【正文】 s, to % in the 80s, and to as high as % in the kinds of light psychological disturbance exist among different age groups of people. They are concerned with anxiety, depression, obsessional neurosis, excessive preoccupation with real or fancied ailments, alcoholism, drug abuse, a fear of a particular thing (phobia), an irrational fear of being overweight (anorexia nervosa).The number of this type of patients is by far shocking enough. It has reached a high of 20%. Experts concerned say, mental illness in modern society has bee as mon as cold and , higher on the list of diseases are not heart blood vessel disease (cardiovascular disease), brain blood vessel disease (cerebrovascular disease), respiratory disease, malignant tumors, but mental illness. There are two causes for mental illness: endogenic and exogenic. The former is hereditary while the latter is closely connected with one’ s environment. And yet, both are concerned with tense inter personal relationships, intense petition and a faster tempo of life in general. China is not yet ready to cope with this situation. Of the 10,000 staff members for mental health care in China, only half have received a bachelor’ s degree. In the United States, however, the number stands at more than 40, hospitals in China have no psychiatric department, and as a result, mental illness is often not diagnosed correctly or promptly. Some Chinese harbor a prejudice against mental illness patients. They presume that those mental patients must have done something terribly wrong in the past, and they deserve their illness. Of course, this point of view is pletely wrong. Those patients are just mon guys who are unable to cope with pressure. To help mental illness patients relieve their symptoms, it is not only necessary to encourage the public to look at the problem in the face, seek the government’ s assistance, and what’ s more, divert people’ s attention to the problem of mental health. The most obvious advice for those mental illness patients is to keep fit. Currently, only 10 per cent of China’ s mental patients receive proper treatment, while the majority stay silent about their troubles. The best way to prevent mental problems is to adopt a sound attitude to life. One’ s outlook on life and one’ s lifestyle are both important in preventing the development of a mental problem. Among the remedies, to help fend off mental pressure is a mon action. It is as mon as eating properly and getting enough sleep. As simple as they are, most mental illness patients tend to neglect their trouble pletely. Such negligence is prehensive. Different people have different ways of dealing with life’s peaks and valleys. For these who regard life as a platform to stage a show, the top priority is not to live long but to have fun. To them, the most desirable thing is to strike a balance between living long and living well. And for some people, the surest bet in living a happy life is to get rich, which is not only glorious but also healthy. But for most people, God has never smiled at them. For them, a desirable thing is to strike a balance among what has been dreamed of, what has been possessed, and what could be enjoyed. Some people say that, we are all born crying and we will all die among crying, and the enjoyment of life lies just between the two. Living a life with the peace of mind will help people prevent from suffering various mental disturbance, will help them enjoy their life, and free them from any possible endurance of it or from being tortured by it. Mental health is an important area that people should concern themselves with in the increasingly petitive and materialized society. TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES 虛詞的翻譯 漢英語(yǔ)言中都有實(shí)詞與虛詞之分。“的”字的功能主要有以下三種： 1. “的”是定語(yǔ)的標(biāo)志。例如： 我會(huì)告訴她的。 I made the sketch。這筆錢非經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)不得動(dòng)用。不得觸摸展品。 This time we are the host team, and we can’ t afford to lose the game. He is like a tiger whose backside no one dares to touch. 3. “得”表示程度、結(jié)果的英譯 表示程度、結(jié)果的“得”英譯時(shí)，方法比較多。例子多得不勝枚舉。他把那個(gè)在辦公室打雜的罵得狗血噴頭。如： She fell asleep while listening to music. “著”還有其他用法：附加在“站”、“坐”等表示物體狀態(tài)、姿態(tài)的動(dòng)詞后，或附加在某些短暫性動(dòng)詞后，英譯時(shí)，常與一般時(shí)對(duì)應(yīng)；附加在連動(dòng)式第一個(gè)動(dòng)詞后，表示伴隨，可譯成英語(yǔ)不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)、現(xiàn)在分詞等。那個(gè)小姑娘含著眼淚走開(kāi)了。例如： The water level has risen to the warning stage. 此外，“了”附加在形容詞后表示既成事實(shí)，英譯時(shí)，可用比較級(jí)轉(zhuǎn)換。保值儲(chǔ)蓄推出后，該儲(chǔ)蓄所儲(chǔ)戶的存款熱情高了好多。 He has been to Suzhou and Hangzhou, the renowned places called “ paradise on earth” 。例如： I smoked but kicked the habit later. 四、表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)氣詞的英譯 在對(duì)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的語(yǔ)氣詞進(jìn)行翻譯時(shí)，除使用表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的英語(yǔ)詞匯外，還可以采用倒裝或強(qiáng)調(diào)句式等句法手段。 你既然當(dāng)上了局長(zhǎng)，可得廉潔奉公?。? Now you are the head of the bureau, mind you be honest in performing official duties. 本句采用了表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的英語(yǔ)詞匯。 五、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)副詞的英譯 前面說(shuō)過(guò)，漢語(yǔ)主要以詞匯手段表示時(shí)態(tài)，即添加時(shí)態(tài)助詞和時(shí)間副詞；英語(yǔ)主要靠動(dòng)詞形態(tài)變化表示時(shí)態(tài)。 For years we have been stressing the important role of science and technology in the development of agriculture. The flag raising ceremony is about to start. 六、表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的語(yǔ)氣副詞的英譯 這類詞有“可、倒、竟、偏、也、決不、究竟、只好、難道”等。原來(lái)竟是她父親。你聽(tīng)到的正是貝多芬的《月光》奏鳴曲。 1. 譯為關(guān)系從句 英語(yǔ)關(guān)系從句可表示轉(zhuǎn)折、條件、假設(shè)等關(guān)系。 There is a considerable gap in actual strength between the Chinese team and the Japanese , the former was confident of winning all the time, which the latter seldom was. Robert is an introvert and David, an extrovert. 3. 譯為“ what if”、虛擬語(yǔ)氣或其他句型 例如： Over the trees appear some distant mountains, but merely in a sketchy silhouette. EXERCISES Ⅰ . USEFUL TERM TRANSLATION 1. 風(fēng)寒喘急 2. 風(fēng)熱感冒 3. 風(fēng)濕腰痛 4. 干咳 5. 肝膽濕熱 6. 肝火 7. 肝火耳鳴 8. 肝氣不和 9. 肝腎虧損 10. 功能障礙 11. 寒凝氣滯 12. 寒熱 13. 狐臭 14. 火氣 15. 急驚風(fēng) 16. 經(jīng)絡(luò)阻滯 17. 驚風(fēng) 18. 驚厥 19. 舊瀉不止 20. 秘方 21. 安神 22. 按法 23. 按摩 24. 八法 25. 拔毒 26. 膏藥 27. 標(biāo)本同治 28. 推拿 29. 止咳 30. 補(bǔ)腎壯陽(yáng) 31. 補(bǔ)五臟 32. 催吐法 33. 糖尿病 34. 大氣療法 35. 電磁綜合法 36. 化痰 37. 對(duì)癥下藥 38. 反治 39. 清熱 40. 中風(fēng) Ⅱ . SENTENCE TRANSLATION A 1. 一個(gè)人只有在軀體、心理、社會(huì)適應(yīng)和道德四個(gè)方面都健康才