管理學(xué)—員工激勵(lì)(英文)(已修改)
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【正文】 ninth edition STEPHEN P. ROBBINS PowerPoint Presentation by Charlie Cook The University of West Alabama MARY COULTER 169。 2022 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Motivating Employees Chapter 16 169。 2022 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–2 L E A R N I N G O U T L I N E Follow this Learning Outline as you read and study this chapter. What Is Motivation? ? Define motivation. ? Explain motivation as a needsatisfying process. Early Theories of Motivation ? Describe Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and how it can be used to motivate. ? Discuss how Theory X and Theory Y managers approach motivation. ? Describe Herzberg’s motivationhygiene theory. ? Explain Herzberg’s views of satisfaction and dissatisfaction. 169。 2022 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–3 L E A R N I N G O U T L I N E (cont’d) Follow this Learning Outline as you read and study this chapter. Contemporary Theories of Motivation ? Describe the three needs McClelland proposed as being present in work settings. ? Explain how goalsetting and reinforcement theories explain employee motivation. ? Describe the job characteristics model as a way to design motivating jobs. ? Discuss the motivation implications of equity theory. ? Contrast distributive justice and procedural justice. ? Explain the three key linkages in expectancy theory and their role in motivation. 169。 2022 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–4 L E A R N I N G O U T L I N E (cont’d) Follow this Learning Outline as you read and study this chapter. Current Issues in Motivation ? Describe the crosscultural challenges of motivation. ? Discuss the challenges managers face in motivating unique groups of workers. ? Describe openbook management, employee recognition, payforperformance, and stock option programs. 169。 2022 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–5 What Is Motivation? ? Motivation ?Is the result of an interaction between the person and a situation。 it is not a personal trait. ?Is the process by which a person’s efforts are energized, directed, and sustained towards attaining a goal. ? Energy: a measure of intensity or drive. ? Direction: toward anizational goals ? Persistence: exerting effort to achieve goals. ?Motivation works best when individual needs are patible with anizational goals. 169。 2022 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–6 Early Theories of Motivation ? Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs ? MacGregor’s Theories X and Y ? Herzberg’s TwoFactor Theory 169。 2022 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–7 Early Theories of Motivation ? Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory ?Needs were categorized as five levels of lower to higherorder needs. ? Individuals must satisfy lowerorder needs before they can satisfy higher order needs. ? Satisfied needs will no longer motivate. ? Motivating a person depends on knowing at what level that person is on the hierarchy. ?Hierarchy of needs ? Lowerorder (external): physiological, safety ? Higherorder (internal): social, esteem, selfactualization 169。 2022 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–8 Exhibit 16–1 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 169。 2022 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–9 Early Theories of Motivation (cont’d) ? McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y ?Theory X ? Assumes that worker
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