量少說客套話。在不同場合，穿著得體、適度的人，給人留下好印象，而穿著不當(dāng)，則會降低人的身份，損害自身的形象。健美的形體是著裝美的天然條件。而最能代表我們國家的是中山裝，西方待變裝飾是西裝。在穿西服時，宜穿白色襯衫，打領(lǐng)帶。西方國家，尤其是在美國，平時人們喜歡穿休閑裝，如T恤加牛仔服。這是因?yàn)樽粤_馬時代開始，白色象征歡慶。紗，象征著激情的火焰。一直到近代，貴族階級的特權(quán)消失以后，白色的婚紗才成為普通新娘的禮服。因此新娘就用鳳表示。偉大的英國作家莎士比亞曾經(jīng)說：“一個人的穿著打扮，就是他的教養(yǎng)、品味、地位的最真實(shí)的寫照。西式婚禮是證婚人(牧師,神父或主持婚禮的長輩)走到婚禮臺的正中位置,(即賓客的右邊),面對賓客站好,女儐相們站在左邊,，新娘手捧鮮花，挽著父親的手入場．在新教的婚禮上，新娘的父親與女兒站在一起，牧師站在新人面前一兩步的距離，詢問：＂是誰嫁出這位女子?“他的父親把女兒的右手放在牧師的手上說:”是她的母親和我.“然后父親退到臺階下面前排左邊的座位跟前,再用左手舉起新郎的手,近親中又沒有男性長輩,新郎應(yīng)上前迎接,新娘的父親收回自己的胳膊,新娘把右手伸給新郎,”是否愿意接受對方成為你的丈夫/妻子“,新人互相說完”我愿意“之后,宣讀結(jié)婚誓言來表達(dá)他們相親相愛,并說到:”這枚戒指象征我們兩人的結(jié)合.“ 這時候,證婚人宣布新人的結(jié)合生效,并宣讀:”女士們先生們,我榮幸地想你們介紹XX先生和夫人.新人在人們的起立鼓掌中,重新走過婚禮甬道,新人還未入場之際,新郎,新娘,主持人宣布新人及家長入場,:新娘父母,新郎父母,伴娘和伴郎,主伴郎和住伴娘,最后是新婚夫婦入場,人們一入座,使晚宴向后推延,新郎和新娘在恢復(fù)了迎賓疲勞之后,，所有的賓客都應(yīng)觀看，喝彩。當(dāng)新郎開始與伴娘們一起跳舞時，客人們也開始找舞伴跳舞。然后，新娘在母親和伴娘的陪同下回房間換旅行裝。而中式禮儀則是吉日一到，新郎要親自率領(lǐng)儀仗前往迎娶。花轎抵達(dá)女家門前時，女家一定大門緊閉，這叫攔門。射箭的姿勢是射一箭退一步，然后新娘跨馬鞍，走火盆，這些禮節(jié)過了之后，就在供案前舉行結(jié)婚大典，俗語叫“拜天地“。新郎新娘雙雙坐在洞房的炕沿上或床上，新郎將自己的左衣襟壓在新娘的右衣襟上，表示男人應(yīng)該壓女人一頭。然后是“合巹”酒，又稱“交杯酒”。在現(xiàn)代社會里，宗教是一種不容忽略的客觀存在。基督教：與基督教信仰者打交道時，不已對其尊敬的上帝、圣母、基督以及其他圣徒、圣事說長道短，不宜任意使用圣象與其宗教標(biāo)志。守齋時，他們絕對不食肉、不飲酒。在基督教的專項(xiàng)儀式上，講究著裝典雅，神態(tài)莊嚴(yán)，舉止檢點(diǎn)。凡出家者，男稱為僧，女稱為尼。故民間有“僧不言名，道不言壽”之說。對于佛祖、佛像、寺廟以及僧尼，佛教均要求其信徒畢恭畢敬。當(dāng)正當(dāng)?shù)姆鸾虄x式進(jìn)行時，不應(yīng)對其任意阻撓或者蓄意加以擾亂。即禁止其信徒食用蔥、蒜、韭菜等幾種氣味刺鼻的菜蔬。我們應(yīng)尊重這些差異做到入鄉(xiāng)隨俗； 2同時我們也意識到了禮儀文化的重要性，因?yàn)榻浑H過程中的禮儀文化包含著個人的文明素養(yǎng)，體現(xiàn)著個人的品行修養(yǎng)；3主觀方面，我們了解了中西方在問候、待客、就餐、服飾及宗教方面的差異之后，對西方的文化有了更近一步的了解，同時它讓我們對西方的文化有了更深的興趣，感受到了世界文化的多樣性。所以西方人即使請客吃飯，也是各點(diǎn)各的菜、體意識”，西方文化的思想內(nèi)核則是“個體意識” 各喝各的酒，以免把自己的意志強(qiáng)加于人。筆者從如下四個方面對中西餐桌禮儀進(jìn)行簡單 的比較，以便在跨文化交際中能恰當(dāng)?shù)?、得體地進(jìn)行交際。我國北方多木，南方多竹，祖先就 地取材，竹木均成為我國最原始的筷箸原料。到 18 世紀(jì)才有了四個叉尖的叉子。而筷子帶來的合餐制，突出了老老少少坐一起的家庭單元，從而讓東方人擁有了比較牢固 的家庭觀念。在使用刀 叉時也有一些禁忌。餐具掉落不要彎腰拾撿。對門為上，兩邊為偏座。而在西方，右為尊，左為次。坐姿端正，背挺直，脖子伸長。餐桌氣氛上的差異，中國餐桌上動，西方餐桌上靜。這種“鬧” 能從某種程度上折射中國人家庭溫馨、鄰里和睦、國人團(tuán)結(jié)的“一團(tuán)和氣”。不要舔嘴唇或咂嘴發(fā)出聲音。音量保持對方能聽見的程度。而西方盛宴、一般四至五道菜，份量以吃完或稍有剩余為最佳。而西方人強(qiáng)調(diào)效率和實(shí)用主義價值觀，在交際中十分注重自身面子的需要。如在英國，你若問人吃飯沒有，其含義是你有意請對方吃飯；這對于未婚男女，則表 明你有意約會對方。第三篇：中西方餐桌禮儀的文化差異中西方餐桌禮儀的文化差異CULTURAL DIFFERENCES OF TABLE MANNERS BETWEEN EAST AND WESTAbstract and Key WordsAbstract: Table manners are the rules of etiquette used while cultures observe different rules for table article has some contrastive analysis and research on the cultural differences of table manners between East and West from the point of view on sense of arriving time, seat arrangement, order of serving dishes, tableware, behaviour and is concluded that with the wide spreading of intercultural munication people in East and West are deeply transformed，permeated and accepted to one e to respect and tolerate different table manners, thus are even assimilative and syncretize with each words: table manners。本文從時間觀念、座次安排、上菜順序、餐具、行為和語言幾個方面對中西方餐桌禮儀的文化差異做出對比分析，并由此得出結(jié)論，隨著跨文化交際活動越來越廣泛，中西方人經(jīng)歷了深刻的轉(zhuǎn)變，從相互滲透到彼此接受，人們逐漸能夠尊重和容忍不同文化的餐桌禮儀，甚至趨于同化和融合。s staple in a feast or banquet, people always eat little because of the abundant of the last, desserts and fruits are provided to help there are lots of tables on the banquet, every dish should be served programs can not only make the whole process in harmony and order, but also make host and guests expression and munication , the table manners can make the dinner perfect and make host and guests both cultivation fully western countries, the first dish is also appetizer which with distinctive is always with salty and acid taste and small quantity but high second dish is soup, which very different from soup can be roughly divided into four categories of clear soup, cream soup, vegetable soup and cold , the third dish is fish dish, also known as side dish, which including many kinds of fish, shellfish and fish is easy to digest, it is served in front of meat and poultry dishes is the fourth dish, which also known as the main most representative is beef and dishes, called salad in western, can be arranged either after or with the meat dish, so it can be a kind of side six dish is dessert, which including all the food after the main course in a sense, such as pudding, ice cream, cheese, fruit and so final is beverage that often includes coffee with cream or tea with Tableware Of course, the main difference on the dinner table between East and West is the different , which have a long history, are the most important tableware in tradition of using chopsticks as tableware was introduced to many other countries in the invention of chopsticks reflects the wisdom of Chinese ancient pair of chopsticks, though they look simple, can nip, pick, rip and stir having a meal, chopsticks should be put tidily on the right of the finishing a meal, they should be put vertically on the midline of the is mainly used to drink soup or take quite small not get too full when using the spoon to get food, lest overflow make the table and clothes is mainly used to fill the food, according the amount and shape of food it plate that slight small should be put on the left of bowl to temporarily put food taken from the public wastes and bone should be put in the front of the small plate with chopsticks instead of directly spitting into speaking, people do not use much tablewares when having meals in people mainly use bowl, chopsticks and in serving English meals, they use so much tablewares with different kinds and example, there are different kinds of glasses in English, such as wine glass, cherry glass, brandy glass, beer glass, snifter glass, champion flute and high use of tableware al