【正文】
e of technologies 3) the trend in the industry Dear Mr. Wang:As a student at Beijing College of printing, I am currently doing a research project on the future of the printing industry. I feel that an inside view of the market situation at this time is necessary for me to have a convincing conclusion so I am eager for your suggestions. Would you please spare a few minutes answering a few questions about the market for printing industry?1.In general,what challenges is the printing industry facing at this time, and what types of strategies are being used to meet them?2.What types of technologies are important to this industry at present and what technologies do you feel will play an important role in the near future?3.Do you think that this industry will experience growth in the future, and, if so, what trends do you expect to see occurring?If you would kindly take the time to answer these questions, I’d venture to hope you can reply it before the end of Aprilthe deadline of my report. Thank you in advance for your attention to my request.Sincerely, Li Ming(5)投訴信投投訴信是因為對服務(wù)、商品等不滿而向諸如商店、廠家、消費者協(xié)會等相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)機構(gòu)寫的信件。可分三大部分:引言部分自我介紹并講明詢問目的。如果對方學(xué)校有要求,還應(yīng)附上“個人簡歷”、學(xué)習(xí)成績、研究成果的摘要等。 b) 使你對某個專業(yè)產(chǎn)生興趣的學(xué)術(shù)背景和訓(xùn)練。不論什么原因,不要對你的公司政策、老板、管理人員、同事做任何負(fù)面評價。如請求及時回信、希望當(dāng)面洽談、提供進一步接觸的聯(lián)系方式或指出附件中有相關(guān)的證明文件等。(1)求職信(Letters of Applying for a Job)通常包含三個部分:a)引言部分寫明寫信原因、具體謀求的職位、獲得申請信息的來源(如:報紙廣告、熟人介紹)等。從形式上看應(yīng)該側(cè)重考查公務(wù)信函,因為只有此類信函才需用到書面語的正式語體。二、常見信函的基本類型及內(nèi)容要點英文書信主要分為兩大類:私人信函和公務(wù)信函。考研應(yīng)用文在話題選擇方面有其自身的特點。在書信中經(jīng)常體現(xiàn)的情感有:感激、憤怒、高興、哀傷等。1)根據(jù)寫作對象確定文章用正式還是非正式的文體;2)根據(jù)題目中的關(guān)鍵詞,確定主體內(nèi)容的邏輯順序;3)根據(jù)話題明確需要表達(dá)的感情類型,結(jié)合交際目的,確定表達(dá)方式,可以選用合適的套語。有時,同一類型的書信也可以采用正式與非正式兩種語體表達(dá),如:邀請客人參加晚會的書信比較隨便、簡短;而邀請參加學(xué)術(shù)會議的書信則很正規(guī)。2.語體書信類應(yīng)用文的寫作中主要有正式與非正式的兩種語體或者說是書面語體與口語語體。第一個詞的首字母要大寫,末尾用逗號。結(jié)束語是寫信人對收信人的一種客套稱呼,它需要根據(jù)寫信人與收信人之間的關(guān)系而定,最常見的有:Yours sincerely或Sincerely yours(適用于各種關(guān)系)。采用縮進式的正文每段第一行應(yīng)往右縮進約四五個字母,第二行起從左面頂格寫起。引言部分講明寫信目的(如:求職、申請學(xué)校和專業(yè)等)和寫信背景(如:促使你寫信的某件事或某個廣告)、發(fā)展部分陳述相關(guān)要點,這部分相當(dāng)于一篇文章的主體段落,內(nèi)容應(yīng)詳實、具體。②正文。院長Director, Dean。市長Mayor。副主席或副董事長Vice Chairman。博士Doctor(Dr.,.)。例如:My dear mother,Dear Mary等。稱呼即寫信人對收信人的稱謂,它取決于寫信人和收信人之間的關(guān)系。一、信函型寫作總述書信是研究生應(yīng)用文寫作考查的重點。(2)內(nèi)容上在覆蓋要求中的所有信息點的同時要注意語言的簡煉,寫作時可以利用提示語中的關(guān)鍵詞,但不能完全照抄照搬原題提示。英語應(yīng)用文指在日常工作和生活中應(yīng)用的文體,其類型多樣,包括信函、備忘錄、摘要、報告、通知等。寫好應(yīng)用文,考生關(guān)鍵要掌握其宏觀語篇結(jié)構(gòu)與具體語言形式,即既要懂得每一類型應(yīng)用文的格式與基本框架(先寫什么,后寫什么),又要得體地運用恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z言形式(包括具體的詞匯和句型)。(3)書寫格式要規(guī)范,根據(jù)不同內(nèi)容,選擇相應(yīng)的寫作格式。1. 正文的必備結(jié)構(gòu)考研應(yīng)用文不需要對書信格式進行復(fù)習(xí),但需要注意信件正文的結(jié)構(gòu)。公務(wù)信函中稱呼的一般形式是Dear Mr./Mrs./Ms./Miss +收信人的姓氏。也可以根據(jù)題目信息,用頭銜、職位、職稱、學(xué)位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。 醫(yī)學(xué)博士Medical Doctor(.)。副總統(tǒng)或副校長Vice President。參議員Senator。 副院長Vice Director。正文是一封書信中最重要的部分,也是書信寫作考查的重點。結(jié)尾部分可簡要重申中間部分的要點或致謝、敦促收信人早日回信等。采用齊頭式,則每一行都從左面頂格寫起。比較正式的結(jié)束語有:(Very )Respectfully yours, Yours (very) respectfully,用于地位高的人或長輩;(Very)Truly yours, Yours (very )truly,用于不大熟悉而彼此間又需要客氣的人;(Very )Faithfully yours, Yours (very) faithfully,用于對機關(guān)的正式函件。④簽名。考生可根據(jù)書信類型、收信人身份選擇合適的語體。請看下列兩封書信:Dear Zhao Xiang,My brother and I are going to have a small dancing party to celebrate the New Year at home. We are going to invite some old friends and hope you can e. The time is next Saturday, February 7, at seven o’clock in the evening.I know you have been very busy recently, but I do hope you can manage it. We are looking forward to your ing with great pleasure.Yours affectionately, Li MingDear Professor Zhang: I am pleased to inform you that Beijing Technology Company is organizing a three day seminar entitled “Cruising the Internet Securely” in September 2005 in Beijing, as part of its continuous efforts to provide a platform for experts to meet and exchange expertise. You are cordially invited to participate in this important academic event of the city as our guest. Your round trip air ticket, acmodation and meal expenses will be subsidized. Should you be interested, please let us know at your earliest convenience. Look forward to seeing you in this conference, and to having you as an important part of this event. Sincerely,Li MingManager Technology Co. LtdEncl. Seminar Announcement, Timetable, Member List從以上示例可以看出,正式體和非正式體書信雖然在本質(zhì)上并沒有什么區(qū)別,但在形式上是有差異的。注意:要重點選用自己熟悉的表述方式。平時要留意和積累情感的表達(dá)方式(比如:it’s my pleasure to…)。從05年增加應(yīng)用文考查以來,考查內(nèi)容都和考生熟悉的生活有著千絲萬縷的聯(lián)系,或以考生日常生活場景為背景(如05年的辭職信、07年針對圖書館的建議信、08年對誤拿房東CD的道歉信),或以社會熱點問題為切入點(06年捐助貧困兒童的申請信、09年針對限塑令沒有達(dá)到理想效果的建議信)。私人信函是指與朋友、家人之間的往來書信,