【正文】 燈罩殼沖壓及其模具設(shè)計(jì)摘　要：沖壓模具在實(shí)際工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用廣泛。在傳統(tǒng)的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，工人生產(chǎn)的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大、勞動(dòng)量大，嚴(yán)重影響生產(chǎn)效率，采用模具生產(chǎn)制品及零件，具有生產(chǎn)效率高，節(jié)約原材料，成本低廉，保證質(zhì)量等一系列優(yōu)點(diǎn)，是現(xiàn)在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的重要手段和主要發(fā)展方向。本文介紹了燈罩殼的沖壓工藝和其中第一個(gè)個(gè)工序的模具設(shè)計(jì)。其內(nèi)容首先是根據(jù)燈罩殼的結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)其制定了沖壓工藝過程：本文分析了三種方案，分別對(duì)其進(jìn)行了優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)的分析，確定了第一個(gè)方案為理想的方案。并對(duì)第一個(gè)方案中的第一步工序做了模具設(shè)計(jì)。在模具設(shè)計(jì)過程中首先確定了模具的總體結(jié)構(gòu)形式：倒裝式落料沖孔復(fù)合模。接下來確定了排樣的方案和選擇了壓力機(jī)的型號(hào)。根據(jù)零件圖上的數(shù)據(jù)和尺寸公差確定了沖裁刃口的尺寸。下面進(jìn)行了模具結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)：首先確定出了落料凹模的輪廓尺寸，然后根據(jù)落料凹模的輪廓尺寸確定出了凸模固定板和墊板的輪廓尺寸。凸模固定板和墊板的外形尺寸通常與凹模的一致，厚度是根據(jù)凹模的厚度以相應(yīng)的比例選取。根據(jù)壓力機(jī)的參數(shù)確定了模架的結(jié)構(gòu)為：中間導(dǎo)柱模架。接著選用了相應(yīng)的模柄和導(dǎo)柱。接下來確定了卸料裝置：采用彈簧彈性元件進(jìn)行卸料。最后根據(jù)模具的大體的結(jié)構(gòu)形狀，確定了沖孔凸模的輪廓尺寸。從而設(shè)計(jì)出了相應(yīng)的落料沖孔復(fù)合模來加工產(chǎn)品的第一步工序。并編寫了部分主要零件的工藝加工過程。詳細(xì)闡述了本沖壓模具的裝配過程和沖模試沖時(shí)常見的問題、產(chǎn)生的原因及調(diào)整方法。經(jīng)過對(duì)該零件結(jié)構(gòu)及使用要求的分析研究，該方法為理想的設(shè)計(jì)方法。對(duì)沖壓模具的設(shè)計(jì)充分利用了機(jī)械壓力機(jī)的功用特點(diǎn)，在室溫的條件下對(duì)坯件進(jìn)行沖壓成形，生產(chǎn)效率提高，經(jīng)濟(jì)效益顯著。關(guān)鍵詞：沖壓工藝；結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)；模具設(shè)計(jì)The lampshade hull is blunt to press and its molding tool designAbstract:Blunt press a molding tool an application is extensive in the physically industrial the tradition of the industry the production, the worker produce of labor strength big, labor to have great capacity, serious influence produce the exaltation of with nowadays technological development, the industry produce medium the usage of molding tool has already more and more caused people39。s value, but is applied to industry in great quantities to produce press an automatically send of the molding tool to anticipate a technique to also throw in actual production, blunt press a molding tool can consumedly raise a labor production efficiency, ease a worker burden, have important meaning and economy of the technique progress value.This text introduced the electricity cabinet fan cover hull of blunt press a craft with among them the molding tool of a certain work preface contents first according to as to it39。s the structure of the fan cover hull drew up blunt press craft text analyzed four kinds of projects and distinguish as to it39。s carried on the analysis of merit and shorting, make sure the first project is an ideal did a molding tool design to the square one work preface in the first sure the total structure form of molding tool first in the molding tool the design the set up wrong type falls to anticipate blunt bore pound a down to make sure a row the project of the kind and chose the model number of pressure making sure according to the parameter of pressure machine the lunt press the assemble process of molding tool with blunt familiar problem, output reason for mold to try blunt and adjust process is to the analytical research that the spare parts39。 structure and the usage request and that method is an ideal design blunt pressed the design of molding tool to well make use of machine pressure the effect characteristics of the machine, carry on to the Pi piece under the condition of indoor temperature blunt press to take shape, produce an efficiency an exaltation, the economic performance shows Zhao.Keyword: press process；structure design；molding tool design緒　論一、模具的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀改革開放以來，隨著國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展，市場(chǎng)對(duì)模具的需求量不斷增長。近年來，模具工業(yè)一直以15%左右的增長速度快速發(fā)展，模具工業(yè)企業(yè)的所有制成分也發(fā)生了巨大變化，除了國有專業(yè)模具廠外，集體、合資、獨(dú)資和私營也得到了快速發(fā)展。浙江寧波和黃巖地區(qū)的“模具之鄉(xiāng)”；廣東一些大集團(tuán)公司和迅速崛起的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)，科龍、美的、康佳等集團(tuán)紛紛建立了自己的模具制造中心；中外合資和外商獨(dú)資的模具企業(yè)現(xiàn)已有幾千家。當(dāng)今世界正進(jìn)行著新一輪的產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整，一些模具制造逐漸向發(fā)展中國家轉(zhuǎn)移，中國正成為世界模具大國。近年來，外資對(duì)我國模具行業(yè)投入量增大，工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國家將模具向我國轉(zhuǎn)移的趨勢(shì)進(jìn)一步明朗化，這代表著我國模具行業(yè)迎來新一輪的發(fā)展機(jī)遇，也代表著面臨國外先進(jìn)技術(shù)和高品質(zhì)制品的挑戰(zhàn)。 有數(shù)據(jù)顯示，我國目前模具總產(chǎn)值已躍居世界第三，僅次于日本和美國，其中，汽車、摩托車、家電行業(yè)是模具最大的市場(chǎng)。據(jù)權(quán)威報(bào)告，中國已成為第一制造大國。 我國模具年生產(chǎn)總量雖然已位居世界第三。但設(shè)計(jì)制造水平在總體上要比工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國家落后許多。其差距主要表現(xiàn)在下列六方面： 1）國內(nèi)自配率不足80%。其中中低檔模具供過于求，中高檔模具自配率不足60%。 2）企業(yè)組織結(jié)構(gòu)、產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)、技術(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)和進(jìn)出口結(jié)構(gòu)都不夠合理。我國模具生產(chǎn)廠點(diǎn)中多數(shù)是自產(chǎn)自配的工模具車間（分廠），專業(yè)模具廠也大多數(shù)是“大而全”“小而全”的組織形式