【正文】 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）I摘 要汽車座椅是汽車車身的重要部件，一般由座墊及其骨架、靠背及其骨架、頭枕及其骨架，以及相應(yīng)的導(dǎo)向、調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu)等基本部分組成。汽車座椅系統(tǒng)是用來在車內(nèi)給駕乘者支撐，并在保證方便進出和駕駛操作的前提下提供駕乘者有效的約束。汽車座椅系統(tǒng)應(yīng)該提供駕乘者預(yù)期的可調(diào)節(jié)性和長途駕駛的舒適感。在車門關(guān)閉狀態(tài)、在座椅整個調(diào)節(jié)行程內(nèi)，座椅系統(tǒng)的操作應(yīng)該適于所有體形駕乘者進行直觀的調(diào)控操作。同時汽車座椅也是保障車輛安全性能的一部分。汽車座椅設(shè)計的合理性及其質(zhì)量直接影響到乘員的安全性和舒適性。本設(shè)計主要結(jié)合人機工程學(xué)以及有關(guān)座椅的國家標準進行小型客車座椅的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和分析。根據(jù)人機工程學(xué)確定各部分尺寸，完成調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)，依據(jù)國家相關(guān)標準進行合理分析設(shè)計，并進行了靜力分析。本設(shè)計中的調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu)主要包括前后調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu)、高度調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu)以及角度調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu)進行設(shè)計，設(shè)計了其結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理。本設(shè)計為小型客車座椅生產(chǎn)與實驗提供了參考，對實際生產(chǎn)有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。關(guān)鍵詞：座椅、人機工程學(xué)、結(jié)構(gòu)、靜力分析 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）IIAbstractCar seat is an important auto body parts, generally by the seat and its skeleton, and skeleton back, head and skeleton, and the corresponding orientation, regulators and other basic parts. Car seat system is used to driving in the car who support and facilitate the access and drive to ensure the operation of driving under the premise of providing effective seat driving system should expect to provide adjustable and longdistance driving fort. In the door closed, adjust the seat the entire trip, the seats should be suitable for operation of the system to carry out all the body driving control operation intuitive. At the same time protect the car seat is also part of vehicle safety performance. Car seat design and the quality of the reasonableness of a direct impact on passenger safety and fort.The bination of ergonomic design, as well as the main seat of the national standards for small passenger seat of the structural design and analysis. According to various parts of ergonomics to determine the size of the pletion of the structure adjustment, according to relevant national standards for the design of rational analysis and a static analysis.The design of the regulating agencies, including before and after adjusting the main body, a high degree of regulation of agencies and institutions regulating the design point of view, the design of its structure and working principle.The seat is designed to minivan production and provides a reference experiment, the actual production of a certain degree of guidance.Keywords: chairs, ergonomics, structure, static analysis本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）III目 錄第 1 章 緒 論 ...........................................................................................................1 小型客車座椅的功用及設(shè)計要求 ............................................................1 小型客車座椅的功用 .....................................................................1 小型客車座椅的設(shè)計要求 ..............................................................1 小型客車座椅結(jié)構(gòu) ....................................................................................2 本畢業(yè)設(shè)計的研究內(nèi)容和意義 ................................................................2 研究內(nèi)容 .........................................................................................2 意義 .................................................................................................2 CATIA 軟件 ................................................................................................3 CATIA 軟件簡介 .............................................................................3 CATIA 在本設(shè)計當(dāng)中的應(yīng)用 .........................................................3第 2 章 座椅的方案設(shè)計 .........................................................................................4 座椅的功能設(shè)計和尺寸控制 ....................................................................4 座椅的功能設(shè)計 .............................................................................4 座椅的尺寸控制 .............................................................................4第 3 章 小型客車座椅的骨架結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 ...............................................................10 座椅的骨架設(shè)計 ......................................................................................10 小型客車座椅的調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu)設(shè)計 ..............................................................12 前后調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu)的工作原理及相關(guān)計算 .......................................12 高度調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu)的工作原理及相關(guān)計算 .......................................13 角度調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu)的工作原理 ...........................................................14 小型客車駕駛員座椅骨架整體結(jié)構(gòu) ......................................................15第 4 章 座椅骨架靜強度分析 ...............................................................................16 汽車座椅靜強度法規(guī) ..............................................................................16 有限元算法在汽車座椅安全性研究中的應(yīng)用 ......................................18 對座椅底座骨架進行靜強度分析 ..........................................................19 建立底座骨架模型并指定材料 ...................................................19 進入 CATIA 工程分析模塊并劃分網(wǎng)格 .....................................20 在靠背骨架上定義約束 ...............................................................20本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）IV 在底座骨架上施加載荷 ...............................................................20 計算求解 .......................................................................................21 結(jié)果分析 .......................................................................................22第 5 章 工藝過程設(shè)計 ...........................................................................................23 導(dǎo)軌上板工藝過程設(shè)計 ..........................................................................23 連接塊工藝過程設(shè)計 ..............................................................................24 導(dǎo)軌滑道工藝過程設(shè)計 ..........................................................................25第 6 章 結(jié)論 ...........................................................................................................27參考文獻 .................................................................................................................28致 謝 .......................................................................................................................30附 錄Ⅰ ...................................................................................................................31附 錄Ⅱ ...................................................................................................................32 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）1第 1 章 緒 論 小型客車座椅的功用及設(shè)計要求 小型客車座椅的功用小型客車座椅是小型客車車身的重要部件，其主要功用是： 1)．用來在車內(nèi)給駕乘