【正文】 碩士學(xué)位論文 電能質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與研究 DESIGN AND RESEARCH OF THE ELECTRIC POWER QUALITY MONITORING SYSTEM 李林 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué) 20xx 年 6 月 國(guó)內(nèi)圖書(shū)分類(lèi)號(hào)： TM932 國(guó)際圖書(shū)分類(lèi)號(hào)： 學(xué)校代碼： 10213 密級(jí)：公開(kāi) 工學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 電能質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與研究 碩 士 研究生：李林 導(dǎo)師：曲延濱教授 申 請(qǐng) 學(xué) 位 ： 工學(xué) 碩士 學(xué) 科 專(zhuān) 業(yè) ： 電氣工程 所 在 單 位：信息科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院 答 辯 日 期： 20xx 年 6 月 授予學(xué)位單位：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué) Classified Index: TM932 : Dissertation for the Master Degree in Engineering DESIGN AND RESEARCH OF THE ELECTRIC POWER QUALITY MONITORING SYSTEM Candidate: Supervisor: Academic Degree Applied for: Specialty: Affiliation： Date of Defense: DegreeConferringInstitution: Li Lin Prof. Qu Yanbin Master of Engineering Electrical Engineering School of Information Science and Engineering June, 20xx Harbin Institute of Technology 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)工學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 摘 要 隨著國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和科學(xué)技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展，現(xiàn)代電力電子變流裝置和非線(xiàn)性設(shè) 備被大量使用，電能質(zhì)量問(wèn)題已經(jīng)引起電力部門(mén)和許多重要商業(yè)用戶(hù)的密切關(guān) 注，一方面是電網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量的下降，另一方面卻是用戶(hù)對(duì)電能質(zhì)量要求的提高， 其矛盾日益尖銳。因此，如何提高和保證電能質(zhì)量己經(jīng)成為我國(guó)電力系統(tǒng)面臨 的重要問(wèn)題，對(duì)電能質(zhì)量進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)與分析具有十分重要的意義。 本文首先論述了電力系統(tǒng)參數(shù)監(jiān)測(cè)的意義及研究發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，介紹了諧波的 危害和目前存在的諧波檢測(cè)方法，并在電能質(zhì)量和電能計(jì)量相關(guān)的國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的 基礎(chǔ)上，提出了電力參數(shù)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方案，然后從硬件、軟件和算法三個(gè) 方面詳細(xì)介紹了電力參數(shù)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的研制。 根據(jù)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的需要，本文采用 DSP+MCU 構(gòu)架，充分發(fā)揮 DSP 芯片的數(shù) 字處理能力和 MCU 的控制功能。采用模塊化的設(shè)計(jì)思路，將系統(tǒng)分為信號(hào)采 集模塊、信號(hào)處理模塊、人機(jī)接口模塊等多個(gè)功能模塊，各模塊之間通過(guò)信息 交換協(xié)調(diào)工作。硬件方面，本文詳細(xì)介紹了數(shù)據(jù)采集和數(shù)據(jù)處理等模塊的具體 電路實(shí)現(xiàn)，以及相關(guān)的系統(tǒng)電路擴(kuò)展；軟 件方面，本文著重分析了諧波分析算 法，采用了一種針對(duì)實(shí)輸入序列的高效 FFT 算法，并對(duì)使用 FFT 算法帶來(lái)的頻 譜泄漏和柵欄效應(yīng)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析，提出了基于窗函數(shù)的插值 FFT 算法，給出 了算法的 DSP 實(shí)現(xiàn)方法，并在 MATLAB 中進(jìn)行仿真，驗(yàn)證了算法的正確性。 同時(shí)，對(duì)于頻譜分析的抗混疊處理，本文設(shè)計(jì)了基于窗函數(shù)的數(shù)字濾波器。對(duì) 于 DSP 自舉引導(dǎo)程序的設(shè)計(jì)、 DSP 與 A/D 以及 MCU 的接口編程以及數(shù)據(jù)的采 集，本文也詳細(xì)的介紹了其實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程。 本系統(tǒng)具有很高的測(cè)量速度和測(cè)量精度，人機(jī)界 面友好，易于操作，功能 齊全，具有可擴(kuò)展性，便于系統(tǒng)的硬件和軟件升級(jí)，具有很好的研究?jī)r(jià)值和實(shí) 用價(jià)值。 關(guān)鍵詞 電能質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)；諧波分析；數(shù)字濾波器； FFT； DSP I 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)工學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 Abstract With the rapid development of national economy and science technology, various kinds of electric and electronic convertors and other nonlinear load are widely applicated, this can make the voltage and current waveform distor and result in the serious depravation of electric power quality. So the electric power departments and many important business users now pay more and more attention to the electric power quality issue. On the one hand, the quality of electric power has declined, on the other hand the users require to improve the quality of electrical energy. So detecting and analyzing electric power quality is quite significant. In accordance with the need of the monitoring system, we use DSP+MCU architecture, and give full play to the digital processing capacity of DSP and the control function of MCU. The thesis firstly discusses the significance of power quality monitoring system and the development of the meaning of the power quality monitoring system, then introduce the harm of harmonic in power system and several kinds of general analysis methods used in harmonic monitoring. And, the thesis designs the system scheme bases on the national and sector standards about electric power quality. Then the author introduce the research method of electric power quality monitoring system from the two aspects of hardware and software. The author uses the modular design method to design the multifunctional electric power quality monitoring system, the system is divided to several modules such as signal acquisition module, signal processing module, manmachine interface and so on. The modules work in harmony through the exchange of information between them. The author designs the hardware part design method of circuit schematic diagram including the signal acquisition module and the signal processing module, and related expansion of the system circuit. The author designed the hardware part focusing on the harmonic analysis algorithm, using a highefficiency FFT algorithm for a real number input sequence. The author also analyses detailedly the spectrum leakage and fence effect acpanied by using FFT algorithm, bringing forward the interpolated FFT algorithm based on window function, and introduces how to actualize it in DSP. Then we give the simulation method in MATLAB to verify the correctness of the algorithm. Simultaneously, the thesis designs the digital filter based on window function to deal with spectrum aliasing. In addition, the thesis II 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)工學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 introduces the design method of bootloader function and the interface with other equipment for DSP. The system has very high measurement speed and the measuring accuracy, friendly interface, easy to operate, multifunction, convenient extension,easy to upgrade the hardware and software. So it has a high value for researching and practical application. Key words electric power quality monitoring system, harmonic analysis, digital filters, FFT, DSP III 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)工學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 目 錄 摘 要 ......................................................................................................................I Abstract ................................................................................................................. II 第 1 章 緒論 ............................................................................................................ 1 本文研究的背景和意義 ............................................................................... 1 電力監(jiān)測(cè)裝置的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................... 2 論文研究的主要內(nèi)容 ................................................................................... 4 第 2 章 電力參數(shù)的測(cè)量原理 ................................................................................. 6 基本電參量的測(cè)量原理及方法 ................................................................... 7 三相交流電壓電流有效值的測(cè)量 ........................................................ 8 功率的測(cè)量 .......................................................................................... 8 電能質(zhì)量指標(biāo)的測(cè)量 .............................................................