【正文】 1 Procurement Management: Best Practices 2 Learning Objectives ? Overview of Procurement Facts ? Understanding Procurement Chain ? Procurement Plan ? Supply Positioning ? Risk Management ? Procurement Oversight ? Contract Development amp。 Administration ? Atlas (PO amp。 AM Modules) ? “ We will walk you through simple and exciting journey of procurement management” 3 Procurement Defined The term “procurement” refers to the process of acquiring goods, works and services. The process spans the whole cycle from identification of needs through to the end of a services contract or the useful life of an asset.[1] [1] UNDP Fin. Reg. (a) (March 20xx). 4 Procurement Authority: ? The Administrator has delegated oversight and approval authority to CPO ? The CPO delegates the authority to RR, Directors and Heads of Bureaus for award of contract valued at less than $100,000 ? Increase of procurement authority can be delegated by the CPO based on needs and capacity. ? RR and Directors can subdelegate the authority in writing. ? Oversight mechanism is CAP and ACP. ? Accountability 5 Components of Delivery Consultants (SSA) 10% Travel 8% UNV 5% Fellowships 2% Project Personnel (SC) –12% Project staff (200 amp。 300 Series) –18% Goods Service 45 % 63% G o o d s a n d S e r v i c e s45%P r o j e c t S t a f f ( 2 0 0 amp。 3 0 0 S e r i e s )18%P r o j e c t P e r s o n n e l ( S C )12%F e l l o w s h i p s2%UNV5%T r a v e l8%C o n s u l t a n t s ( S S A )10%6 UNDP Global Procurement Trends 87 9014019595010201130135005001000150020xx 20xx 20xx 20xxI A P S ON E XD E XT o t al7 PO A m o u n t6%28%13%53% 2 . 5 K2 . 5 K ~ 3 0 K3 0 K ~ 1 0 0 K 1 0 0 K 2 . 5 K 2 . 5 K ~ 3 0 K 3 0 K ~ 1 0 0 K 1 0 0 K T o t a lP O C o u n t 7 4 , 2 8 5 4 4 , 9 5 7 3 , 5 4 0 1 , 5 2 7 1 2 4 , 3 0 9A m o u n t ( $ m ) 70 353 169 758 1 , 3 5 0PO C o u n t60%36%3% 1% 2 . 5 K2 . 5 K ~ 3 0 K3 0 K ~ 1 0 0 K 1 0 0 K8 A tl a s T r a n s a c ti o n s (PO ) w i th V a l u e 1 0 0 K21%19%7%7%18%28%AAPASECHQL A C* Note: HQ data includes IAPSO and UNV A AP AS EC HQ L A C G r a n d T o t a l313 281 116 112 266 439 1527165 183 85 32 135 158 7589 Procurement amp。 Delivery: ? Delivery prises mainly of following ponents: Goods, Services, Individual Consultants, Travel, etc. These fall under procurement. ? Procurement is the key pillar of delivery. ? Procurement is presently treated as a mechanical process. ? One needs different type of skill sets to manage different type of goods and services. ? One need market and product knowledge. It is not about 3 quotations. ? It is about partnering with supply sources ? Move from tactical to strategic mode ( Presently we spend 100% of our time on fire fighting) 10 Procurement Chain: REQ Sourcing (Potential Suppliers) Receipt and Opening Vendor Award Contract/PO Approval by CPO Create Vendor Evaluation of Offers Review By Contracts Committee Bidding 11 Public Procurement Life Cycle Procurement Plan Procurement Implementation Procurement Evaluation Procurement Formalization 12 Procurement Planning: ? This should take place well before taking any purchasing action. ? It should not be limited to specific requisition but part of positioning the procurement unit to best advantage ? The first task is to establish the significance to the buying anization of the purchased items and then to gain an understanding of the market conditions. ? This require the use of following three techniques – Supply Positioning – Supplier Preferences – Vulnerability management 13 Procurement Plan: ? A procurement plan describes which product will be acquired from vendor as well as when and how they will be acquired. What, When, How ? Template – Items to be procured – Evaluation criteria – Procurement Method – Schedule/ Date of delivery – Ownership rights of the source code – Ownership rights of the production ? One of the major initiative to improve procurement system 14 Procurement Planning Procurement planning, prior to any action taken in Atlas, is essential for the timely solicitation of quotations, bids or proposals。 the award of contracts。 and the delivery of inputs. Procurement planning entails more than the selection of a procurement method for various goods, works and services and when to schedule activities, but bines the legal and institutional frameworks in which procurement must be carried out. Business Units should consider the following: ?Types of goods, works or services required。 ?Method of procurement。 ?potential sources。 ?Estimated costs。 ?Source of funds。 ?Requisitions。 ?Delivery time and place。 ?Evaluation criteria。 ?Justification for nonpetitive procurement。 and ?Review of CAP and ACP. 15 Procurement Planning WHAT? WHEN? HOW? 16 Supply Positioning (Portfolio Analysis): Supply Positioning provides a mechanism for discriminating between the ponents of the total purchasing requirements whether goods, works or services, and a tool for developing specific strategies to meet the needs of the anization with respect to each group of purchases. 17 Supply Positioning ?Few major sources ?Few alternatives ?Q/S/R critical ?Low value ?Few sources/monopoly ?High cost ?Q/S/R critical ?No alternatives ?Many sources ?Many alternatives ?Low value ?Many sources ?Many alternatives ?High cost STRATEGIC SECURITY STRATEGIC CRITICAL TACTICAL ACQUISITION TACTICAL PROFIT 18 Purchasing Goals ?Ensure supplies ?Cost insens